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Award meaning

What does Award mean?
In arbitration practice, an award is the arbitral tribunal’s written decision that determines the parties’ claims, defences and the relief granted. Legislation governs its effect and form in England & Wales and Northern Ireland (Arbitration Act 1996), Scotland (Arbitration (Scotland) Act 2010) and Ireland (Arbitration Act 2010 implementing the UNCITRAL Model Law). Key features commonly include: writing, signatures, the date, identification of the seat, and reasons unless the parties agree otherwise. An award is generally final and binding as to the matters decided, subject only to limited statutory challenges (for example, lack of jurisdiction, serious irregularity, and in England & Wales/Northern Ireland, appeal on a point of law if not excluded). Awards can be recognised and enforced by the courts and internationally under the New York Convention, with short time limits for challenge (typically 28 days in England & Wales/Northern Ireland and Scotland; three months in Ireland). Types include final awards; part/partial awards (finally deciding some, but not all, issues); costs and interest awards; and consent awards. Statutes also permit provisional awards (with temporary effect). The term “interim award” is used in practice, often to describe an award that is final on liability but leaves quantum or other issues to be decided...
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View the related Checklists about Award

CHECKLISTS
PSR 2023 Competitive Process: Transparency Checklist for Notices of Intention to Award Contracts or Conclude Framework Agreements (UK Central Digital Platform; SI 2023/1348 reg 11(10) Sch 10)

Checklist This Checklist outlines the details that must appear in a notice of intention of intention to make an award, or to finalise a framework agreement, with the Chosen Provider through the Competitive Process, intended for submission to the UK central digital platform, to satisfy the transparency requirements set and mandated by the Health Care Services (Provider Selection Regime) Regulations 2023 (PSR Regs 2023), SI 2023/1348, reg 11(10), Sch 10...

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CHECKLISTS
Provider Selection Regime 2023: Checklist for Notice of Intention to Award to an Existing Provider using Direct Award Process C (health care services), for UK central digital platform submission

This Checklist This Checklist explains the particulars that must appear in a notice to be submitted to the UK central digital platform to satisfy the applicable transparency duties imposed by the Health Care Services (Provider Selection Regime) Regulations 2023 (PSR Regs 2023), SI 2023/1348, reg 9(4), Sch 3, following the direct award made of a health care contract under Direct Award Process C...

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CHECKLISTS
Transparency Notice Content Checklist for Direct Award Process C (Existing Provider) under the Health Care Services (Provider Selection Regime) Regulations 2023

Information to be included This checklist explains the details that must be set out in a notice submitted to the UK central digital platform to satisfy the transparency obligations in the Health Care Services (Provider Selection Regime) Regulations 2023 (PSR Regs 2023), SI 2023/1348, reg 9(11)(a), following a direct award of a health care contract using Direct Award Process C. A clear statement that the award was made using Direct Award Process C Contract title and reference The provider’s name and the address of its registered office or principal place of business A description of the relevant health care services, including the most appropriate CPV code The lifetime contract value or, if not yet known, the sums payable to the provider under the contract The dates during which the services will be delivered Details of the award decision-makers Any declared or potential conflicts of interest and how these were managed Further reading Practice...

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View the related News about Award

NEWS
English Commercial Court refuses permission to amend to add s 67 BIT challenge as time-barred under AA 1996 s 73; nationality arguable but for lack of reasonable diligence.

The Czech Republic v Diag Human SE and another [2024] EWHC 708 (Comm) What are the practical implications of this case? The judgment offers practical guidance on how the ‘reasonable diligence’ condition in AA 1996, s 73(1) operates. It warns parties in arbitration to remain vigilant to unfolding factual matters that may demand further enquiry, in order to satisfy the ‘reasonable diligence’ requirement and maintain an arguable case that is not rendered time-barred under AA 1996, s 73(1). It also emphasises the elevated duty of care owed by investment arbitration practitioners when advising clients in arbitral proceedings, so as to avoid claims of insufficient diligence in the conduct of jurisdictional challenges before the tribunal. What was the background? ...

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NEWS
Weekly energy law update: Ofgem decisions, grid and flexibility reforms, hydrogen/LDES support, CHMM guidance, CfD and planning changes, nuclear siting policy, EU State aid/infrastructure actions—13 March 2025

In this issue: Electricity and gas market regulation and licensing Renewable energy Capacity Market, balancing services and energy system flexibility Conventional power, waste to energy, biomass, and CHP projects Nuclear energy Planning issues in energy projects International energy Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Electricity and gas market regulation and licensing Ofgem publishes determinations on code manager selection for REC and BSC Ofgem has issued two determinations, setting out its conclusions under section 187(1) of the Energy Act 2023 to move ahead with appointing code managers for the Balancing and Settlement Code (BSC) and the Retail Energy Code (REC) without running a competition. As a consequence, both the Retail Energy Code Company Ltd and Elexon Ltd will, respectively, be asked to provide a licensing assessment form. Ofgem will subsequently review the submissions and confirm whether it proposes to award each entity a licence. See:...

