Adaptation science meaning

In this issue: Commercial Competition Corporate Data protection and cybersecurity Free movement, immigration and employment Financial services Energy Environment Life sciences Regulatory TMT International trade Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trackers Commercial Commission consults on evaluation of market surveillance regulation The European Commission has launched a consultation to assess and, if needed, update the Market Surveillance Regulation (EU) 2019/1020. It aims to strengthen the operation of the single market by boosting compliance with EU product harmonisation rules, with any amendments scheduled for Commission adoption in Q3 2026. The consultation closes on 4 February 2026. See: LNB News 12/11/2025 22. Commission consults on New Legislative Framework revision The Commission’s Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW H4) has opened a consultation to underpin the revamp of the New Legislative Framework (NLF) governing product law, seeking to capture stakeholder views on...

In this issue: EU fundamentals Commercial Competition and state aid Data protection and cybersecurity Dispute resolution Financial services Environment IP Life sciences TMT Regulatory International trade Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trackers EU fundamentals Ursula von der Leyen provides vision statement for Europe and wins re-election Ms Ursula von der Leyen secured a second term as President of the European Commission, winning 401 votes in her favour in the European Parliament. Ahead of the ballot, she outlined her vision for a Europe that is even stronger and more prosperous. Among her flagship proposals are: a new Clean Industrial Deal to accelerate decarbonisation and drive industrial expansion; a European Democracy Shield to confront foreign information manipulation and interference; an agriculture plan to support adaptation to climate change; a Roadmap for Women’s Rights; and measures for tackling issues related to screen time and social media. As...

In this issue: COP30 Air emissions and climate change Energy for environmental lawyers Hazardous substances and chemicals ESG and sustainability Nature, biodiversity and habitat conservation Waste Waste producer responsibility regimes Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content COP30 Council of EU approves updated NDC ahead of COP30 The Council of the EU has endorsed a refreshed nationally determined contribution (NDC) on behalf of the EU and its Member States, to be lodged with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in advance of COP30 in Belém, Brazil. Spanning to 2035, this revision builds upon the EU’s 2020 filing and its 2023 revision. It restates the current aim of cutting net greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 relative to 1990. It further notes the Council’s backing for a 90% net cut by 2040 and sets out an indicative 2035 contribution of 66.25% to 72.5%, designed to keep the EU on...

This Practice Note offers practical guidance on sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures within the Australia and United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement (Aus-UK FTA). Introduction The Aus-UK FTA spans trade in goods and services, along with a range of matters linked to those areas. In respect of trade in goods, it covers: rules of origin. For guidance on rules of origin under the Aus-UK FTA, see Practice Note: Rules of origin of the Aus-UK FTA. For guidance on claiming origin under the Aus-UK FTA, see Practice Note: How to claim preference under the Aus-UK FTA customs procedure and trade facilitation technical barriers to trade, and trade remedies Chapter 6 of the Aus-UK FTA addresses SPS measures. Chapter 6 aims to: protect human, animal and plant life and health within the parties’ territories while enabling trade between them ensure the parties’ SPS measures do not create unjustified barriers to trade reinforce and build upon implementation of...

Glasgow Summit (COP26/CMP16) Location: Glasgow, United Kingdom Date: 31 October–12 November 2021 Subject: Climate change, international environmental law, climate targets Background on the UNFCCC The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a global treaty adopted at the 1992 ‘Earth Summit’ in Rio de Janeiro. Its purpose is to stabilise greenhouse gas (GHG) levels in the atmosphere at a point that avoids dangerous human-driven climate change. There are 197 signatories—known as Parties—to the Convention. At the outset, the UNFCCC aimed to set national reference levels for GHG emissions, using 1990 as the base year. The Conference of the Parties (COP) serves as the Convention’s decision-making body, convening annually, unless Parties agree otherwise, to evaluate progress on climate action. For additional detail, see Practice Note: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992—snapshot. Key historic UN climate change conferences COP15, Copenhagen, 2009 COP16, Cancun, 2010 COP17, Durban, 2011 COP18, Doha, 2012 COP19,...

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note has been archived and is no longer maintained Location: Doha, Qatar Dates: 26 November–8 December 2012 Subject: Implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol What is the Doha Climate Gateway? At the UNFCCC conference in Doha, Qatar—known as the Doha Climate Gateway—nations resolved to commence a further commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol. They also set a clear timetable to finalise a universal climate accord by 2015. In addition, Parties agreed on approaches to scale up climate finance and technology support for developing countries. The UNFCCC Executive Secretary, Christina Figueres, remarked that Doha represented progress, yet much remains to be done; the opportunity to keep warming under two degrees is barely open, as evidenced by science and data. She stressed that negotiations must now centre on practical methods to quicken action and raise ambition, noting that the world has the funds and technology to remain below two degrees....