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Attachment of earnings meaning

What does Attachment of earnings mean?
An attachment of earnings is a court-directed mechanism requiring an employer to deduct sums from a debtor’s wages or salary and pay them to the court or enforcing authority to clear a judgment debt, fine or maintenance. It is a statutory remedy across the UK and Ireland, though terminology and procedure differ. In England and Wales, an Attachment of Earnings Order (AEO) under the Attachment of Earnings Act 1971 is made by the county court (and by magistrates’ courts for fines); child maintenance is enforced separately by Child Maintenance Service Deduction from Earnings Orders (DEOs). In Scotland, the equivalent is an earnings arrestment (and, for multiple arrestments, a conjoined arrestment order) under the Debtors (Scotland) Act 1987. In Northern Ireland, AEOs operate via the Enforcement of Judgments Office under the 1981 Order. In Ireland, orders are statutory, widely used for maintenance under the 1976 Act and for certain civil debts, including under the Civil Debt (Procedures) Act 2015. Orders apply only to employed earnings, set protected and deduction rates, bind employers, permit limited admin deductions, allow variation or suspension, and end when debt and costs are paid; maintenance and fines often take priority.
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View the related Checklists about Attachment of earnings

CHECKLISTS
Attachment of earnings orders for family maintenance: FPR Part 39 procedure, criteria, arrears over 12 months, employer/debtor duties, forms FE15/FE17 (England and Wales)

Procedural Guide This Procedural Guide explains the process for seeking an attachment of earnings order under the Attachment of Earnings Act 1971 and the Family Procedure Rules 2010, SI 2010/2955, Pt 39, to enforce a maintenance order by directing deductions straight from a debtor’s earnings... Eligibility to apply Handling arrears exceeding 12 months Obligations of the employer and the debtor Where the judgment debtor is an employed individual, the judgment creditor may apply to enforce the judgment against the debtor’s wages or salary. If granted, the employer must make regular deductions from the debtor’s pay and remit those sums to the court. This is referred to as an attachment of earnings order (AEO). See also Practice Note: Attachment of earnings order... FPR 2010, SI 2010/2955, Pt 39 applies to any proceedings that began, but were not concluded, before 6 April 2016 (when procedural amendments were introduced), in the same manner as it applies to proceedings commenced on or after that...

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View the related Practice Notes about Attachment of earnings

PRACTICE NOTES
Family Procedure Rules 2010 (England and Wales): Index to Parts, Practice Directions, amendments (Brexit/DDSA 2020), electronic procedure, pilot schemes and pre-DDSA 2020 versions

How to use this index This Practice Note offers an index with links to the Family Procedure Rules 2010 (FPR 2010), SI 2010/2955—the main procedural rules that apply to family proceedings—together with all supporting Practice Directions. Use the 'Table of Contents' tab on the left-hand side of the screen; it will expand to reveal every Part of FPR 2010 and the associated Practice Directions for each individual Part. To open material within FPR 2010, select the margin note to the right of the text for the specific Part or Practice Direction you wish to consult. When you are inside a Part of FPR 2010, click the 'Table of Contents' tab on the left to then expand that Part, display all rules contained in it, and allow you to navigate to the relevant provision you are interested in or require. Within FPR 2010, the 'Table of Contents' tab also lists all other Parts of FPR 2010, and individual rules can be navigated to by clicking on each relevant...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Attachment of Earnings Orders in Family Proceedings: Eligibility, Procedure, Deduction Rates, Offences, Variation and Costs (England and Wales)

An attachment of earnings order (AEO) An AEO is a mechanism for enforcing maintenance obligations imposed by a court order made in the Family Court or the High Court, regardless of whether any arrears have accrued, by taking specified sums directly from the debtor’s wages. The order is addressed to the debtor’s employer, not the debtor. Once made, the employer must promptly remit prescribed amounts from the debtor’s pay to the court’s designated collecting officer, who then passes them on to the creditor. The Family Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2016, SI 2016/355 amended the Family Procedure Rules 2010, SI 2010/2955 (FPR 2010), and, among other things, created a new Part 39 provision governing applications for an attachment of earnings order to secure payments due under a maintenance order. These provisions took legal effect on 6 April 2016. Under FPR 2010, SI 2010/2955, Part 39 is to be applied to any proceedings begun, but not concluded, before 6 April 2016, just as it applies to proceedings started on or after that...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Enforcement of civil judgments in England and Wales: practical overview of methods for money and non-money orders, partnerships and non-parties, court transfers, and recent reform proposals

This Practice Note on domestic enforcement sets out, in outline, the range of enforcement options available, which will vary according to the type of judgment obtained and the identity of the judgment debtor. The likelihood of success with any selected mode of enforcement depends heavily on the breadth and depth of your knowledge of the judgment debtor. Enquiries into the nature and location of assets held by the debtor should not wait until judgment is handed down, but should instead form part of diligent case management from first instructions and continue throughout the life of the claim. For guidance, see Practice Note: Successful enforcement—knowing your defendant. Successfully obtained judgment—what next? Unless they are experienced in litigation, a successful client will often assume that the other party will comply with the judgment or order made. However, unsuccessful parties do not always comply. It is important to recognise that the court will not automatically seek to enforce its judgments (see the comment in Amsalem v Raivid). The standard methods of...

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Q&As
High Court judgment interest on transfer to County Court for AEO: CCA 1984 s 40(6)(b) and 1991 Order art 4(3)

Interest on judgment debts Judgment debts accrue simple interest at 8% per annum until paid, unless the court decides otherwise. By default, interest runs from the date judgment is given, unless the court, a rule or a Practice Direction provides differently. The court may order interest to run from a date before judgment. For further guidance, see Practice Note: Interest on judgment debts, together with the following Practice Notes: County Court judgments and orders—additional matters Which enforcement of judgment method should I choose?—in particular, the section: Which enforcement of judgment method should I choose?—In which court should you enforce your judgment—practical considerations Transferring a judgment from the High Court to a Country Court CPR 70.3 makes provision for transfer of proceedings in question, and states that an application must be made to the High Court before an order permitting the transfer of the proceedings will be granted by the court...

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Q&As
Adjournment of AEO pending variation of spousal maintenance

Tattersall v Tattersall In Tattersall v Tattersall, the husband moved to amend a maintenance order, while the wife pursued steps to compel compliance with that order...

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