Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Paris Convention definition

What does Paris Convention mean? In practice, “Paris Convention” refers to the treaty-based regime that fixes strict, exclusive (channelled) third‑party civil liability on nuclear operators for damage caused by a nuclear incident at a nuclear installation or during the transport of nuclear substances. Formally the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy (1960), as amended (including the 2004 Protocol), it sets minimum liability amounts, requires financial security/insurance, establishes exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the state of the incident, and imposes limitation periods. Compensable “nuclear damage” (as implemented) includes death and personal injury, property damage, specified economic loss and certain...

Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage: key provisions on liability, jurisdiction, compensation tiers and definitions, plus UK accession and implementation (Energy Act 2023; in force 1 January 2026)

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

What are the key aspects of the Convention on Supplementary Compensation on Nuclear Damage (CSC)?

The instrument is titled the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage. It was adopted on 12 September 1997, opened for signature on 29 September 1997, and entered into force on 15 April 2015. Its subject is Nuclear Liability. There are 19 signatories and 12 Contracting Parties. Countries involved include Argentina, Benin (accession), Canada, Ghana (accession), India, Japan, Montenegro (accession), Morocco, Romania, United Arab Emirates, United States of America and the United Kingdom (accession). Additional signatories are Australia, Czech Republic, Indonesia, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Mauritius, Peru, Philippines, Senegal and Ukraine. Related legislation comprises the 1960 Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy and the 1963 Vienna Convention on Civil liability for Nuclear Damage.

What is the current status of the CSC?

For the CSC to take effect, it required ratification by at least five countries with a combined nuclear generating capacity of 400,000 MW. Japan’s ratification on 15 January 2015 enabled the Convention to come into force.

What are the aims of the CSC?

The CSC is an international convention intended to provide a clear route to...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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