Electronic copy meaning

The Arbitration Rules are available here. Electronic communications and virtual hearings The Rules prioritise electronic correspondence: both the Request for Arbitration and the Answer must be filed electronically, or if that cannot be done, in paper form. Where practicable, electronic filing is the default position, with paper serving as a contingency measure. Notices and communications may, inter alia, be sent by email or by any other telecommunications method, as appropriate to the circumstances at hand. Hard-copy pleadings are required only where a party expressly asks for service by delivery against receipt, registered post or courier (Articles 4(1), 5(5) and 6(6)). To promote swift and efficient proceedings, the Rules also allow for remote hearings (Article 30). After consulting the parties and considering the pertinent facts and circumstances, the arbitral tribunal may determine that any hearing be held remotely via video conference, telephone, or another suitable means of communication as circumstances require. Constitution of arbitral tribunal Under the Rules, disputes are to be resolved by a sole arbitrator...

Note: the CPRC has stopped sharing the supporting papers alongside the minutes, so this News Analysis is not accompanied by any documents clarifying the issues discussed. A copy of the minutes can be accessed here: Minutes of the Civil Procedure Rule Committee. The minutes contain several references to matters intended for a forthcoming CPR and PD update scheduled for April 2024. Please note that, after this CPRC meeting, updates to the CPR and PDs were issued (see 163rd Practice Direction update approved) with in-force dates of 1 February and 6 April 2024, LNB News 01/02/2024 82, and Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2024, LNB News 01/02/2024 37. Welcome Item 1 The Chair welcomed all present to the meeting. Item 2 The minutes of the meeting on 3 November 2023 (see News Analysis: Minutes of the CPR committee meeting—3 November 2023) were agreed and the action log was noted...

This Practice Note serves as a practical ‘how to’ for delivering a compliant B2C telephone and print direct marketing campaign, and points you to relevant materials. It distils the key principles and legal rules governing direct marketing, and explains how they affect print and telephone activity. It also offers hands-on advice on the steps and issues to weigh up before dispatching marketing mailings or placing marketing calls to consumers. Given the variety of routes available for a direct marketing initiative, different legal considerations may arise depending on the campaign’s design, the copy used, the exact media chosen and the jurisdictions in scope. This Practice Note does not cover digital forms of direct marketing, such as social media advertising, mobile and virtual advertising. For a ‘how to’ on running a compliant direct marketing campaign in a digital setting, see Practice Note: How to run a compliant direct marketing campaign—digital. What is direct marketing? ‘Direct marketing’ means the communication, by any method, of advertising or marketing material directed at...

This Practice Note sets out whether the claim form must be sealed before service within the jurisdiction of England and Wales. Does the claim form need to be sealed prior to service? Proceedings begin when the court issues the claim form (CPR 7.2(1)), which is evidenced by the application of the court seal. The CPR glossary explains that a seal is the mark placed on a document to show it has been issued by the court. When considering the seal on a claim form, note that: the court may apply the seal by hand or by printing a facsimile on the document, including by electronic means a document that appears to bear the court’s seal is admissible in evidence without further proof (section 132, Senior Courts Act 1981) General requirement—service of the original sealed claim form A claim form cannot be validly served unless the seal has been added, as confirmed by the Court of Appeal in Ideal Shopping...

Company records The Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006) imposes specific duties on companies to keep particular records. Company records cover any: register index accounting records agreement memorandum minutes other documents required by the CA 2006 (or its predecessors) register of debenture holders A company may hold its registers in paper or electronic form, so long as statutory conditions are satisfied; for instance, if stored electronically they must be capable of being reproduced as a hard copy and safeguards should exist to protect against falsification. This Practice Note focuses on keeping records of shareholders’ and directors’ meetings. For information about a company’s registers, see Practice Notes: Company records—a company’s statutory registers and Company records—a company’s non‑statutory registers. Members' resolutions and meetings Records of resolutions, meetings and decisions of the sole member All companies are required to keep: copies of all members’ resolutions passed other than at general meetings minutes...

[ insert company name ] [ LIMITED OR PLC ] (the Company) At a meeting of the Company’s board on [ insert date ], it was resolved that [ [ insert name of single corporate representative ] OR the persons named below ] are appointed as the Company’s corporate representative[ s ] [ for the shares shown next to each name ] to act for the Company [ in person or by remote electronic means ] at the annual general meeting of [ insert company name ] PLC on [ insert date ] at [ insert time ] at [ insert address ] [ , and also via the electronic facilities available through [ insert URL of virtual meeting platform ] (the Virtual Meeting Platform ) ] [ : OR . ] Name Shares [ insert name of multiple corporate representative ] — [ insert number and class of shares for which the representative is appointed ] I certify this is a...

Part 1, interpretation and limitation of liability Unless the context requires otherwise, these articles use terms defined in the Companies Act 2006 (and any amending or subordinate legislation) and within these articles. Defined terms include: address; articles; bankruptcy (including similar overseas procedures); chair and chair of the meeting (articles 13 and 30); Companies Acts; director (including anyone acting as such); document (including electronic); electronic form/means and hard copy form; instrument; member; ordinary and special resolutions; eligible director; participate; proxy notice; relevant officer (non‑auditor officers of the company or any group undertaking, present or former); subsidiary; and writing (any visible representation, including electronic) The model articles are excluded. Unless otherwise stated, statutory expressions bear the meaning they had when these articles became binding. References to legislation include any modification, re‑enactment or replacement. Singular includes plural and vice versa; masculine includes feminine and neuter; persons include corporations Each member’s liability is limited to £1, payable on a winding up while a member or within one year of ceasing, towards:...

For an overview of Irish data protection law and its principal concepts and rules, refer to Practice Note: Ireland—Data protection basics. Data Subject Access Request (Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation and Data Protection Act 2018) I am lodging a data subject access request via a third party—my solicitor (details set out below). Kindly provide my solicitor with copies of my complete medical records, in both hard copy and electronic form, inclusive of all radiology. Given these files ought to be easily located by reference to my personal data outlined below, this request is reasonable and the materials should be supplied free of charge within one month. This request is made to advance a [ civil personal injury claim ] against a third party. Appointed medical experts may rely on the records to assess my injuries and symptoms and to review any pertinent prior medical history. For the avoidance of doubt, this is a data subject access request made on my own behalf...