Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Applicable law definition

What does Applicable law mean? Applicable law describes the body of law that actually governs a dispute, transaction or issue in practice—either because the parties have made a valid governing law (choice‑of‑law) clause, or, absent such a clause, because conflict‑of‑laws rules select it. The term is descriptive rather than a defined statutory label and is used across contracts, tort/delict, property and regulatory compliance. In England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, if no valid choice is made, the applicable law of contractual obligations is identified under Rome I as retained EU law; for non‑contractual obligations, Rome II as retained EU law applies. In...

UK Rome II after Brexit: application to harmful events from 31 December 2020, interpretation and key differences—non-contractual obligations, evidence/procedure, choice of law, scope and overriding mandatory rules

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Practice notes

Practice Note

This Practice Note is intended to guide the identification of the Applicable law before the courts of England and Wales in relation to events that cause damage, where those events took place on or after 1 January 2021.

Where a dispute raises a conflict of laws between different parts of the UK, or between the UK and Gibraltar, UK Rome II applies if the harmful event occurred on or after 11 January 2009.
For occurrences falling outside these dates, the UK courts will apply a different applicable law regime, determined by the date of the event.
For an overview of the various regimes and how they interrelate, see Practice Note: Applicable law regimes.

This Practice Note refers to UK Rome II, Regulation (EC) 864/2007. UK Rome II reproduces the full text and recitals of Regulation (EC) 864/2007 (as applied by EU Member States), although the English language version contains some amendments to the articles—the recitals were not changed. Those amendments are set out in The Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations Non-Contractual Obligations (Amendment etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019, reg 11, which came into force on 31 December 2020...

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Angharad Parry , KC

Twenty Essex

Angharad Parry specialises in advisory and advocacy work in a wide range of commercial disputes with a special focus on private international law issues/conflict of laws, sale of goods and commodities, energy and natural resources, off-shore, projects and heavy industry, carriage of goods, shipping and public international law work (particularly involving contracts between states and private entities). In addition to court work, she has extensive experience in arbitration, particularly before the ICC and LCIA. Angharad has also been involved in court proceedings, ancillary to arbitration, with a recent appearance before the Court of Appeal in the seminal case of Integral Petroleum Ltd v Melars Group Ltd (2016) EWCA Civ 108. She has also been involved in numerous proceedings with multi-jurisdictional elements.Angharad is recommended by The Legal 500 (2012 and 2013) as a "Leading Junior" in the field of Commercial...

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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