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Frozen scheme meaning

What does Frozen scheme mean?
In pensions practice, a frozen scheme is an occupational pension scheme in which active membership has ceased: no further contributions are paid and no further service‑related benefits accrue. The term is descriptive rather than defined in UK or Irish pensions legislation or case law, but is widely used to denote a scheme closed to future accrual (not merely closed to new entrants). Key features and implications: - Accrued (deferred) benefits remain in the scheme and are administered and invested by the trustees. - Statutory preservation and revaluation continue to apply (e.g. under the Pensions Act 1993 in the UK and the Pensions Act 1990 in Ireland). - For defined benefit schemes, the employer may still be required to fund deficits and expenses and to comply with statutory funding and, in the UK, section 75 employer debt rules, until buy‑out or winding‑up. - For defined contribution schemes, members’ pots remain invested but no new contributions are accepted. Usage is broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland. A frozen scheme is commonly an interim position in a de‑risking or wind‑up strategy, during which transfers, retirements and benefit payments may continue in the ordinary course.
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NEWS
UK corporate crime weekly: sanctions consolidation, AML reforms, Online Safety revocations, environmental and H&S actions, SFO disclosure issues, FCA anti-fraud, FTPF and greenwashing, insolvency fraud—16 October 2025

In this issue: Criminal procedure and evidence Bribery, corruption, sanctions and export controls Consumer protection and cartels Cybercrime and data protection offences Environmental offences Financial services and pensions offences Fraud, forgery, tax and theft offences Health and safety and corporate manslaughter offences Insolvency offences and Companies Act offences Local authority prosecutions Money laundering Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Criminal procedure and evidence Email caution offers a rare glimpse into SFO record-keeping. Disclosures show a Serious Fraud Office (SFO) official urged investigators to avoid setting out case concerns in emails, highlighting how grinding disclosure disputes shaped the agency’s approach while it was under intense scrutiny over its evidence practices. See News Analysis: Email warning provides rare sight into SFO record-keeping... Bribery, corruption, sanctions and export controls FCDO issues guidance on consolidating UK sanctions lists by January...

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NEWS
Weekly financial services regulatory round-up: prudential, financial crime and sanctions, enforcement, capital markets, ESG, banking, insurance, MiFID II, consumer credit, payments, pensions dashboards, and key dates — 14 November 2024

In this issue: Prudential requirements Financial crime and sanctions Complaints, compensation and claims management Investigations, enforcement and discipline Regulation of capital markets Sustainable finance and ESG Banks and mutuals Investment funds and asset management UK MiFID II Consumer credit, mortgage and home finance Regulation of insurance FSMA regulated pensions activity Payment services and systems Financial Services Enforcement Database Daily and weekly news alerts Intraday news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Prudential requirements COREPER asked to endorse agreement on CCP concentration risk treatment After the European Parliament adopted, in April 2024, a proposal for a directive of the Parliament and the Council to amend Directive 2009/65/EC (UCITS), Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD IV) and the Investment Firms Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), the Council of the EU’s General Secretariat released an ‘I/A’ Item Note inviting the Council’s Permanent Representatives Committee (COREPER) to confirm its agreement...

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NEWS
UK, EU and international financial services—weekly regulatory, enforcement and policy update: T+1, AML/CFT, sanctions, ESG/CSRD, MiCA/MiFID, payments (instant/APP), AI—week of 16 October 2025

In this issue: UK, EU and international regulators and bodies Authorisation, approval and supervision Prudential requirements Financial crime and sanctions Consumer protection Investigations, enforcement and discipline Regulation of capital markets Regulation of derivatives Sustainable finance and ESG Banks and mutuals Investment funds and asset management UK MiFID II EU MiFID II Consumer credit, mortgage and home finance Regulation of insurance Payment services and systems Fintech and cryptoassets Regulation of AI in FS Dates for your diary Financial Services Enforcement Database Daily and weekly news alerts LexTalk®Financial Services: a Lexis®Nexis community UK, EU and international regulators and bodies EBA publishes annual report on supervisory convergence for 2024 The European Banking Authority (EBA) has issued its 2024 annual report on the convergence of supervisory practices across the EU. The paper outlines EBA’s initiatives to enhance consistency of supervision among Member States, spanning all...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Customer information orders under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002: applicants, thresholds, procedure, and financial institutions’ duties, variation and offences

Customer information orders When an appropriate officer serves a customer information order on a financial institution under section 363 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (POCA 2002), that institution is obliged to disclose any ‘customer information’ it holds about the named individual. The material must be supplied to an appropriate officer in whatever form, and by whatever deadline, that officer specifies; for further details, see below: Effect of an order. For these purposes, a financial institution is any person carrying on business in the regulated sector, or someone who has ceased to conduct such a business. An order may direct all such institutions, or only a chosen group of them, to comply. The scheme applies to: confiscation investigations civil recovery investigations exploitation proceeds investigations money laundering investigations It does not apply to: detained cash investigations detained property investigations frozen funds investigations cryptoasset investigations...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Section 75 employer debts in defined benefit schemes: triggers, calculation, ECEs, grace periods, frozen schemes, apportionment/withdrawal and deferred debt arrangements, transfer deductions and restructurings: guide for junior pensions lawyers

This guide is chiefly for trainees, newly qualified lawyers and anyone unfamiliar with pensions law. A key area is the legislation on section 75 debts (also referred to as employer debts or statutory debts), which is found mainly in: sections 75–75A of the Pensions Act 1995; and supporting regulations, in particular the Occupational Pension Schemes (Employer Debt) Regulations 2005, SI 2005/678 (the Employer Debt Regulations) The employer debt regime primarily concerns employers participating in defined benefit (DB) occupational pension schemes. In very limited cases it can extend to defined contribution (DC) schemes, although those scenarios are not covered in this note. Broadly, the rules allow a non‑priority liability to arise, owed by an employer (or multiple employers) to an underfunded DB scheme, when a ‘section 75 triggering event’ occurs. Triggering events There are three triggering events: when an employer participating in a DB scheme experiences an ‘insolvency event’, or when the trustees of the pension scheme make an...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Final salary link in defined benefit schemes: identification, Courage-style fetters, statutory revaluation underpin, active membership, section 75 employer debt, section 67 restrictions, and winding‑up

Employers running final salary pension schemes, a form of defined benefit arrangement, have sought to curb financial exposure, with many reshaping benefits, shutting to new joiners or halting future accrual. Even where future accrual stops (a ‘frozen’ scheme), members may still keep a link to their final salary. If that link remains, and pay rises are subdued, a member’s deferred, revalued preserved pension can end up higher than anticipated compared with having no final salary link, which may lessen or even eliminate the expected impact of the employer’s liability reduction plans. This Practice Note looks at the meaning, preservation and consequences of a final salary link. For issues triggered by closing a defined benefit scheme to future accrual, see Practice Notes: Closing a pension scheme to future accrual—employer considerations and Closing a pension scheme to future accrual—trustee considerations. What is a final salary link? Ordinarily, when a member of a final salary scheme ceases active membership because they leave their employer’s service, or they exercise their statutory...

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