Count meaning

At Southwark Crown Court, Judge Sally-Ann Hales KC jailed 42-year-old Jian Wen for six years and ten months for washing money linked to an alleged scam targeting Chinese investors, remarking indeed the ex-restaurant employee 'knew what [she was] dealing with'. Hales J explained the jury needed only to be satisfied Wen suspected she was handling criminal proceeds to convict with a guilty verdict by the jury. However, she herself was absolutely certain Wen understood how the funds were produced and came about. 'They had only to be sure that you suspected this to be the case', Hales J told Wen as she passed sentence. 'I am in no doubt that you knew this was what you were dealing with.' Hales J said there was 'no degree of exploitation' in Wen's participation in the laundering scheme in this case, although she accepted Wen had been acting on directions from the alleged fraudster. Wen was sentenced for a single count of money laundering...

In this issue Designs Patents IP and technology Daily and weekly news alerts Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Designs EU design reforms prompt a portfolio review. Law360 notes that in-house IP teams should start examining their organisations’ design portfolios in light of soon-to-arrive, strengthened European design reforms to future-proof their IP approach. See: EU design reforms signal its time to review portfolios. Court of Appeal rejects appeal in design conspiracy case (Iqbal v City of Wolverhampton Council). The challenge to conviction and sentence for conspiracies involving counterfeit goods and the unauthorised copying of a design under section 35ZA of the Registered Designs Act 1949 was dismissed. The defendants received 31 months’ imprisonment on each count, to run concurrently. The Court of Appeal upheld the Crown Court’s convictions and sentences. See: [2025] EWCA Crim 498. Patents Patents Court strikes out claim against the Comptroller (Ahmad v Comptroller General of Patents). The Patents Court...

On 7 August 2024, the insurer—listed on the London Stock Exchange yet domiciled in Bermuda—confirmed the loss would be borne by both its Lloyd’s of London syndicate and its reinsurance arm within the group. The MV Dali container vessel struck the Francis Scott Key Bridge soon after its departure from the Port of Baltimore on 26 March 2024, bringing down part of the structure and leading to fatalities. Specialists now forecast it will count among the priciest marine insurance catastrophes for the market overall...

Legal validity of Wills In Scots law, a testamentary writing made after 1995 is treated as valid and self‑proving where the following requirements are met: the testator has signed every page the signing took place in the presence of a witness the witness signed the final page The absence of one or more of these features is not fatal, provided the testator did sign the document. If so, anyone with an interest (for example, an executor or beneficiary) may ask the court to ‘set up’ the writing. This can be done by summary application in the Sheriff Court, or incidentally within other proceedings, and in practice is often pursued when applying for confirmation. The burden of proof rests on the applicant, and evidence will usually be by affidavit unless the court directs otherwise. A decree has the effect of creating a presumption that the document was subscribed by the person granting it. Grant of confirmation Confirmation is the...

This Practice Note sets out how issuers make payments on debt securities to investors. It also covers day count fractions and the conventions for business days in detail. Over time, the debt securities markets have fashioned an infrastructure that enables payments on the securities to pass from issuers to holders. It accommodates differing legal jurisdictions and time zones worldwide, supports multiple currencies, and aligns with a range of payment conventions as appropriate. The arrangements for paying amounts on debt securities operate within ordinary banking systems and, in parallel, outside them through central securities depositories ( CSDs ) and custodians. For further information on debt securities market infrastructure, see Practice Note: UK Debt securities—trading, settlement and custody for reference. Payments on global securities Debt securities can in principle be held in either global or definitive form (see Practice Notes: Form of debt securities—global securities and Form of debt securities—definitive securities), although, in practice, international market issues are now invariably held in global form...

This Practice Note outlines commonly referenced medical tests found in patient medical records for personal injury and clinical negligence cases, including fluid tests, imaging, internal investigations, electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), biopsy, angiogram and genetic testing. A. Fluid tests Blood tests Full blood count—assesses haemoglobin, white cell and platelet levels. Low haemoglobin may suggest anaemia (potential internal bleeding). High haemoglobin may indicate underlying lung disease. Reduced white cell counts may point to bone marrow issues, cancer or a viral infection. A raised white cell count may imply infection or leukaemia. Low platelet levels may reflect a viral infection or an autoimmune condition. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)—may signify inflammation, such as arthritis, or other diseases, such as Crohn’s Disease. C-reactive protein (CRP)—produced by the liver; an elevated CRP indicates inflammation. Coagulation test—measures how quickly blood clots; this may indicate bleeding disorders, such as haemophilia. Blood gases test—measures levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. An imbalance can be a marker of...

