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Full Function Joint Venture meaning

/fʊl/ /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n/ /dʒɔɪnt/ /ˈvɛntʃə/
What does Full Function Joint Venture mean?
In legal practice, a full‑function joint venture is a jointly owned and jointly controlled business established by two or more parent undertakings to operate on a standalone basis as an autonomous economic entity. It has sufficient resources of its own (management, staff, assets and finance), makes day‑to‑day commercial decisions independently, and is not created merely to perform a single ancillary function for its parents. It is established permanently, or for a sufficiently long period, to bring about lasting changes to market structure. In competition and merger control, the term is defined and applied in EU law (EU Merger Regulation and the Commission’s Consolidated Jurisdictional Notice). In the UK, while the Enterprise Act 2002 does not use the expression, the CMA applies a substantively similar test in its guidance when assessing whether the creation of a jointly controlled JV constitutes a relevant merger situation. In Ireland, the CCPC applies the EU‑derived concept under the Competition Act 2002. Practically, if a JV is full‑function and jurisdictional thresholds are met, its creation is reviewed under merger control rather than the prohibitions on anti‑competitive agreements. Usage is broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland.
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View the related Practice Notes about Full Function Joint Venture

PRACTICE NOTES
EU merger control and FSR: jurisdictional thresholds, control test, full‑function JVs, referrals, procedure, standstill and penalties (2023–2026 developments)

NOTE—to see whether notification thresholds in the EU and throughout the world are met, see further: Where to Notify. 1. Have there been any recent developments regarding and are any updates/developments expected in the coming year? Are there any other ‘hot’ issues? As of 12 January 2023, Regulation 2022/2560 on Foreign Subsidies (FSR) came into force. With this instrument, the Commission aims to tackle potential distortions to competition within the EU arising from significant financial support granted by non-Member States. The FSR imposes compulsory notifications for concentrations and public procurement procedures that cross specified thresholds, and also authorises the Commission to open ex-officio inquiries into foreign subsidies in other settings. For mergers, from 12 October 2023, the FSR requires a separate, standalone filing—on top of any required merger control notification—for deals meeting the following criteria: (i) the target, joint venture, or at least one merging party is established in the EU and achieves an aggregate EU turnover of no less than €500m; and (ii) all...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Joint Ventures under the EU Merger Regulation: Full‑Function Tests, Turnover Thresholds, Spill‑over Risks, Ancillary Restraints and Simplified Notification

Joint ventures Companies often use joint ventures to break into markets and to create new offerings and products. How these arrangements are treated under EU competition law turns on whether a concentration arises and if the EU merger control regime is triggered and applicable. Under the EU merger rules, the notion of joint control means many joint ventures constitute notifiable concentrations by virtue of the concept. Consequently, care must be taken in assessing and addressing them under the EU Merger Regulation (EUMR), including how they should be analysed and dealt with. The EUMR treats as a concentration any case in which one or more enterprises gains control over another enterprise. By their nature, joint ventures involve two or more parent companies either jointly buying an existing business or pooling resources and expertise to set up a new company. Such transactions may produce a deadlock (amounting to de facto joint control) or, far more typically—especially where a new venture is created—contain detailed governance provisions for the joint venture set out...

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PRACTICE NOTES
European Commission merger control: DEMB/Mondelēz/Charger Opco coffee JV—Phase II conditional clearance with commitments (Carte Noire, Merrild divestments; Senseo rebranding licence—Austria), 5 May 2015 (Case M.7292)

CASE HUB ARCHIVED – this archived case hub reflects the position as at the decision date of 5 May 2015; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline Case facts Overview of the European Commission’s merger probe into setting up a full‑function joint venture uniting DE Master Blenders with Mondelēz International’s coffee operations. The Commission referred the deal to a phase II review on 15/12/2014. Approval was granted, subject to commitments, on 05/05/2015. Parties Douwe Egberts Master Blenders 1753 B.V. (DEMB) is a Netherlands‑based coffee and tea company. It supplies coffee and tea across Europe, Brazil, Australasia and Asia, and owns brands including L'Or, Douwe Egberts, Senseo and Merrild. DEMB also runs coffee houses in the Netherlands. Its parent is Acorn Holdings B.V. (AHBV), a Dutch company owned by an investor group led by JAB Holding Company s.a r.l. Mondelēz International Inc. (Mondelēz) is a US‑based global snacks company. Its products include biscuits, chocolate, sweets, cheese, grocery items, powdered beverages, chewing gum and...

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PRECEDENTS
EU Merger Regulation: Full-Function Joint Ventures—Practitioner Guide, Assessment Questionnaire and Notification Guidance

Overview Joint ventures cover a wide spectrum of commercial arrangements, from merger-style integrations to co-operation confined to particular functions such as production, distribution, or research and development (R&D). This questionnaire seeks sufficient detail about the joint venture’s activities to enable an initial assessment of whether it is a full-function joint venture for the purposes of the EU Merger Regulation (Council Regulation No 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings). If it is a full-function venture with an EU dimension (meaning the turnover thresholds are satisfied), the joint venture must be notified to the European Commission (the Commission) and cannot proceed until the Commission has found it compatible with the internal market. If the joint venture is not full-function and operates as a partnership that is, to a large extent, dependent on its parent companies, the establishment of the joint venture does not require notification; however, the Commission may exercise control after the fact, in light of Article 10(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union...

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