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Building society meaning

What does Building society mean?
A member‑owned (mutual) financial institution that takes members’ savings and provides residential mortgage lending. In England & Wales and Scotland, the term has a statutory meaning under the Building Societies Act 1986 (as amended), which sets the mutual structure, principal purpose of making loans secured on residential property, and funding/lending limits (including that funding is predominantly from members’ shares and deposits). The Act also provides for supervision, governance by a board accountable to members, and statutory mechanisms for transfer of engagements or conversion/demutualisation to a company. In the UK, building societies are authorised and regulated for prudential and conduct purposes by the PRA and FCA. The broadly equivalent constitutive regime in Northern Ireland is the Building Societies (Northern Ireland) Order 1986 (as amended), with substantially similar concepts and practice. In Ireland, “building society” refers to bodies constituted under the Building Societies Acts 1989–2006, sharing the mutual, savings-and-mortgage focus, and regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. Usage across the UK and Ireland is consistent in practice: the term typically arises in mortgage lending, security and consumer finance documentation, regulatory permissions, corporate reorganisations and demutualisations.
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View the related Checklists about Building society

CHECKLISTS
UK SAYE (sharesave) schemes: flowchart assessing share eligibility at grant for tax-advantaged options under ITEPA 2003

A save as you earn (SAYE) scheme A save as you earn (SAYE) scheme is a tax-favoured employee share plan in which participants receive a tax-efficient option and must commit to a connected savings contract with a bank or building society. These arrangements are also commonly known as sharesave schemes, or as savings-related share option schemes throughout the market...

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CHECKLISTS
Third party debt orders under CPR 72 and FPR 33.24: applications, interim and final orders, service, third party obligations and hardship (England and Wales)

Procedural Guide This Procedural Guide explains the process for making an application under the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (CPR), in line with CPR 72 and CPR PD 72, together with the Family Procedure Rules 2010 (FPR 2010), SI 2010/2955, to enforce a liability owed to the debtor by a third party within the jurisdiction (formerly described as a garnishee order). It also provides direction on interim third party debt orders, duties of third parties, hardship payment orders, the evidence required and the range of orders the court may make and grant where appropriate. A third party debt order is an enforcement route enabling a creditor to recover sums, for example arrears of maintenance or a lump sum, from money payable and owed to the debtor by a third party within the jurisdiction. This encompasses funds held in the debtor’s name with a bank or building society. Whether a third party debt order is granted lies within the court’s discretion and will depend upon the circumstances prevailing at the time...

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CHECKLISTS
Professional negligence: scope of duty, causation and remoteness under the UK Supreme Court’s Manchester/Khan six-question analysis—practical checklist with recent case illustrations

Checklist This Checklist sets out the key considerations when judging if a professional negligence claim can properly be advanced in relation to the scope of the duty, causation and remoteness. It is aimed at deciding whether the losses alleged fall within the professional’s duty by applying the analysis model set out by the Supreme Court in its 2021 rulings in Manchester Building Society v Grant Thornton and Khan v Meadows. For comprehensive guidance on causation and remoteness in this field, see Practice Note: Causation and remoteness in professional negligence claims. Note: in Armstead v Royal & Sun Alliance, the Supreme Court rejected the Court of Appeal’s use of a six-point checklist when assessing whether a claimant car-hirer could recover sums payable to the hire company for loss of use after third-party negligence damaged the vehicle—the issue in that case did not concern the scope of duty, so a six-point checklist for deciding if recoverable losses fell within the scope of duty had no application (at para [73])...

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NEWS
Corporate Crime Weekly: sanctions challenges, sentencing changes, FCA/SFO priorities, AML reforms, and legislative, enforcement and procedural updates—21 March 2024

In this issue: Investigating criminal conduct Criminal procedure and evidence Sentencing Bribery, corruption, sanctions and export controls Consumer protection and cartels Environmental offences Financial services and pensions offences Fraud, forgery, tax and theft offences Health and safety and corporate manslaughter offences Local authority prosecutions Money laundering International Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Investigating criminal conduct Refusal to repurpose evidence in civil proceedings for criminal charging decision (WFZ v British Broadcasting Corp) The High Court has recently clarified the circumstances in which a party will be permitted to rely on witness statements outside the proceedings in which they were first served. In ongoing injunction proceedings aimed at stopping publication of a BBC investigative report into sexual abuse allegations, the court determined that the accused could not use sensitive excerpts from that report in representations to the...

