Closed-end fund meaning

STOP PRESS: A major overhaul of the UK listing framework took effect on 29 July 2024, removing the premium and standard segments and introducing a single listing category for equity shares in commercial companies. The commercial companies category is strongly disclosure-led, with an emphasis on transparency, and sits alongside other listing categories, such as shell companies, secondary listing and closed-ended investment fund categories. A new UK Listing Rules sourcebook came into force to deliver and implement the reforms, and the previous Listing Rules sourcebook was revoked in full. For further details, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals. This Checklist reflects the regime as it stood before 29 July 2024. The allotment and issue of shares are governed by statutory rules, which vary according to the type of company proposing the allotment (private or public, listed or unlisted) and whether that company has a single class or multiple classes of shares. This checklist sets out the procedure for a listed company to allot shares and to...

STOP PRESS: A major, wide-ranging overhaul of the UK listing framework took effect on 29 July 2024, abolishing the premium and standard listing segments and introducing a unified category for equity shares of commercial companies. That commercial companies category is strongly disclosure-led and sits alongside other listing categories, including the shell companies, secondary listing and closed ended investment fund categories. A new UK Listing Rules sourcebook commenced to deliver these reforms, and the previous Listing Rules sourcebook was withdrawn at the same time. For more detail, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals for guidance. This Checklist represents the listing regime as it existed before 29 July 2024. A limited company may acquire its own shares if certain conditions set out in the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006) are satisfied under that statute. This is commonly referred to as a share buyback or a purchase of own shares. In addition to the provisions of the CA 2006, further rules and guidelines are relevant to a listed company...

This tracker outlines the consultation papers issued by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in 2013, together with notice of any later rules and guidance published. For FCA consultation papers from different years, see: FCA consultation paper trackers. For Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and Financial Services Authority (FSA) consultation papers, see: PRA consultation paper tracker [Archived] FSA consultation paper tracker [Archived] Topic area: Consumer credit; Disclosure and transparency; Supervision; Funds CP13/18: Quarterly Consultation Paper No. 3 The FCA proposed to: make small changes associated with transferring consumer credit regulation from the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) to the FCA (chapter 2) bring in an administrative fee to recover costs arising from listed issuers’ late publication of periodic financial statements under the Disclosure and Transparency Rules (DTRs) (chapter 3) broaden the ability of authorised fund managers and others to communicate with unit-holders electronically, including via website-based communications (chapter 4) revise the process for handling a waiver application...

STOP PRESS: A major overhaul of the UK listing framework took effect on 29 July 2024, removing the premium and standard listing segments and introducing a single listing category for equity shares issued by commercial companies. The commercial companies category is strongly disclosure-led and sits alongside other listing categories, namely shell companies, the secondary listing and closed ended investment fund categories. To implement the reforms, a new UK Listing Rules sourcebook came into force, and the former Listing Rules sourcebook was withdrawn. For further details and background, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals. This Flowchart sets out the listing regime as it applied before 29 July 2024, for ease of reference. You can view or print a full sized PDF version...

In this issue: Key developments and materials Electricity and gas market regulation, licensing and taxation Networks and network connections Renewable energy Air emissions, efficiency, and climate change New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Energy resources on Lexis+® Daily and weekly news alerts Key developments and materials Ofgem consults on draft second preliminary Strategic Direction Statement for industry codes Ofgem has opened a consultation on SDS-2 for energy industry codes, outlining its strategic reading of government policy and sector shifts that could drive code changes over the next one to five years. It is seeking input on the proposed policy themes, how they are allocated across the ‘Act now’, ‘Think and plan’ and ‘Listen and wait’ horizons, and whether any significant topics are missing. Ofgem also asks for views on its plan to move SDS-2 from a preliminary document to a hybrid Strategic Direction Statement following the anticipated designation of the...

Bath Racecourse Co. Ltd and others v Liberty Mutual Insurance Europe SE and others On the opening day of the hearing, counsel for companies compelled to shut during the March 2020 UK lockdown told the UK Supreme Court that the Coronavirus Job Retention Fund did not, as a matter of law, remove or reduce the liability to pay wages owed to staff. The dispute, Bath Racecourse Co. Ltd and others v Liberty Mutual Insurance Europe SE and others, is politically contentious. Its outcome will determine whether small businesses or insurers end up as the ultimate beneficiary of a portion of the £70bn of taxpayers’ money that was spent to support furloughed workers when the pandemic broke out in 2020. The case focuses on the operation of savings clauses...

Financial services developments ESMA consults on CCP collateral and investment policy standards following EMIR 3 review The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has initiated a public consultation on draft regulatory technical standards (RTS) to amend Commission Delegated Regulation 153/2013, following the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR 3) review. The call for input invites feedback on: conditions for central counterparties (CCPs) to accept public guarantees, public bank guarantees and commercial bank guarantees as collateral; criteria under which debt instruments qualify as eligible financial instruments within CCP investment policy; highly secured arrangements for emission allowances lodged as margins or default fund contributions. EMIR 3 makes permanent a broader range of guarantees eligible as collateral and extends scope to clients of CCPs that are non-financial counterparties. The consultation closes on 30 April 2026, with ESMA submitting final draft RTS to European Commission by end-2026...