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NEWS
Dispute Resolution Weekly: CPRC reforms, junior advocacy guidance, cryptoasset injunctions, solicitor-client costs/CFA rulings, disclosure and appeals updates, consultations and key dates (England and Wales), 17 July 2025

In this issue Key DR developments Claims and remedies Costs and funding Litigation Applications—general Evidence and disclosure Appeals New content Dates for your diary Useful information Daily and weekly news alerts Key DR developments CPR Committee minutes Minutes of the CPR Committee meeting—6 June 2025: The Civil Procedure Rule Committee met on 6 June 2025 in a hybrid session at The Rolls Building (Royal Courts of Justice) and via video conference. The minutes confirm a forthcoming CPR 51 pilot enabling non-parties to obtain court documents, arising from the Supreme Court ruling in Cape Intermediate Holdings Ltd v Dring [2019] UKSC 38. They also record approved amendments to the e‑working pilot, progressing towards a permanent electronic filing system as part of ongoing court modernisation. Further topics included summary assessment of costs, arbitration updates, disclosure, civil restraint orders, closed material procedures, judicial review reforms for infrastructure projects, whiplash reforms, digital services and other procedural...

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View the related Practice Notes about Award

PRACTICE NOTES
Family arbitration and court oversight in England and Wales: stays, consent orders, and challenges post-Haley for financial remedies and children under the IFLA scheme and Arbitration Acts 1996/2025

This Practice Note clearly explains the courts’ function within the context of family arbitration. In matters concerning families, any arbitration normally proceeds under the Institute of Family Law Arbitrators (IFLA) scheme. The courts continue to have overall jurisdiction over any family arbitration award or determination and will endorse the award or determination provided it falls within recognised limits, thereby fully respecting the parties’ autonomy. For further practical guidance on, among other things, the conduct of arbitration in family cases, the principal advantages of arbitration, the scope of the IFLA scheme and the arbitrator’s powers, please see Practice Note: Family arbitration—introduction. Acting on Law Commission proposals to reform the Arbitration Act 1996 (AA 1996) and to bring in measures to bolster arbitrator immunity, enhance overall case efficiency and clarify the court’s powers, a draft Bill reflecting those recommendations was formally laid before Parliament and subsequently obtained Royal Assent on 25 February 2025. Accordingly, the Arbitration Act 2025 (AA 2025) modifies AA 1996 from 1 August 2025 by virtue of the Arbitration...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Contractual damages and remedies under English law: termination, causation, remoteness, mitigation, expectation/reliance/restitution, quantification (Ruxley), non-pecuniary loss, and liquidated damages versus penalties (Cavendish v Makdessi)

Overview This Practice Note forms part of our LLB Contract Law series for law students. It surveys the remedies for breach of contract, with damages at the heart of the common law response. Setting remedies within the framework of contract, it explains when a party may terminate—most notably for breach of conditions and of innominate (or ‘intermediate’) terms. It then sets out the expectation principle from Robinson v Harman (1848) 1 Exch 850, stressing that an award should put the claimant in the position they would have been in had performance occurred. The Note next traces the principal constraints on recovery—causation, remoteness, and the duty to mitigate—and discusses leading cases on mitigation to show how these limits operate even once breach is proved. It also considers alternative measures—expectation, reliance and, in rare cases, restitutionary recovery—before addressing quantification, including the contrast between ‘difference in value’ and ‘cost of cure’ illustrated by Ruxley Electronics v Forsyth [1996] AC 344. Finally, it deals with non-pecuniary loss and the contemporary approach to liquidated...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules: The Arbitral Tribunal's Powers on Procedure, Seat and Law, Joinder, Jurisdiction, Interim Measures, Evidence, Awards and Costs (including Expedited Rules)

This Practice Note examines the powers of the arbitral tribunal under the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Arbitration Rules (the UNCITRAL Rules). For an introduction to the UNCITRAL Rules, see Practice Note: UNCITRAL Rules—background and introduction. For guidance on appointing the tribunal, see Practice Note: UNCITRAL Rules—appointment of the arbitral tribunal. A core feature of the UNCITRAL arbitration framework is the authority vested in the tribunal. The UNCITRAL Rules grant the arbitral tribunal extensive powers over the management and timetable of the proceedings, evidence, the making of awards, interim measures and the allocation of costs. General power of the arbitral tribunal The tribunal may conduct the proceedings in such manner as it deems appropriate, provided it treats the parties equally and affords each party a reasonable opportunity to present its case (UNCITRAL Rules, Article 17(1)). The broad discretion conferred on the tribunal is a fundamental tenet of UNCITRAL arbitration and is derived from the original 1976 UNCITRAL Rules...