Company number: [ insert number ] [ insert company name ] LIMITED Minutes of the board of directors’ meeting (the Meeting) of [ insert full name of company ] (the Company). Convened at [ insert place of meeting ] on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ]. Present: [ Insert names of the director(s) physically present ] [ Insert names of any directors present by telephone as permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by telephone) [ Insert names of any directors present by other means permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by [ insert other means ]) In attendance: [ Insert name of anyone in attendance, who does not count towards the quorum for the Meeting (eg the company secretary, any legal advisers) ] Apologies: [ Insert names of any directors...

Company registration number: [ insert company number ] [ insert company name ] [ LIMITED OR LTD ] Minutes for a meeting of the board of directors (the Meeting) of [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR Ltd ] (the Company) Held at [ insert place of meeting ] Held on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Present: [ Insert names of directors attending, in person or by any remote method (unless such methods are expressly excluded by the company’s articles of association) ] [ by [ insert means of attendance for each director joining remotely ] ] [ In attendance: ] [ [ Insert name of any person present, in person or by any remote means, who does not count towards the quorum for the meeting (eg the company secretary, any legal advisers) ] ] [...

Company registration number: [ insert company number ] [ Insert company name ] [ Limited OR LTD OR PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY OR PLC ] Record of a meeting of the board of directors (the Meeting) for [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR LTD OR PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY OR PLC ] (the Company) Convened at [ insert place of meeting ] Convened on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Attending: [ Insert names of any directors present, whether in person or by any remote means (unless such means are expressly excluded by the Company’s articles of association) ] [ via [ insert means of attendance for each director participating remotely ] ] [ Also in attendance: ] [ [ Insert name of anyone present, whether physically or through any remote means, who does not count towards the quorum for the meeting (eg the company secretary, any legal advisers) ] ] [ Apologies: ] [...

Mandatory licensing Local housing authorities (LHAs) are obliged to properly operate mandatory licensing within their area. Before 1 October 2018, only some houses in multiple occupation (HMOs) required a licence. This requirement stems from Part 2 of the Housing Act 2004 (HA 2004). Mandatory licensing covered specified HMOs, and LHAs were responsible for licensing those properties. For the up-to-date mandatory licensing rules, see Practice Note: Houses in multiple occupation (HMOs)—licensing regime. Under mandatory licensing, an HMO had to be licensed where it met the following: It comprised three or more storeys; and It housed five or more people forming two or more households. “Occupants” is not defined, so children of any age were counted towards the total number of occupants. From 1 October 2018, when the Licensing of Houses in Multiple Occupation (Prescribed Description) (England) Order 2018, SI 2018/221 took effect, the storey count ceased to be relevant to deciding whether an HMO needs a licence. From that point, all...

Contract law regulates the recoverable loss arising under a limitation of liability provision in a share purchase agreement where a warranty is breached. Warranties comprise contractual declarations or assurances concerning the state of the target company, its operations, assets and liabilities. Should a seller provide a warranty in a share purchase agreement that later turns out inaccurate, untrue or misleading, the buyer may pursue a breach of warranty claim and seek damages from the seller for losses thereby suffered by the buyer...

What comprises ‘income’ for the purpose of ss 310 and 310A of the Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986)? Section 310(7) of the Insolvency Act 1986 provides that a bankrupt’s income encompasses ‘every payment in the nature of income which is from time to time made to him or to which he from time to time becomes entitled’ [our emphasis]. Commentary indicates that, under the Bankruptcy Acts, income has been regarded as of the same genus as a salary. This should be treated as illustrative rather than comprehensive, although decisions under the former law help to show what may count as income. See Income: Schaw Miller and Bailey Personal Insolvency: Law and Practice, Chapter 14, Section O, para [14.172], which refers to income in the nature of a salary. Although no authority directly addressing the specific point has been located, the case noted below may assist. In Supperstone v Lloyd’s Names Working Party [1999] BPIR 832, Evans-Lombe J stated, obiter, that the expression ‘from time to time’ is...