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Adaptation meaning

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What does Adaptation mean?
In legal practice, adaptation means creating a new version of an existing copyright work—such as a translation, dramatisation or novelisation, a musical arrangement or transcription, a depiction in pictures of a literary work (for example, a graphic novel), or converting a computer programme or database into another language, code or altered form. The term is defined in legislation: in the UK, the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA 1988, s.21), and in Ireland, the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000. Under UK copyright law, making an adaptation of a literary, dramatic or musical work (and of a computer programme or database) is a restricted act, as is carrying out other restricted acts in relation to an adaptation (such as copying, issuing copies, performing or communicating it). The same principle applies in Ireland. Permission from the copyright owner (a licence) is usually required unless a statutory exception applies. Usage is broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland, though statutory wording differs. Adaptation does not generally apply to artistic works, films or sound recordings as a separate restricted act; derivative exploitation of these is typically addressed through the law of copying and related rights.
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View the related News about Adaptation

NEWS
UK and EU environmental law weekly update: emissions trading, energy and nuclear, ESG reporting, UK REACH, waste and producer responsibility, biodiversity, marine, water and litigation—26 February 2026

In this issue: Air emissions and climate change Energy for environmental lawyers Environmental disputes and proceedings Environmental permits and consents Environmental taxes, reliefs and incentives ESG and sustainability Hazardous substances and chemicals Marine Nature, biodiversity and habitat conservation Waste Waste producer responsibility regimes Water, flooding and drainage Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Air emissions and climate change DESNZ releases quarterly waste data reporting template for the UK ETS. The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) has issued a template for quarterly waste data submissions under the UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS). It is designed for waste operators to use when sending quarterly data reports to their regulator during the voluntary monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) period. See: LNB News 19/02/2026 50. AFME responds to European Commission consultation on climate resilience legislative framework. The Association for Financial Markets in Europe (AFME) has provided...

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NEWS
Banking and finance weekly: Supreme Court LIBOR ruling, UK EMIR reporting changes, Companies House register reforms, sustainable finance and derivatives updates, FCA non-bank leverage priorities—14 August 2025

In this issue Sustainable finance and ESG round up LIBOR and benchmarks Lending Security Sustainable finance Derivatives Regulation for derivatives lawyers Regulation for banking lawyers Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Useful information Sustainable finance and ESG round up Sustainable finance and ESG monthly round-up—11 August 2025. This Finance Group update features: (1) an International Sustainability Standards Board consultation on proposed changes to the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board Standards and guidance for IFRS S2, (2) the IFRS Foundation’s near-final guidance on reporting uncertainties within financial statements, and (3) new United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative guidance for banks on climate adaptation and resilience. For more, see News Analysis: Sustainable finance and ESG monthly round-up—11 August 2025. LIBOR and benchmarks On 23 July 2025, the UK Supreme Court issued a landmark judgment, overturning the fraud convictions of traders Tom Hayes and Carlo Palombo. Ellen Gallagher, partner at Vardags Ltd,...

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NEWS
EU Taxonomy KPIs criticised: limited coverage, problematic premium-splitting and data gaps leave insurers’ sustainability metrics low, incomparable, exclude transition finance and create competitive disadvantage

Insurance Europe and the European Insurance CFO Forum warned in a 3 July 2024 position paper that the current limitations give an incomplete view of insurers’ sustainability, putting the industry at a competitive handicap versus others. The EU’s taxonomy rule sets out which activities are sustainable for use in mandatory disclosures by insurers and other companies. It aims to shield investors from misleading claims about sustainability levels. The required reporting is anchored in key performance indicators, or KPIs, designed to reflect sustainability levels in investments and the premiums collected to profitably cover insurance risk. Insurers must disclose how much of their investing and underwriting is taxonomy-eligible, meaning it serves its environmental aims, such as climate change adaptation. However, there are several shortcomings which mean the insurance taxonomy KPIs as currently framed, in their present form and scope, remain problematic...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UK–Australia Free Trade Agreement sanitary and phytosanitary regime: scope, WTO SPS alignment, science-based risk, regionalisation, equivalence, import conditions, audits, certification, checks and emergency measures

