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Hotchpot meaning

What does Hotchpot mean?
In legal practice, hotchpot describes bringing earlier receipts into account so that a later distribution is shared fairly among those entitled. In insolvency and bankruptcy (England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland), the hotchpot principle prevents a creditor from double or multiple recovery. A creditor who has realised value elsewhere—such as from security or from distributions in a foreign or related proceeding—must give credit for that amount before sharing in dividends, ensuring equality of distribution (pari passu). This is a descriptive expression applied by the courts and reflected in insolvency legislation and rules in each jurisdiction. In succession and trusts, hotchpot refers to treating prior benefits (for example, an advancement to a child or beneficiary) as brought into account on an intestate or trust distribution, so shares are equalised. In England & Wales and Northern Ireland this effect arises under intestacy legislation; in Ireland it appears under the Succession Act 1965; in Scotland a broadly comparable concept is collation (alongside legal rights), though “hotchpot” is less used. Practically, hotchpot requires disclosure and evidence of prior receipts to allocate entitlements and prevent overpayment.
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View the related Practice Notes about Hotchpot

PRACTICE NOTES
Hotchpot (equality rule) in insolvency: English law, EU Recast Regulation and UNCITRAL Model Law (CBIR): secured carve-outs, concurrent proceedings and practical guidance

Hotchpot rule of domestic English law The hotchpot doctrine has long formed a settled element of domestic English law. In essence, it obliges a creditor to give credit for sums recovered in another jurisdiction, whether through court action or otherwise, before sharing in any dividend in English insolvency. Where the rate it has achieved overseas outstrips the percentage payable to other creditors in the English process, it is barred from taking part in the dividend distributed in England. The Privy Council, in Cleaver v Delta American Reinsurance (in liquidation), encapsulated the rule as requiring a creditor to 'bring into the common fund what he has received abroad'. It also made clear that the rule has no application to property that never entered the common fund (eg secured assets). In Cleaver, a secured creditor (the letter of credit meant he was secured in substance) was entitled to realise his collateral, set the proceeds against the indebtedness, and lodge a proof in the English liquidation for any remaining shortfall. He was...

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PRACTICE NOTES
A-Z glossary of UK corporate restructuring and insolvency: key terms, procedures, enforcement and cross-border issues

This glossary sets out numerous expressions frequently encountered in the restructuring arena. Words appearing in the definitions in bold are explained in other entries in this glossary. For further banking terminology, see the principal Banking & Finance Glossary. Restructuring glossary—A Acceleration: Acceleration means the agent, acting on directions from the majority lenders after an event of default, takes formal action, for example calling for early repayment of the facility. Ad-hoc committee: A temporary creditors’ group (often contrasted with a formal committee) that lacks any entitlement to official recognition. Administration: A process under the IA 1986 in which a financially distressed company is operated by an administrator as a going concern before longer-term outcomes, such as break-up and sale, are pursued. Administrator: An Insolvency Practitioner named by the court, a Qualifying floating charge holder, the directors or the company, to take control and fulfil one of the purposes in IA 1986, Sch B1. Administrative receivership: Arises when a company breaches the terms of...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Comprehensive glossary of UK restructuring and insolvency terms, covering Companies Act schemes, Part 26A plans, IA 1986 processes, and cross‑border concepts including COMI, UNCITRAL and assimilated EU rules.

This glossary sets out numerous expressions regularly encountered in the restructuring & insolvency sphere. Words shown in bold within definitions are themselves explained in other entries in this glossary as well. A Article X The MLIJ contains a single provision named Article X, aimed at jurisdictions that have already implemented the MLCBI, like England, or are weighing its adoption. Article X states: ‘Not withstanding any prior interpretation to the contrary, the relief available under [insert a cross-reference to the legislation of this State enacting Article 21 of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency] includes recognition and enforcement of a judgment’ (see Practice Note: UNCITRAL model law on recognition and enforcement of insolvency-related judgments (MLIJ): Article X). Asset-backed security (ABS) A form of security anchored by asset pools, for example loans, leases, and credit card receivables. Assimilated law From 1 January 2024, ‘retained law’ has been retitled ‘assimilated law’. The body of domestic law originally arising from EU obligations, created by the European...

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PRECEDENTS
Will clause precedent: hotchpot—children to bring into account lifetime gifts when dividing the residuary estate; applies to life interests and substitutionary beneficiaries

Having already transferred money or property to several of my children absolutely I therefore require the children named below to collate into hotchpot, on the division of my Residuary Estate, the respective amounts specified, namely: [ name of child ] the sum of £[ sum ] [ name of child ] the sum of £[ sum ] [ name of child ] the sum of £[ sum ] [ I further stipulate that where any such child is granted, under this Will, a life interest only in a share of my Residuary Estate and, under the provisions of this Will, some other person or persons shall by substitution take the share in my Residuary Estate originally given to that child, the sum required to be brought into account by that child shall be brought into account both against that child and against all persons with an interest in that share. ]...

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