Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Remediation definition

What does Remediation mean? In legal practice, remediation means the steps taken to put right harm, breach or non‑compliance, typically by rectifying defects, removing risks and preventing recurrence. It is a descriptive term used across contexts (e.g. contract, construction, health and safety, data protection), but in environmental law it is grounded in statute. Environmental remediation covers measures to remove, treat, contain or manage pollution or contaminants in soil, groundwater, sediment or surface water to protect human health and the environment, usually to risk‑based standards. In Great Britain, the contaminated land regime under Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 enables local authorities (and SEPA...

Water anti-pollution works and remediation: regulatory powers, works notices, appeals and cost recovery under the Water Resources Act 1991 (England and Wales)

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

Regulator power to carry out Anti-pollution works

Section 161 of the Water Resources Act 1991 (WRA 1991) empowers the Environment Agency (EA) and Natural Resources Wales (NRW), as the relevant regulators, to undertake anti-pollution works and operations to investigate, prevent, Remedy and mitigate water pollution.

This authority applies where it appears to the EA or NRW that any poisonous, noxious or polluting substance, or any solid waste, is:

likely to enter any controlled waters (surface water or groundwater)
likely to be present in any controlled waters
likely to have been present in any controlled waters

Actions may include:

preventing the polluting material from entering the water
removing or disposing of the material
remedying or mitigating the pollution
so far as reasonably practicable, restoring the water and any flora or fauna to their condition prior to the incident

The EA and NRW also hold powers to investigate what the polluting substance is, its source, the pollution caused or likely to be caused, and who is responsible.

The measures in WRA 1991, s 161(2)–161(3) can only be exercised where either:...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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