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Account monitoring order meaning

What does Account monitoring order mean?
An account monitoring order is a court order requiring a bank or other financial institution to give investigators ongoing information about transactions on a named account for a defined period. It is used in proceeds of crime, money laundering and terrorist financing investigations to obtain up-to-date credits, debits and related identifiers, without freezing the funds. In England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland the order is created by statute (including the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 and terrorism legislation) and is granted by the Crown Court (England & Wales and Northern Ireland) or the sheriff (Scotland) on application by an authorised investigator (for example the police, NCA, SFO or HMRC) where the statutory tests are met. Orders commonly include a non-disclosure requirement; failure to comply is an offence. The order is served on banks, building societies or payment service providers and compels them to provide specified information they hold or subsequently receive about the customer’s account activity for the court-approved period. It is distinct from a production order (historic records) and from an account freezing order (which restrains funds). In Ireland, comparable “monitoring orders” exist under criminal justice and anti-money laundering legislation with broadly similar effect, though terminology and procedure differ.
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PRACTICE NOTES
Scottish confiscation under POCA 2002: procedure, recoverable amount, proportionality, reconsideration and appeals, enforcement and restraint, Part 8 investigatory powers, and forthcoming ECCTA 2023 cryptoasset provisions

This Practice Note summarises the confiscation regime set out in the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (POCA 2002), together with the changes introduced by Schedule 8 to the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (ECCTA 2023), insofar as it operates in Scotland. Schedule 8 amended the Proceeds of Crime Act 2022 to make provisions in connection with cryptoassets and confiscation orders. Those amendments have not yet been brought into force. Introduction to Scottish confiscation law and procedure Confiscation is the mechanism by which, after conviction, an offender’s financial gain from offending is taken away. The POCA 2002 confiscation provisions are designed to facilitate the recovery and seizure of the proceeds of crime in order to: disincentivise criminal activity, and prevent offenders from retaining the proceeds of crime following conviction This Practice Note addresses the Scottish confiscation process and procedure. For the parallel provisions in England and Wales, see the subtopic: Restraint and Confiscation. A confiscation order requires...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Scottish sheriff court civil recovery: detention and forfeiture of cash, listed assets, account freezing orders, cryptoassets, and investigatory powers under POCA 2002

This Practice Note sets out the Scottish process for civil recovery before the Sheriff Court, covering cash, listed assets and accounts. It further explains the investigatory powers available within the civil recovery process. It does not address seeking a civil recovery order in the Court of Session under Chapter 3 of Part 5 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (POCA 2002). For guidance, see Practice Note: Scottish civil recovery—process and procedure in the Court of Session. For the equivalent position in England and Wales, see Practice Notes: Civil recovery orders under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 and Civil recovery under POCA 2002—procedure. Statutory framework for civil recovery in Scotland POCA 2002, Pt 5 empowers enforcement authorities to bring civil proceedings to recover property, cash, or—by virtue of provisions introduced by the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (ECCTA 2023)—a cryptoasset that has been obtained through, or is intended to be used in, unlawful conduct. See our E&W Practice Note: Civil recovery orders under the Proceeds...

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