This Practice Note offers practical guidance on sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures within the Australia and United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement (Aus-UK FTA). Introduction The Aus-UK FTA spans trade in goods and services, along with a range of matters linked to those areas. In respect of trade in goods, it covers: rules of origin. For guidance on rules of origin under the Aus-UK FTA, see Practice Note: Rules of origin of the Aus-UK FTA. For guidance on claiming origin under the Aus-UK FTA, see Practice Note: How to claim preference under the Aus-UK FTA customs procedure and trade facilitation technical barriers to trade, and trade remedies Chapter 6 of the Aus-UK FTA addresses SPS measures. Chapter 6 aims to: protect human, animal and plant life and health within the parties’ territories while enabling trade between them ensure the parties’ SPS measures do not create unjustified barriers to trade reinforce and build upon implementation of...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UK public sector sustainability reporting: obligations and guidance—FReM, Greening Government Commitments, TCFD (phased), NHS net zero, SDGs, modern slavery statements, and local authority reporting

UK government sustainable development strategy For over twenty years, the UK has restated its pledge to sustainable development, shaping its own interpretation through a succession of national sustainable development strategies. Much like the evolving definition itself, the UK-wide approach remains an ongoing endeavour. The UK’s strategy sets out policies designed to advance delivery of all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Responsibility for implementing policy in devolved areas rests with Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. For further insight on sustainable development in the UK, see Practice Note: Sustainable development—definition and application at UK level. The Greening Government Commitments (GGCs) specify the measures that UK government departments and their agencies will adopt to cut their environmental impacts. This sits within a drive to boost transparency and alignment with national and international sustainability commitments; however, uneven progress, funding and training—covering carbon literacy and adaptation, carbon accounting and sustainable procurement—mean many public bodies commence this journey from different points. A central aim of the GGCs is to foster transparent reporting in government departments’...

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PRACTICE NOTES
COP26 Glasgow: Glasgow Climate Pact, Paris Rulebook, finance, energy and sector pledges—legal snapshot and next steps

Glasgow Summit (COP26/CMP16) Location: Glasgow, United Kingdom Date: 31 October–12 November 2021 Subject: Climate change, international environmental law, climate targets Background on the UNFCCC The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a global treaty adopted at the 1992 ‘Earth Summit’ in Rio de Janeiro. Its purpose is to stabilise greenhouse gas (GHG) levels in the atmosphere at a point that avoids dangerous human-driven climate change. There are 197 signatories—known as Parties—to the Convention. At the outset, the UNFCCC aimed to set national reference levels for GHG emissions, using 1990 as the base year. The Conference of the Parties (COP) serves as the Convention’s decision-making body, convening annually, unless Parties agree otherwise, to evaluate progress on climate action. For additional detail, see Practice Note: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992—snapshot. Key historic UN climate change conferences COP15, Copenhagen, 2009 COP16, Cancun, 2010 COP17, Durban, 2011 COP18, Doha, 2012 COP19,...

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PRECEDENTS
Precedent letter before action from trustee in bankruptcy to bankrupt/co-owner regarding intended application for possession and sale to realise beneficial interest in co-owned property (England and Wales)

This formal letter serves hereby to notify the bankrupt and any additional co-owner (or occupier) of the relevant property in question that the trustee in bankruptcy (the trustee) intends to realise their beneficial interest in that property. It should generally be sent only once the trustee has resolved to formally issue a court application for possession and sale, or adapted suitably if they do not propose to apply to the court at this stage. Individual letters must be addressed and posted separately to all co-owners/occupiers, ensuring the trustee can be fully confident each has been clearly notified of the position. The precedent is written in neutral terms so as to allow easy adaptation and appropriate modification where required, and is framed on the basis that it is to be sent by the trustee’s solicitor...

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