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United Kingdom
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Data protection definition

What does Data protection mean? In legal practice, data protection describes the rules governing how organisations collect, use, share, retain and secure personal data, including employees’ information. In the UK this regime is set by the UK GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018; in Ireland by the EU GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018 (Ireland). The label is descriptive; core concepts (personal data, controller, processor, special category data) and obligations are defined in legislation. In employment, the employer is typically the controller and must identify a lawful basis (for example, contract, legal obligation or legitimate interests) and, for special category data,...

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UK GDPR and private M&A: seller and buyer due diligence, lawful bases, data rooms, international transfers, warranties, sanctions and post-completion integration

Practice notes
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The impact of the UK GDPR on M&A transactions

EU GDPR and UK GDPR

Regulation (EU) 2016/679, the EU’s General Data protection Regulation (EU GDPR), has applied directly and been fully enforceable across every EU Member State since 25 May 2018. It overhauled EU data protection rules and, in the UK, superseded the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA 1998) together with Directive 95/46/EC (the Data Protection Directive). On 31 January 2020 the UK left EU membership and moved into an Implementation period, during which EU law continued to govern. The EU GDPR framework continued to operate under UK law up to the close of that period (11 pm UK time on 31 December 2020) and still applies within the EEA. From the end of the implementation period, the UK General Data Protection Regulation, Assimilated Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (UK GDPR), has had effect in UK law (initially as the Retained Regulation (EU) 2016/679, UK GDPR at the end of the implementation period and, from 1 January 2024, as the Assimilated Regulation (EU) 2016/679, UK GDPR). Assimilated law is the label for retained EU law (REUL) that remains operative after the end of 2023. This remains operative after the end of 2023...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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