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NEWS
Weekly construction law update: JCT termination decision, CLLS LoI 2024, Welsh BSA handbook, Scottish SBA Specification, expert replaced after solicitor interference, RIBA/CLC trends, JCT 2024 and BSA finance guidance

In this issue: Standard form contracts Building safety Expert witnesses Construction industry news Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Construction trackers Standard form contracts CLLS publishes 2024 edition of Letter of Intent The CLLS has released the refreshed 2024 edition of its Letter of Intent. Our commentary reviews the revisions made. See News Analysis: City of London Law Society publishes 2024 edition of Letter of Intent. Court refuses declaratory relief in JCT termination payment dispute (Shaylor v Valesecure) In Shaylor Group Ltd (in administration) v Valesecure Property Ltd (in liquidation) [2024] EWHC 750 (TCC), the Technology and Construction Court declined to issue declarations regarding the contractor’s right to payment after the termination of a JCT-based contract. In doing so, the court explored noteworthy issues of contractual interpretation, including the methodology for assessing sums owed to the contractor post-termination and the impact of an ineffective assignment by the employer. See News Analysis:...

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NEWS
UK and EU banking and finance—Land Registry, SFDR, T+1, Listing Act, PRIIPs, ISDA, MiFIR, case law and key dates: weekly update, 8 May 2025

In this issue Security Sustainable finance Debt capital markets Derivatives Regulation for derivatives lawyers Claims and remedies Daily and weekly news alerts Updated Practice Notes Useful information Security HM Land Registry has revised Practice Guide 29—Registration of legal charges and deeds of variation of charge. An update to section 4 now explains how to remove a note recorded in the charges register pursuant to section 859H of the Companies Act 2006. See: LNB News 06/05/2025 2. Source: Registration of legal charges and deeds of variation of charge (PG29). Sustainable finance The European Commission has opened a call for evidence to review the Sustainable Finance Disclosures Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (EU SFDR). The initiative targets unnecessary burdens by simplifying and streamlining obligations, including easing environmental, social and governance reporting for financial market participants so they can focus on information most relevant to investors. Responses are requested by 30 May 2025, and the feedback will guide...

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View the related Practice Notes about Building society

PRACTICE NOTES
Residential conveyancing pre-contract enquiries in England and Wales: duties of disclosure, standard and additional enquiries, reliance and misrepresentation, and DMCCA 2024 consumer protection considerations

This Practice Note examines enquiries before contract—also referred to as pre-contract enquiries, preliminary enquiries or standard enquiries—within residential conveyancing transactions. It proceeds on the basis that the parties have adopted the Law Society Conveyancing Protocol (2019) (the Protocol) and that the buyer’s conveyancer is additionally acting for a lender in line with the UK Finance Mortgage Lenders’ Handbook (the UKFML Handbook) or the Building Societies Association Mortgage Instructions (the BSA Instructions). See Practice Notes: The Law Society’s Conveyancing Protocol and Lenders' instructions—the UK Finance Mortgage Lenders' Handbook and the Building Societies Association Mortgage Instructions. Why raise enquiries? At common law, the guiding doctrine is ‘caveat emptor’—‘let the buyer beware’—so a seller has only a limited duty to disclose information about the property. It is principally for the buyer to ensure they understand what they are purchasing, including the nature of the property and any rights or liabilities that may attach to it. Accordingly, a buyer’s conveyancer raises enquiries before contract to secure information about the property...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Interpreting Pension Scheme Trust Deeds and Rules: Textual Emphasis, Key Authorities, and Practical Guidance on Amendment, Indexation, Forfeiture, Admissibility and Part 8

