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European Union

EU Critical Entities Resilience Directive 2022/2557: scope, sector coverage, designation, resilience obligations, incident reporting, enforcement, exemptions, interaction with NIS 2/DORA, and practical compliance timelines

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Practice notes
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STOP PRESS : This Practice Note sets out the current legislative landscape; please note, however, that parts will be affected by the Digital Omnibus proposals released on 19 November 2025 under the Commission’s ‘simplification’ agenda. For further details, see Practice Note : EU Digital Omnibus—tracker. This Practice Note outlines the main features of Directive (EU) 2022/2557 on the resilience of critical entities—the EU Critical Entities Resilience Directive (CER Directive)—covering its scope, principal duties for critical entities, the sanctions framework and what the new obligations mean for organisations in practice. The CER Directive forms part of the EU’s wider drive to bolster the resilience of critical infrastructure across sectors. It is not chiefly a cybersecurity instrument, yet it overlaps with cybersecurity because cyber incidents can endanger the resilience of critical entities, alongside other risks such as natural hazards, terrorism, insider threats, pandemics and sabotage.

Background

In an evaluation report issued in July 2019, the European Commission concluded that the technological, economic, social, political and environmental setting in which Europe’s critical infrastructures operate had changed markedly since Directive 2008/114/EC, the Critical Infrastructure Directive, was adopted in 2008. For example, 5G technology was simultaneously advancing both, as noted at the time then too...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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