Powered by Lexis+®
Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom
CASE STUDY

“What I spend on my yearly subscription, equals to a day's billable hours for me not to mention time efficiency and peace of mind.”

Jai Stern

Access all documents on CfDs

CfDs meaning

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert
What does CfDs mean?
In legal practice, CfDs describes either government-backed contracts for difference used to support low‑carbon electricity generation, or cash‑settled derivatives known as contracts for difference in financial markets. Energy law (Great Britain): a CfD is a long‑term private law contract between a generator and the Low Carbon Contracts Company that stabilises revenue by paying or receiving the difference between a strike price and a market reference price. The scheme is established under the Energy Act 2013 and secondary legislation and awards are made via competitive allocation rounds. Key terms typically cover milestone delivery, metering and data, change in law, step‑in and termination rights, and security/assignment. CfDs are used for technologies such as offshore wind. The statutory scheme applies in England & Wales and Scotland; Northern Ireland, operating within the all‑island Single Electricity Market, is outside the GB CfD scheme. In Ireland, renewable support mainly operates under RESS; policy has developed two‑way difference‑style arrangements for offshore wind often described as CfDs. Financial services: CFDs are bilateral derivatives settling the difference in price movements of shares, indices, FX or commodities without transfer of the underlying. They are regulated as “contracts for differences” under the UK Regulated Activities Order (FCA rules include leverage and marketing restrictions)...
Speed up all aspects of your legal work with tools that help you to work faster and smarter. Win cases, close deals and grow your business–all whilst saving time and reducing risk.

View the related News about CfDs

NEWS
Energy regulation update for GB and EU: Ofgem, DESNZ grid connections, heat networks, smart metering, nuclear CfDs, EU 2040 target (12 March 2026)

In this issue: Key developments and materials Electricity and gas market regulation, licensing and taxation Networks and network connections Capacity Market, balancing services and energy system flexibility Nuclear energy Oil and gas International energy New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Energy resources on Lexis+® Daily and weekly news alerts Key developments and materials DESNZ announces 100 schools now have Great British Energy solar panels DESNZ confirmed that Great British Energy solar arrays are now fitted at 100 schools and colleges nationwide. By summer 2026, roughly 250 institutions will benefit through a focused deployment that gives precedence to deprived communities in the North East, West Midlands and North West, and guarantees a minimum of ten schools in each English region. Across their lifespan, these installations are expected to deliver around £220m in cumulative savings for the 250 schools and colleges, allowing funds to be redirected into teaching spaces. See:...

Read More Right Arrow
NEWS
Weekly corporate highlights: ESRS sector standards delay, FCA action on equity spread bets/CFDs crime, Rahman v Munim on stock transfers, key consultation deadlines and trackers—15 February 2024

In this issue: Corporate governance Financial services regulation Share capital Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Corporate governance Sustainability reporting standards for listed SMEs and specific sectors to be postponed The Council of the EU and the European Parliament have reached a provisional accord to defer by two years the adoption of European sustainability reporting standards (ESRS) for particular large third‑country businesses with EU turnover, alongside sector‑specific ESRS. This will modify Directive (EU) 2022/2464 (the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, CSRD). The plan is to shift publication from 30 June 2024 to 30 June 2026, giving undertakings extra time to embed the ESRS already in force and get ready for sectoral disclosures. See: LNB News 08/02/2024 32. Financial services regulation FCA outlines steps firms can take to deter equity spread bet and CFD criminality. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has issued Market Watch 77,...

Read More Right Arrow
NEWS
UK and EU environmental law update: permitting reforms, energy CfDs, ESG ratings regulation, biodiversity standards, water company performance—30 October 2025

In this issue: Air emissions and climate change Energy efficiency of products Energy for environmental lawyers Environmental disputes and proceedings Environmental information Environmental permits and consents ESG and sustainability Nature, biodiversity and habitat conservation Waste Water, flooding and drainage Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Air emissions and climate change DESNZ publishes independent review on greenhouse gas removals The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) has released the Independent Review of Greenhouse Gas Removals (GGRs), led by Dr Alan Whitehead CBE, evaluating how removal technologies could support the UK in meeting its 2050 net-zero ambition. See: LNB News 23/10/2025 6. UK ETS Authority launches consultation on aviation free allocation end and regional connectivity The UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS) Authority is currently consulting on the potential implications of ending aviation free allocation in 2026 for regional connectivity. It considers whether further action is...

Read More Right Arrow

View the related Practice Notes about CfDs

PRACTICE NOTES
Transition from Renewables Obligation to Contracts for Difference: Great Britain closure timetable, scheme choice and limited dual-support routes (archived)

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note has been archived and is not maintained. How are contracts for difference (CfD) and the renewables obligation (RO) connected? The renewables obligation (RO) is designed to stimulate investment in renewable generation. It achieves this by placing a duty on customer-facing electricity suppliers—who obtain electricity from generators, whether directly or indirectly—to procure an ever-increasing share of their wholesale supply from renewable sources. The Secretary of State (SoS) for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) determines the proportion required each period. Suppliers prove compliance by submitting renewable obligation certificates (ROCs) to the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem). New ROCs are issued solely to accredited renewable generators, encouraging suppliers to purchase renewable output (together with separately priced ROCs) from such projects, thereby delivering a degree of financial support to those developments. For further details, see Practice Note: Renewables Obligation (RO)—accreditation of renewable electricity generators [Archived]. On 31 March 2017, the RO closed to most categories of new generation. The RO will continue to...

Read More Right Arrow
PRACTICE NOTES
EU MiFID II product governance: Level 1–3 rules on target market, manufacturers and distributors, sustainability, exemptions (make-whole), reviews, and 2023 ESMA guidelines, including 2026 CFD derivatives statement

This Practice Note sets out the applicable product governance obligations under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Directive 2014/65/EU) (MiFID II) that firms must observe and comply with when designing, approving, marketing and overseeing the ongoing management of products throughout their entire lifecycle. It also summarises the relevant delegated acts adopted by the European Commission—particularly Articles 9 and 10 of Directive (EU) 2017/593 (the MiFID II Delegated Directive)—as well as the guidelines issued by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). Background to MiFID II and product governance The recast Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Directive 2014/65/EU) (MiFID II), together with the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (Regulation (EU) 600/2014) (MiFIR) (collectively, the MiFID II framework), entered into force on 2 July 2014. The bulk of the framework’s provisions largely applied from 3 January 2018. MiFID II establishes a suite of product governance requirements so that firms manufacture and distribute products in a manner that ensures they act in clients’ best interests across every stage of the lifecycle...

Read More Right Arrow
PRACTICE NOTES
Archived: 2016 energy legislation tracker from 1 September for England and Wales and the European Union

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note has been archived and is not maintained This Energy legislation tracker tool highlights significant forthcoming legislation for Energy lawyers from 1 September 2016. Entries appear in reverse chronological sequence. Measures applying solely to Wales will be marked on the tracker. The tracker is organised by jurisdiction: England and Wales European Union For legislation commencing in 2017, see: Energy legislation tracker 2017 [Archived]. England and Wales Climate Change Agreements (Administration) (Amendment and Related Provision) Regulations 2016 (SI 2016/1189) Key date: 30 December 2016 | Topics: Climate change and targets | Status: In force From 30 December 2016, the terms governing the buy-out fee for future Target Periods that must feature in Climate Change Agreements under the CCA Scheme are revised. See: LNB News 09/12/2016 117. Contracts for Difference (Allocation) (Excluded Sites) Amendment Regulations 2016 (SI 2016/1246) Key date: 15 December 2016...

Read More Right Arrow