Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Nuclear Energy definition

What does Nuclear Energy mean? In legal practice, nuclear energy describes energy produced by nuclear fission or fusion, or released by radioactive decay, and the civil activities that generate, use, transport or manage it. The phrase itself is descriptive rather than a defined statutory term; legislation instead regulates reactors, nuclear installations, nuclear material and radioactive substances. Across England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, nuclear energy work typically engages: nuclear site licensing and safety/security oversight by the Office for Nuclear Regulation (Energy Act 2013); environmental permitting and radioactive substances controls (under devolved regimes); radiation protection and emergency planning (including REPPIR 2019); transport of radioactive...

UK civil nuclear regulatory framework post-Brexit: overview of ONR, Ofgem, EA/SEPA/NRW/NIEA, DESNZ, HSE, and other bodies including NDA, Great British Energy-Nuclear and UKAEA

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

Regulatory oversight of the UK civil nuclear sector is divided among a number of authorities, mirroring the split between the baseline obligations that apply to all electricity producers and the extra responsibilities that stem from the distinctive nature of nuclear generation. In 2014, nuclear-specific oversight was markedly brought together through the establishment of the Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR), which replaced several predecessor bodies that had overseen different facets of the industry. Alongside these, other government entities, though without broad regulatory or supervisory remits, carry out targeted enabling and decision-making roles and therefore exert significant influence within the UK civil nuclear landscape. For details on the codes and industry organisations relevant to the nuclear field, and for a single compiled list of the principal bodies, see Practice Note: Industry Bodies and Codes—Nuclear Energy.

What is the impact of Brexit on the UK civil nuclear industry?

From 31 January 2020 (Exit day), the UK was no longer an EU Member State. The Brexit transition/implementation period ended at 11 pm (GMT) on 31 December 2020. At that moment (termed ‘IP completion day’ in UK law), key...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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