Co-production agreements meaning

This Checklist outlines the outsourcing requirements for common platform firms in the UK, set out in Chapter 8 of the Systems and Controls Sourcebook in the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) Handbook (SYSC 8). It also captures provisions that replace Commission Delegated Assimilated Regulation (EU) 2017/565 (the UK MiFID II Organisational Regulation) from its revocation on 23 October 2025. For fuller guidance on the outsourcing rules that apply to all firms (including common platform firms), see Practice Note: Financial services outsourcing. Firms should also be aware of obligations under the UK regulatory framework for operational resilience that relate directly to outsourcing; for information, see Practice Note: Operational resilience-UK regulatory framework. Which financial services firms do the outsourcing rules apply to? The outsourcing rules described in this Checklist apply to common platform firms, including: banks building societies investment firms For a detailed definition of common platform firm, see the FCA Handbook Glossary. Dual regulated firms should also refer to the parallel rules...

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note is archived and is no longer maintained. On 31 March 2011, the European Commission (Commission) put forward, via the co-decision process, a proposal to adopt a directive on credit agreements for consumers connected to residential immovable property. Subsequently, on 4 February 2014, the European Parliament and the Council of the EU formally adopted the Mortgage Credit Directive (Directive 2014/17/EU) (MCD). Its publication in the Official Journal of the EU followed on 28 February 2014. The MCD covers first- and second-charge mortgages as well as consumer buy-to-let activity on the same basis. It sets out assumptions used to calculate the annual percentage rate of charge (APRC). A tool built on these assumptions is available to assist users (including regulators, consumers, and creditors) in working out the APRC for a particular credit. Per the Commission, the MCD seeks to establish an EU-wide mortgage credit market delivering strong consumer protection. It also aims to support a more effective internal market for mortgage lending throughout Europe across the...

Investigations into suspected breaches of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 1977 (FCPA 1977) are frequently lengthy and complex. Questions around privilege, voluntary self-reporting and cross-border dynamics must be thoroughly assessed and managed with care. This Checklist should be read alongside the Practice Note: Practical steps in a bribery investigation—UK and US perspectives. For further detail on the FCPA, see Practice Notes: US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), The US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 1977 (FCPA 1977) and Bribery Act 2010 (BA 2010) comparison table, and FCPA internal investigations and enforcement proceedings (US). Prior to investigation Lawyers should consider the following steps: Ensure the company has a robust compliance programme, backed by sufficient resources and incorporating anonymous reporting channels and whistleblowing policies. Under the US Department of Justice’s (DOJ) Principles of Federal Prosecution of Business Organisations, when deciding whether to bring charges, negotiate plea or other agreements, and determine fines, the DOJ assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of the corporation’s compliance programme at the time of...

Bayerische Landesbank and another v Ruschemalliance LLC [2024] EWHC 1822 (Comm) What are the practical implications of this case? In keeping with comparable determinations, this judgment succinctly sets out the jurisdictional thresholds and principal considerations the court applies when evaluating applications for anti‑suit injunctions. It underscores the judiciary’s practical bent and operates as a constructive illustration of inter‑court co‑ordination, projecting a clear signal where numerous contests flow from identical underlying events, even though such matters are dealt with at varying moments and tiers of the court structure. In sum, the outcome reasserts the English courts’ steadfast commitment to upholding arbitration, including in circumstances where the arbitral seat is situated in a foreign state. What was the background? In 2021, the defendant, Ruschemalliance LLC (“RCA”), a Russian entity, entered into two Engineering, Procurement and Construction agreements for the development of liquefied natural gas and gas processing plant facilities in Russia. The obligations owed by RCA’s counterparties, the German companies Linde GmbH and Renaissance Heavy Industries LLC (together,...

In this issue: Advertising, marketing and sponsorship Consumer protection Contracts Intellectual property International Sale and supply of goods Supplier management Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Advertising, marketing and sponsorship ASA rulings—17 January 2024 The Driver Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) lodged a complaint with the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) about statements on www.escooters4less.co.uk—an online seller of electric scooters—concerning e-scooters and their illegality. The ASA upheld the complaint. See: LNB News 17/01/2024 63... ASA to regulate online advertising of less healthy food and drink products Ofcom has designated the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) to regulate online advertising of less healthy food and drink products, using its designation powers under the Communications Act 2003. Ofcom is satisfied that, among other considerations, the ASA is a fit and proper body, has adequate financial resources to ensure the effective performance of the Designated Functions, and will...

More climate change, ESG-related disputes One consistent storyline set to persist through the remainder of 2024 is the rise of disputes concerning climate change, the energy transition and environmental, social and governance principles. Historically, many cross-border arbitration cases concentrated on industries such as oil and gas or mining. Experts told Law360 that, although these sectors will still generate cases, the drivers behind them are evolving as states increasingly adopt alternative energy. On one side, disagreements are expected as international oil majors move away from agreements tied to more carbon-intensive fuels. Wade Coriell, co-head of King & Spalding LLP’s global international disputes practice, links this pivot to a confluence of factors, notably the renewed emphasis within these companies on alternative energy sources, which in turn creates space for national companies from regions including the Middle East to assume control of ongoing projects. He added that many long-term deals signed by international oil companies are now reaching their end dates...

