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Control of nuclear materials meaning

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert
What does Control of nuclear materials mean?
Control of nuclear materials describes, in legal practice, the combined operator measures and regulatory oversight used to prevent loss, theft, unauthorised use or diversion of nuclear material and to verify its location and integrity throughout its lifecycle. The expression is used across nuclear security and safeguards law rather than as a single statutory definition. (a) Operator obligations: material accountancy and monitoring; containment and surveillance (including seals and CCTV); physical protection of materials, facilities and information; access control; cyber and insider‑threat mitigation; and security of packaging and carriage during transport. (b) External verification: inspections by competent authorities to test the effectiveness and reliability of those measures, including inventory verification and records checks. In the UK (England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland), control engages nuclear security regulation (e.g. the Nuclear Industries Security Regulations 2003) and nuclear safeguards under the Nuclear Safeguards Act 2018, administered by the Office for Nuclear Regulation, alongside IAEA agreements. In Ireland, safeguards and inspections are conducted under the Euratom Treaty by the European Commission, with IAEA participation, and national regulation by the Environmental Protection Agency. Across these jurisdictions, usage is consistent: control aims to deter, detect and respond to malicious or subversive activities.
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PRACTICE NOTES
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