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Gardening leave meaning

What does Gardening leave mean?
Gardening leave is the period during which an employer requires an employee who has given or received notice to stay away from work while remaining employed, paid and subject to contract. During garden leave the employee usually must be available, observe duties of fidelity and confidentiality, not contact clients or colleagues, return company property, and not work for a competitor or start a new role. It is not a statutory term; it is a contractual device recognised in case law and used consistently across England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland. Its purpose is to protect confidential information, client connections and team stability, and to allow an orderly handover. Lawfulness and enforceability generally depend on an express garden leave clause. Imposing it without contractual authority risks breach of contract and may undermine later attempts to enforce restrictive covenants. Any restriction must be reasonable in scope and duration, and courts may grant or refuse injunctive relief accordingly. Pay, benefits and holiday usually continue under the contract; entitlement to bonus and share awards depends on plan rules. It differs from suspension (investigation) and payment in lieu of notice (which ends employment). Post-termination restrictions are assessed alongside any garden leave already served.
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View the related Practice Notes about Gardening leave

PRACTICE NOTES
When termination payments are taxed as earnings under ITEPA 2003: PILONs, PAYE and NICs

Depending on the facts, a sum paid or a benefit given on the termination of an office or employment can be taxed in full, taxed in part, or, in limited cases, be wholly exempt. For a summary of the potential tax treatments of termination payments, see Practice Note: Termination payments and tax. The starting point for any termination sum is to consider whether it is chargeable, on basic principles, as earnings from, or an emolument of, an office or employment under section 62 of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 (ITEPA 2003) or instead falls within other provisions of ITEPA 2003 that deem specified categories of termination payments to be earnings. For instance, since 6 April 2018, ITEPA 2003, s 402B has treated non-contractual payments in lieu of notice (PILONs) as earnings for tax purposes under UK law...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UK tax/NICs treatment of PILONs before 6 April 2018: contractual, discretionary and implied terms, gardening leave, damages and the £30,000 exemption

ARCHIVED : This Archived Practice Note sets out the pre‑6 April 2018 tax treatment of payments in lieu of notice. For the tax position applying to such payments where employment ends on or after 6 April 2018, see Practice Note: Taxation of payments in lieu of notice (PILONs) and post‑employment notice pay (PENP). Historically, the tax (and National Insurance contributions (NICs)) treatment of payments in lieu of notice (PILONs) has been a particularly intricate area. These are payments made in place of the amounts due for an employee’s or a director’s period of notice. Because of the complexity and the resulting uncertainty, the tax treatment of PILONs changed fundamentally from 6 April 2018. In broad terms, from that date all PILONs, whether paid under an implied or express contractual PILON provision, or not, are fully taxable and subject to employer's NICs...

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