This table summarises all completed investigations by Singapore’s competition authority (the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore—the CCCS) into alleged cartels, anti-competitive agreements and abuses of dominant positions since 2018. Note—only investigations that have been made public are included in this table. 2025 Investigations under section 34 of the Competition Act Remittance services — ZGR Global; Hanshan Issues: Restrictive agreement—information exchange Developments: Decision finding infringement—31/07/2025; penalties totalling $5.36m imposed Contracting — Trust-Build Engineering & Construction Pte. Ltd; Hunan Fengtian Construction Group Co. Ltd Issues: Restrictive agreement—bid rigging Developments: Decision finding infringement—23/05/2025; penalties totalling $4.6m imposed Investigations under section 47 of the Competition Act The CCCS has not yet issued any decisions under section 47 in 2025 2024 Investigations under section 34 of the Competition Act Remittance services — ZGR Global Pte Ltd; Hanshan...

Film and TV glossary A–B Film and TV glossary E–H Film and TV glossary I–L Film and TV glossary M–P Film and TV glossary R–S Film and TV glossary T–W CAP Code for non-broadcast media The UK Code of Non-broadcast Advertising and Direct & Promotional Marketing (the CAP Code) serves as the principal framework governing non-broadcast adverts, promotional sales activity and direct marketing messages. It is drafted by the Committee on Advertising Practice (CAP), a self-regulatory body whose membership comprises organisations representing advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing and media industries. The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) polices the CAP Code and may require the withdrawal or amendment of any advertisement that contravenes these standards. Refer to Practice Note: Advertising law and regulation. Channel 4 Channel 4 operates as a ‘publisher-broadcaster’: it produces no programmes internally, commissioning content from production companies across the UK. Cinematograph film Under the Copyright Act 1956 (CA 1956), films gained protection as...

This Practice Note examines the provisions of the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1982 (CJJA 1982) that resolve questions of international jurisdiction for employment proceedings commenced on or after 1 January 2021. For a visual summary, see: Determining jurisdiction in employment disputes (1 January 2021 onwards)—flowchart. For guidance where proceedings began on or before 31 December 2020, see: Practice Note: International jurisdiction—allocating employment cases between national courts and tribunals pre-1 January 2021 [Archived] Determining jurisdiction in employment disputes (to IP completion day)—flowchart [Archived] Background Where a common law claim is brought in the courts—such as a damages claim for breach of contract or to enforce post-termination restrictions (restrictive covenants)—jurisdiction is governed by the CJJA 1982 and the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR). These rules apply to proceedings instituted on or after 1 January 2021 and replace Retained Regulation (EU) 1215/2012, Brussels I (recast) (commonly known as the Brussels 1a Regulation), and the Lugano Convention, which applied to proceedings started before the end of...

1 By this power of attorney dated [ insert date ] I, [ insert name of director ] of [ insert address of director ], being a director of [ insert company name ] (incorporated in [England and Wales] under registered number [ insert company number ]) (the Company), appoint every other director of the Company, severally, as my true and lawful attorney (each an Attorney). Each Attorney may, on my behalf and in my name or in the Attorney's name, carry out all acts, deeds and matters, and may negotiate, approve, agree to, sign, execute and deliver any deeds, contracts, agreements, documents, undertakings and assurances which, in my personal capacity or in my capacity as a director of the Company [ or any of its subsidiaries (as appropriate) ], are necessary or required, or which the board of directors of the Company or any committee thereof (the Board) considers desirable, for or in connection with: 1.1 the proposed offer to be made by the Company for...

subscription and shareholders’ agreement/investment agreement Insert new definitions: A Ordinary Shares; Board; Chair (per clause reference); Investor Consent/Investor Direction (written consent by the Lead Investor or holders of at least [75]% in nominal value of A Ordinary Shares); Investor Director; [Lead Investor]. Add a clause granting Investors the right at any time to appoint and remove non-executive Investor Director[s] and a non-executive Chair by written notice (first appointments effective on Completion), appoint alternates, disapply retirement by rotation, and secure fees of £[amount] p.a. plus VAT and expenses. Establish post‑Completion [remuneration and audit] committee[s] with casting vote rights. articles of association Add definitions for A and B Ordinary Shares, Preference Shares, Investor, Investor Group, Investor Associate, Investor Director, Investor Consent/Direction, Investor Director Interest, Group Company Interest, Co‑Investment Scheme, Confidential Information, FSMA, Fund, Lead Investor, Recognised Investment Exchange, Quotation and Sale. New articles set Board size; permit alternates; regulate meetings, quorum and remote participation; enable authorisation of conflicts and Investor Director/Group Company interests with disclosure and, if directed, A...

Overview Joint ventures cover a wide spectrum of commercial arrangements, from merger-style integrations to co-operation confined to particular functions such as production, distribution, or research and development (R&D). This questionnaire seeks sufficient detail about the joint venture’s activities to enable an initial assessment of whether it is a full-function joint venture for the purposes of the EU Merger Regulation (Council Regulation No 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings). If it is a full-function venture with an EU dimension (meaning the turnover thresholds are satisfied), the joint venture must be notified to the European Commission (the Commission) and cannot proceed until the Commission has found it compatible with the internal market. If the joint venture is not full-function and operates as a partnership that is, to a large extent, dependent on its parent companies, the establishment of the joint venture does not require notification; however, the Commission may exercise control after the fact, in light of Article 10(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union...