Jurisdiction(s):
European Union

Key definition

Film definition

What does Film mean? In legal practice, film means any recording from which moving images can be produced, regardless of format (digital files, animation, videotape, cinema prints or online streams). In England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland it is a category of copyright work defined by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988; Ireland’s Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 adopts a broadly consistent definition. The accompanying soundtrack is treated as part of the film, though underlying music, scripts, performances and sound recordings may attract separate copyrights and neighbouring rights. Key legal features and usage: - Authors are generally the producer and principal director...

Serving documents under Regulation (EU) 2020/1784 (Service Regulation recast): transmitting/receiving agencies, translations and refusal rights, certificates, time limits and costs

Published by a LexisNexis EU Law expert

Practice notes

Applicant seeking service

This Practice Note explains the procedure for serving documents through transmitting and receiving agencies under Regulation (EU) 2020/1784, the Service Regulation (recast), Chapter II, section 1. It addresses what each agency requires, how service is carried out, and when an addressee may decline service. It also outlines how the date of service is fixed, which can be crucial where limitation could arise, and it discusses the costs of using this route. For details of the transmitting and receiving agencies appointed by the EU Member States, see the Europa e-justice portal—Serving documents (recast). The portal lists the EU Member States; select a country to display the relevant information. This Practice Note should be read alongside Practice Note: The Service Regulation (recast). In practice, this route of service can be time-consuming: build in time for delay, or consider using more than one method. Other available methods of service are set out in Practice Note: The Service Regulation (recast)...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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