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Disability related discrimination meaning

What does Disability related discrimination mean?
In practice, describes unfavourable treatment of a disabled person because of something that arises from their disability (for example sickness absence, performance shortfall, behaviour linked to a condition, or need for flexibility), rather than because of the disability itself. In England & Wales and Scotland, this corresponds to “discrimination arising from disability” under section 15 Equality Act 2010. Key features are: no comparator is required; the respondent has a defence if the treatment is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim; and liability does not arise if the respondent did not know, and could not reasonably have been expected to know, of the disability. Claims commonly arise in absence management, performance or disciplinary processes, redundancy selection, and the application of attendance or bonus policies, and are often pleaded alongside failure to make reasonable adjustments. In Northern Ireland, disability-related discrimination is governed by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (as amended). The statutory language and tests differ from section 15 Equality Act 2010; practitioners should apply the NI-specific provisions and case law. In Ireland, the Employment Equality Acts prohibit discrimination on the disability ground and require reasonable accommodation. “Disability related discrimination” is a descriptive expression rather than a defined statutory label, but is...
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NEWS
UK employment weekly: Tesco ‘fire and rehire’ injunction; NMW remit; discrimination rulings; hybrid working guidance; Asda equal pay; EAT extension; SFO and AI developments; immigration rule changes

In this edition: Employment contract Pay Protected characteristics Prohibited conduct (discrimination etc) Prohibited conduct protection at work Equality of terms (equal pay) Employment Appeal Tribunal Governance and regulatory Immigration Dates for your diary Trackers New Q&As Employment resources on Lexis+® Daily and weekly news alerts Employment contract UKSC upholds claimants’ appeal and restores injunction in Tesco ‘fire and rehire’ case In Tesco Stores Ltd v Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers (USDAW) [2024] UKSC 28, Tesco moved to end employees’ contracts to remove their ‘retained pay’—a contractual financial entitlement accepted as permanent—and to offer re-engagement on new terms excluding that pay. Working with the union, USDAW, several employees obtained a High Court injunction restraining Tesco from dismissing them in order to take away the retained pay entitlement. The Court of Appeal, however, allowed Tesco’s appeal against that order. The Supreme Court has since backed the claimants’ appeal and...

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NEWS
Menopause and employment law: tribunal claims triple as EHRC guidance and proposed reforms expand employers' obligations and exposure

Nockolds Solicitors Ltd reports that references to the menopause in unfair and constructive dismissal actions, alongside discrimination claims, have surged to more than three times previous levels, jumping from 64 in 2022 to 204 over the last year. In a statement, Joanna Sutton, a principal associate at Nockolds, noted that while employer understanding of mental health and other disabilities has improved, many workplace rules still have yet to catch up and account for the menopause as a disability. Sutton also remarked that employers are increasingly insisting staff come back to the office and increase output, placing pressure on employees...

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View the related Practice Notes about Disability related discrimination

PRACTICE NOTES
TUPE 2006 (Great Britain): Transfer of contractual and statutory employment rights, liabilities and obligations, including discrimination, pay, personal injury, share schemes, collective agreements and consultation

The Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 2006 (TUPE 2006), SI 2006/246 On a relevant transfer, TUPE 2006 effects a statutory novation of transferring employees’ contracts: the transferee steps into the transferor’s shoes. This Practice Note outlines the rights, powers, duties and liabilities that pass, and treats the transferor’s acts or omissions as those of the transferee in relation to transferring staff. For fuller guidance on: what amounts to a relevant transfer under TUPE 2006, see Practice Notes: TUPE—business transfers and TUPE—service provision changes who counts as transferring employees, see Practice Note: TUPE—transfer of employees the duty to inform and consult about a relevant transfer, see Practice Note: TUPE—information and consultation how TUPE 2006 protects transferring staff against contractual variations and dismissal, see Practice Notes: TUPE—variation of contract terms and TUPE—protection against dismissal For a checklist of employment-related liabilities that arise on a relevant transfer under TUPE 2006, and whether they pass from transferor to transferee, see: What...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Workplace harassment in England, Scotland and Wales: EqA 2010 and PHA 1997—legal tests, case law, employer and third-party issues, EHRC/Acas guidance, prevention and remedies