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PRECEDENTS
Precedent: LTIP Matched Award Certificate—Acceptance, Vesting, Performance Targets, Holding Period, Lapse and Dividend Equivalent

[ insert name of company who granted the award pursuant to the long term incentive plan (LTIP) ] ( Company ) [ insert name of LTIP ] ( Plan ) Name Quantity of Shares under the Matched Award Grant Date Standard vesting date[, subject to meeting the Performance Targets] End of Holding Period This confirms that you are the holder of a Matched Award conferring the right to acquire up to the maximum number of Shares in [ insert name of Company whose shares are being granted under both invested and where relevant Matched Awards ], as detailed in the table above...

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PRECEDENTS
Template covering letter for standalone EMI option grants: UK tax schedule, disqualifying events, working time declaration, exit/exercise conditions and execution formalities

[ insert date of letter ] [ insert name of employee ] [ insert address of employee ] Dear [ insert name of employee ] [ insert name of Company ] (the Company ) I am pleased to inform you that the directors of the Company have authorised the award of an enterprise management incentives (EMI) option ( Option ) to you. Enclosed is a copy of the option agreement, which must be signed by you and the Company for the grant of the Option to become effective. The Option gives you the right to purchase [ insert maximum number and class of shares which can be exercised pursuant to the Option agreement ] shares in the Company ( Shares ) at a price of [ insert exercise price of shares ] per Share [ upon an ‘Exit’ event of the Company (which broadly means a takeover of the Company [ , an asset sale or a listing of its shares ] [ , a...

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PRECEDENTS
Standstill notification of contract award to successful tenderer: template under Regulation 87 PCR 2015 (pre-PA 2023) — England, Wales and Northern Ireland [Archived]

ARCHIVED: This Precedent has been archived and is no longer maintained. STOP PRESS: With effect from 24 February 2025, the principal provisions of the Procurement Act 2023 (PA 2023) are in force. Any procurements launched on or after that date must proceed under PA 2023, while those started under the earlier legislation (the Public Contracts Regulations 2015 (PCR 2015), the Utilities Contracts Regulations 2016, the Concession Regulations 2016, and the Defence and Security Public Contracts Regulations 2011) must continue to be run and administered under that legislation. See Practice Note: Introduction to the Procurement Act 2023—PA 2023...

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View the related Q&As about Award

Q&As
PCR 2015: Best practice for contracting authorities on making procurement documents available electronically

A well-known problem amongst procurement professionals A widely recognised headache for procurement practitioners arises from the duty in regulation 53 of the Public Contracts Regulations 2015 (PCR 2015), SI 2015/102 (PCR 2015, SI 2015/102, reg 53). It requires the ‘procurement documents’ to be accessible at the time a public contract is advertised in the Official Journal of the European Union (the Official Journal, or OJEU). In essence, contracting authorities must use the internet to provide unrestricted, complete and immediate access, at no cost, to those documents from the day a notice, issued under regulation 51, appears in the Official Journal, or from the day an invitation to confirm interest is dispatched. The issue most often raised, particularly for public procurements run under the restricted procedure (and comparable routes that involve a pre-qualification phase ahead of the award stage), is whether the invitation to tender and the specification must already be available when the contract notice is published in the OJEU. Timing this disclosure often proves challenging for contracting authorities...

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Q&As
Unprotected 2008 tenancy deposit: six-year limit from 6 May 2012

Section 214 of the Housing Act 2004 as amended Section 214 of the Housing Act 2004, as amended, allows a tenant to issue a claim against a landlord using the modified Part 8 route for monetary redress where the landlord has not safeguarded the deposit. The award must be set at between one and three times the value of the deposit. If the tenancy is ongoing, the court may direct that the deposit is lodged with a relevant scheme. Under section 9 of the Limitation Act 1980, any such claim must be started within six years from when the cause of action arose...

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Q&As
Second TDS penalty for unprotected AST deposit on becoming SPT?

This Q&A This Q&A considers how the Housing Act 2004 (HA 2004) applies to assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs) governed by the Housing Act 1988 (HA 1988). In brief, when a landlord takes a deposit for an AST, two actions are required within 30 days of receiving the funds. First, the initial requirements of an authorised tenancy deposit scheme must be satisfied in full (HA 2004, s 213(3)). Secondly, the tenant must be provided with specified prescribed information (HA 2004, s 213(5)(6)). The relevant prescribed information is set out in the Housing (Tenancy Deposits) (Prescribed Information) Order 2007, SI 2007/797. Failure to comply limits the landlord’s entitlement to serve a notice under HA 1988, s 21, and entitles the tenant to apply for an order for the return of the deposit or for its payment into an authorised scheme (HA 2004, s 214(3)), together with a financial award of not less than one, and not more than three, times the deposit’s value (HA 2004, s 214(4))...

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