STOP PRESS: A major overhaul of the UK listings regime took effect on 29 July 2024, scrapping both the premium and the standard listing segments and replacing them with a single category for equity shares in commercial companies. That commercial companies category is heavily disclosure-led and sits alongside other listing categories, including the shell companies category, the secondary listing category and the closed ended investment fund category, among others. A new UK Listing Rules sourcebook came into force to deliver these changes, and the previous Listing Rules sourcebook was revoked. For further information and detail, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals. This Practice Note reflects the regime as it existed prior to 29 July 2024. A limited company may buy back shares in itself, provided conditions set out in the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006) are satisfied, where applicable. This is known as a share buyback or a purchase of own shares. In addition to CA 2006, there are other rules and guidelines that are relevant...

CASE HUB ARCHIVED This archived case hub sets out the position as at the decision of 8 March 2022; it is no longer being maintained. For further information, see the timeline and commentary. Case facts Outline An inquiry under CA98 Chapters I and II by the CMA into alleged infringements of competition law, relating to long‑term exclusivity in the provision of electric vehicle chargepoints located on or close to motorways. Latest developments On 8 March 2022, the CMA confirmed it would accept undertakings from Gridserve. Those undertakings include the following: ceasing enforcement of exclusive rights in agreements with Extra, MOTO or Roadchef after November 2026, which at present cover about two‑thirds of motorway service areas in the UK as a whole. This means Gridserve will cut the exclusivity duration in its current contracts with MOTO by roughly 2 years and with Roadchef by roughly 4 years (the Extra contract is scheduled to end in 2026) not enforcing exclusive rights at...

The tax regime applicable to property authorised investment funds (PAIFs) applies to UK open-ended investment companies (OEICs) which: meet a number of prescribed conditions, and have notified HMRC in advance that they wish the PAIF regime to apply to them This Practice Note concentrates on the criteria that must be satisfied for the PAIF rules to apply to an OEIC in practice. As a starting point, for a top-level overview of the PAIF tax regime in its entirety, see Practice Note: Taxation of property funds—overview. Further important elements of the framework are considered in the Practice Notes: PAIFs—tax treatment of the fund and its investors and PAIFs—breaches and exit. There is significant overlap between the PAIF tax rules and the UK tax regime for real estate investment trusts (REITs) in many areas. This reflects their complementary design: the PAIF regime is tailored to open-ended vehicles investing in real estate, while the REIT regime is aimed at closed-ended vehicles with a similar purpose....

1 Reserve Fund 1.1 Definitions In this clause, the following further definitions apply: Fund Account – an interest‑bearing [ trust ] account [ opened with [ name of bank ] ] held in the Landlord’s name; Reserve Fund – a fund that the Landlord may, though is not obliged to, set up and keep from time to time to receive and hold a Reserve Fund Contribution; Reserve Fund Contribution – the sum (if any) in each Service Charge Period that the Landlord [ (acting reasonably) ] determines to be a fair annual payment by the Tenant towards the advance funding of [ providing the Services OR regularly‑recurring major items of [ the Service Costs OR service charge expenditure ] ] [ (including, but not limited to, repair, decoration, maintenance and renewal) ], and including any VAT payable where the Landlord cannot obtain a credit for that VAT from HM Revenue & Customs...

STOP PRESS: A major overhaul of the UK listing framework took effect on 29 July 2024, abolishing the premium and the standard listing segments and introducing a single listing category for equity shares issued by commercial companies. This commercial companies category is strongly disclosure-led and now sits alongside other listing categories that include shell companies, the secondary listing and the closed ended investment fund categories. To deliver these reforms, a new UK Listing Rules sourcebook entered into force and the earlier Listing Rules sourcebook was revoked. For more detailed information, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals. This Precedent describes the position under the listing regime as it stood before 29 July 2024...

1 Sinking Fund 1.1 Definitions For this clause, the following supplementary definitions shall apply: Fund Account • an interest-accruing [ trust ] account [ held with [ name of bank ] ] in the name of the Landlord; Sinking Fund • a fund that the Landlord may, but is not required to, create and maintain from time to time for receiving and holding any Sinking Fund Contribution; Sinking Fund Contribution • the sum (if any) in each Service Charge Period that the Landlord [ (acting reasonably) ] assesses as a fair annual contribution by the Tenant towards projected future costs of the [ [ major ] repair, ] renewal and/or replacement [ of the [ Property OR Building OR Centre ] AND Plant ] (including any applicable VAT to the extent that the Landlord cannot obtain a credit for that VAT from HM Revenue & Customs)...