Harassment under the Equality Act 2010 (EqA 2010) This Practice Note examines harassment within the Equality Act 2010 (EqA 2010), meaning exposing a person to unwelcome behaviour linked to a relevant protected characteristic (race, sex etc), where that behaviour is intended to, or in fact does, undermine the victim’s dignity or produce an environment that is intimidating (eg bullying), hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive. Sexual harassment (ie unwelcome behaviour of a sexual kind with the necessary purpose or effect), and employers’ obligations to prevent sexual harassment, are addressed separately in Practice Note: Sexual harassment and the duty to prevent it. The Note also looks at the Protection from Act 1997 (PHA 1997) (see: Protection from Act 1997, below). This Practice Note includes citations to case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). For guidance on whether CJEU judgments are binding on UK courts, see Practice Note: Assimilated law—Assimilated case law. Domestic enactments that fulfil UK duties arising under EU law constitute assimilated law. For additional...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Labour employment and equality reforms tracker: Employment Rights Bill 2025, draft Equality (Race and Disability) Bill, timelines, consultations and wider workplace commitments

Practice Note This Practice Note charts the progress, scope and specifics of the employment‑related Bills signalled in the King’s Speech on 17 July 2024, setting out the Labour Government’s legislative programme, namely the Employment Rights Bill (ERB) and the proposed Equality (Race and Disability) Bill. It records the origins of the various elements within the Bills, including Labour’s new deal for working people (September 2021) and the Labour Party Manifesto 2024, and follows subsequent announcements and press releases over time, notably the policy paper Next Steps to Make Work Pay (Next Steps). The Practice Note also maps movement on other manifesto commitments of interest to employment practitioners, such as proposals to introduce a single worker status alongside a right for workers to disconnect from work outside their usual working hours. The Labour Manifesto stated that Labour’s Plan to make work pay: Delivering a new deal for working people will be implemented in full. That document contains the detailed employment‑related pledges. The provisions are presented in tables...

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PRECEDENTS
Workplace Stress and Mental Health: Employer Policy on Identification, Management, Support, Roles and Return to Work

1 Purpose and scope 1.1 The Company is dedicated to safeguarding the health, safety and wellbeing of its workforce, fostering positive mental health for all staff, and addressing the sources of stress and work‑related mental ill health. 1.2 The Company seeks to create a constructive workplace where: 1.2.1 it partners with employees to enhance the physical and mental health of everyone; 1.2.2 all staff feel confident to speak openly about mental health without fearing discrimination where it amounts to a disability, or any bullying or harassment; 1.2.3 people experiencing mental health problems have the chance to take part in the workplace. 1.3 The Company recognises workplace stress as a health and safety matter and accepts the need to identify and lessen its causes. 1.4 It also acknowledges that mental ill health may influence an employee’s performance or conduct, and that suitable support and adjustments should be considered before any formal steps such...

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View the related UK Parliament Acts about Disability related discrimination

UK PARLIAMENT ACTS
13 Direct discrimination

(1)     A person (A) discriminates against another (B) if, because of a protected characteristic, A treats B less favourably than A treats or would treat others.(2)     If the protected characteristic is age, A does not discriminate against B if A can show A's treatment of B to be a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.(3)     If the protected characteristic is disability, and B is not a disabled person, A does not discriminate against B only because A treats or would treat disabled persons more favourably than A treats B.(4)     If the protected characteristic

UK PARLIAMENT ACTS
15 Discrimination arising from disability

(1)     A person (A) discriminates against a disabled person (B) if—(a)     A treats B unfavourably because of something arising in consequence of B's disability, and(b)     A cannot show that the treatment is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.(2)     Subsection (1) does not apply if A shows that A did not know, and could not reasonably have been expected to know, that B had the disability.

UK PARLIAMENT ACTS
19 Indirect discrimination

(1)     A person (A) discriminates against another (B) if A applies to B a provision, criterion or practice which is discriminatory in relation to a relevant protected characteristic of B's.(2)     For the purposes of subsection (1), a provision, criterion or practice is discriminatory in relation to a relevant protected characteristic of B's if—(a)     A applies, or would apply, it to persons with whom B does not share the characteristic,(b)     it puts, or would put, persons with whom B shares the characteristic at a particular disadvantage when compared with persons with whom B does not share