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Forfeiture rule meaning

What does Forfeiture rule mean?
In practice, the forfeiture rule prevents a person who has unlawfully killed another—or unlawfully aided, abetted or procured the death—from inheriting or receiving benefit arising from that death. It applies to benefits under a will, on intestacy, by survivorship of a joint tenancy/special destination, and to nominated benefits, life policies, pension death benefits and trust interests. The rule stems from public policy and case law. In England and Wales, its effect can be modified by statute: the Forfeiture Act 1982 permits the court to grant relief from forfeiture (not for murder), and the Estates of Deceased Persons (Forfeiture Rule and Law of Succession) Act 2011 treats the killer as having predeceased for succession purposes. Northern Ireland has similar statutory provisions. Scotland recognises an equivalent common‑law “slayer rule”; survivorship destinations are disapplied, and there is no equivalent general statutory discretion to grant relief. In Ireland, section 120 of the Succession Act 1965 bars a person who killed the deceased from taking any benefit and treats joint tenancies as severed. The rule is considered in probate, disputes and estate planning. Issues commonly arise with manslaughter, diminished responsibility, assisted suicide and secondary participation; specialist advice is required on potential relief and resulting devolution.
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NEWS
CPR Committee 12 April 2024: ADR consultation, clinical negligence pre‑issue FRC, email service reforms, Hague 2019 enforcement, Renters Bill impacts, REUL, and pilot and appeals updates (England and Wales)

Note: The CPRC has stopped circulating the supporting papers alongside the minutes, so this News Analysis does not include documents explaining the topics discussed. A copy of the minutes can be found here: Minutes of the CPR Committee meeting. Welcome, action log and matters arising (item 1) The minutes of the 1 March 2024 meeting were approved—see News Analysis: Minutes of the CPR Committee meeting—1 March 2024. The following points arose that were not addressed under later agenda items: E-working pilot CPR PD 51O—Master Sullivan and Chief Chancery Master Karen Shuman will undertake an initial review. As the pilot PD is scheduled to expire on 1 November 2024, the proposal is to report to the June 2024 meeting, to enable inclusion in the summer update with a possible in-force date in October 2024. E-signatures—proposed change to CPR 5.3, earlier considered at the meetings on 3 February 2023 and 12 May 2023, where drafting proposals were produced and a consultation is to be launched... ...

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NEWS
Private Client weekly: trusts, family finance, tax and insolvency: key UK cases, HMRC changes, pensions, devolved updates and international tax treaty ruling (14 August 2025)

In this issue: Trusts Spouses, civil partners and cohabitants UK taxation for Private Client HMRC Manuals revisions Tax avoidance, evasion and non-compliance Insolvency—Private Client Contentious trusts and estates Pensions, insurance and tax efficient investments Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland International Question of the week Further Private Client updates this week Daily and weekly news bulletins LexTalk® Private Client: a Lexis+® community New and refreshed content Dates for your diary Trackers Latest Q&As Useful information Trusts Insufficient evidence to establish beneficial interest (Egbuna v IJ Investments Ltd) The King’s Bench Division rejected an appeal from a possession order, concluding that merely residing in a property does not confer a beneficial interest without adequate proof of financial contributions or a shared intention, even where the circumstances may appear unfair. The dispute related to a former matrimonial home acquired by the appellant’s ex-husband in 2005, which he sold...

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NEWS
Forfeiture rule and joint bank accounts: unlawful killing, survivorship and joint tenancies under the Forfeiture Act 1982, constructive trusts, and the three-month modification period

See Q&A: H was convicted of manslaughter of W. H and W own joint bank accounts. Does the forfeiture rule apply to monies held in joint bank accounts? Section 1 of the Forfeiture Act 1982 (FoA 1982) states that the ‘forfeiture rule’ is a public policy principle that, in specified circumstances, bars a person who has unlawfully killed another from obtaining any benefit as a result of the killing. Under FoA 1982, ss 2(1) and 2(4) concern the idea of an ‘interest in property’ to which the rule applies...