The general principles In an ideal scenario, the wording and provisions of contracts, deeds and other documents would be free of ambiguity, preventing misunderstanding when construing them; yet, in reality, and in practice, that is not invariably so. Consequently, the courts have fashioned methods or principles for construction and interpretation, including the interpretation of scheme deeds and rules in the pensions context. The principles governing the construction of documents are now well settled and uncontroversial. The courts’ objective is to construe documents by ‘common sense’ standards; they ultimately consider the ordinary and natural meaning of the language employed. These principles have been refined, built upon and expanded through a number of significant House of Lords and Supreme Court decisions. Judicial reasoning has built upon these foundations...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UK withholding tax on yearly interest: a practitioner’s guide to statutory exemptions, treaty relief, ceased regimes and practical compliance, including UK‑to‑UK, quoted eurobond and QPP rules

Except where an exemption or relief applies, payments of: annual interest (or amounts that tax rules treat as annual interest), and that have a UK source must be made under deduction, with the payer required to withhold and account to HMRC for UK income tax at the basic rate (20%) or, from 6 April 2027, at the savings basic rate (22%) (for more detail, see Practice Note: UK withholding tax on yearly interest). This Practice Note describes the duty to deduct (and account to HMRC for) UK income tax from UK‑source annual interest as a withholding tax, even though it is in substance a mechanism for collecting UK income tax from the UK‑based payer rather than from the recipient who: is the beneficial owner of the income, and is likely to be based outside the UK For more information on the requirement to deduct UK income tax from UK‑source annual interest, see Practice Note: Administration...

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PRECEDENTS
UK Immigration Rules Part 8: evidence checklist for child indefinite leave to remain applications, including sponsor finances, accommodation, relationship and sole responsibility

A. Documents for main applicant Evidence of the sponsor parent(s)' income and funds: Examples of suitable evidence are set out below. While a six-month span is not mandated by the Immigration Rules, it is recommended as a reasonable timeframe for demonstrating income and savings. Payslips for the previous six months (for employed persons). And/or proof of business or self-employment income for at least the last six months, such as: (a) Letter from a registered accountant for the business confirming the sponsor parent(s)’ income during that period. (b) Invoices. (c) Business accounts. Personal bank or building society statements or passbooks covering the past six months. Any accountant providing a supporting letter must be registered with an appropriate professional regulatory body. Bank or building society statements should show what has been paid in and out of the accounts for the past six months...

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PRECEDENTS
UK Representative of an Overseas Business: Extension Application—Evidence Checklist for Sole and Media Representatives and Dependants

A. Additional documents for main applicant Provide proof of ongoing employment and that you can financially support yourself and any dependants in the UK. Submit payslips and bank statements for a three‑month or 12‑month span (see comment), showing a full pay breakdown, including salary and any commission, and evidence of your financial self‑sufficiency. The most recent item must be dated within 31 days of the application. Payslips: either on company headed paper naming your employer, or printouts of online payslips. Personal bank or building society statements: either on bank stationery; ad hoc statements on the bank’s letterhead (not mini‑statements from Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs)); or printouts of electronic statements. All statements must include: your name account number statement date the financial institution’s name, contact details, and a branch code all transactions for the period Also provide proof of UK accommodation, for example a tenancy agreement or mortgage papers. Document formats may vary...

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PRECEDENTS
UK Representative of an Overseas Business: Settlement (ILR) Additional Documents Checklist, including Sole Representatives and Overseas Media Representatives

A. Additional documents for all main applicants Evidence of your employment for the previous 12 months is required. This may comprise: payslips bank statements Payslips must be either: printed on the company-headed paper that shows the employer’s name, or printouts of online payslips Your bank statements must display a complete breakdown of your remuneration, covering salary deposits and any commission. Personal bank or building society statements must be either: statements issued on bank stationery ad hoc statements produced on the bank’s letterhead (excluding mini-statements from Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs)), or printouts of electronic statements Every statement must include: your name account number date of the statement the financial institution’s name, contact details and a branch code any transactions over the period The most recent document must be dated no more than 31 days before the application. Some...

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