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PRACTICE NOTES
2022 appeal round-up and tracker: key civil litigation decisions and forthcoming Supreme Court cases (England and Wales)

Practice Note This Practice Note consists of two strands created to help dispute resolution practitioners remain up to date with developments in case law that affect their field, or which influence civil litigation procedure more generally: selected forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court are highlighted below; see Key forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court—2022 summaries of significant appeal decisions in England and Wales (ie rulings of the Court of Appeal and Supreme Court and, where appropriate, certain judgments of the Competition Appeal Tribunal, Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Court of Justice of the European Union), and ECtHR, which we have covered; see: Key forthcoming appeal cases—2022 You can navigate this content using the table of contents in the left-hand margin. Alternatively, search this tracker using [CTRL]+[F]. This material is not intended to be a comprehensive register of every appeal or major decision relevant to dispute resolution practitioners. Key forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court—2022 Tort and negligence ...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Distribution on Intestacy in England and Wales: Entitlement, Statutory Legacy, Priority, Chattels, Matrimonial Home, Statutory Trusts, Partial Intestacy, Disclaimer/Forfeiture, Bona Vacantia

Total intestacy A total intestacy arises where none of the deceased’s estate is effectively disposed of because: no Will was made a Will was made but is invalid the Will was revoked the Will includes no disposition of the estate the Will, though valid, is ineffective, for example where the sole beneficiary died before the deceased Intestacy rules applicable on total intestacy If the deceased died intestate, Parts III and IV of the Administration of Estates Act 1925 (AEA 1925) govern: all movable property of an intestate domiciled in England and Wales, wherever that property is located all immovable property situated in England or Wales, regardless of the deceased’s domicile The intestacy provisions apply to the residuary estate not otherwise disposed of, meaning what remains once all debts are settled and any valid legacies carried out. They operate only over property that could have been the subject of a Will had...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Beneficiaries' Entitlement and Failure of Gifts under Wills: Certainty, Disclaimers, Disqualification, Witnesses, Divorce, Bankruptcy, Conditions, Lapse, Ademption and Forfeiture (England and Wales)

Failure of gifts under Will Even where a person dies leaving a validly executed Will, some legacies and testamentary gifts may not take effect. Possible reasons are: uncertainty disclaimer dissolution of marriage or civil partnership disqualification due to: undue influence or fraud forfeiture being an attesting witness the beneficiary having been adopted by a third party, altering their former legal relationship to the testator failure to satisfy a contingency lapse ademption If the residuary estate is insufficient to meet the liabilities, the legacies must be reduced—ie abate—so those liabilities can be discharged. For further detail on ademption, lapse and disclaimer, and on failure of gifts generally, see: Failure of gifts—overview, which links to more in-depth content. Working out beneficiaries’ entitlement to inherit under a Will Once it is confirmed that the Will is the testator’s final testamentary document and validly executed, and...

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PRECEDENTS
Share Incentive Plan Rules (Schedule 2 ITEPA): Eligibility, Awards, Holding Periods, Forfeiture, Trustee and Corporate Actions (England and Wales)

1 Definitions and interpretation 1.1 The terms below shall be interpreted as follows: Accumulation Period — with respect to Partnership Shares, the span during which the Trustee holds a Qualifying Employee’s Partnership Share Money before buying Partnership Shares or returning it to the employee; Acquisition Date — (a) for Partnership Shares where an Accumulation Period is in place, has the meaning given in paragraph 52(5) of Schedule 2; (b) for Partnership Shares where no Accumulation Period is in place, has the meaning given in paragraph 50(4) of Schedule 2; (c) for Dividend Shares, has the same meaning given by paragraph 66(4) of Schedule 2; Associated Company — has the same meaning as in paragraph 94 of Schedule 2; Award Date — in respect of Free Shares or Matching Shares, the date on which those Shares are granted; Award — (a) in respect of Free...

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Q&As
Headlease forfeiture and possession: effect on AST subtenancy

Under common law, the general rule is that forfeiting a headlease brings to an end any interests that flow from it, including subordinate derivative arrangements like a sub-lease...

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