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Interim dividend meaning

What does Interim dividend mean?
A dividend paid to shareholders during a financial year, before the company’s annual results are finalised. In UK and Irish company practice, companies commonly pay an interim dividend followed by a final dividend; the interim is usually smaller. The term is descriptive rather than defined in legislation, but interim dividends are “distributions” regulated by company law. In England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, the Companies Act 2006 permits dividends only out of distributable profits (distributable reserves) and requires them to be justified by relevant accounts, which mid‑year will typically be interim accounts. The Irish Companies Act 2014 contains equivalent rules. Listed and private companies use interim dividends to return earnings and manage cash flow between year‑ends. An interim dividend is ordinarily declared by the board, not by shareholders. Unlike a final dividend (usually declared by members on the directors’ recommendation), an interim dividend generally does not create a debt to shareholders until paid, so the board may vary or cancel it before payment if circumstances change, for example where available profits or prudence considerations are in doubt. Usage and legal effect are broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland.
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View the related Flowcharts about Interim dividend

FLOWCHARTS
Interim dividend—private company: board authorisation and payment flowchart

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NEWS
UKUT upholds FTT: Duomatic agreement and waiver meant no enforceable interim dividend debt in 2015–16; payment arose later for tax (HMRC v Peter Gould)

HMRC v Peter Gould [2024] UKUT 285 (TCC). Peter Gould (PG) and Nicholas Gould (NG) were the principal shareholders of Regis Group (Holdings) Ltd (Regis). On 31 March 2016, the board, which included PG and NG, approved an interim dividend of £40m. NG received his distribution in the 2015-16 tax year. PG’s amount, relating to the same share class, was paid in 2016-17, when he was not UK resident. HMRC contended that, for income tax purposes, PG should be regarded as having received his interim dividend at the same time as NG, that is, when he was still UK resident. A dividend is taxable in the tax year in which it becomes a debt that is due and payable...

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NEWS
UK Private Client weekly update: probate and burial reform, trusts/bankruptcy, Court of Protection treatment, HMRC tax developments, SDLT, Inheritance Act costs, Companies House penalties, devolved updates (10 October 2024)

In this issue: Probate Trusts Court of Protection UK taxes for private clients Spouses, civil partners and cohabitants HMRC Manuals updates Tax avoidance, evasion and non-compliance Family enterprises and ownership models Pensions, insurance and tax-efficient investments Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland International Question of the week Additional Private Client updates this week Daily and weekly news alerts LexTalk® Private Client: a Lexis+® community New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Latest Q&As Useful information Probate Law Commission launches consultation on burial and cremation laws The Law Commission has opened a consultation to modernise burial and cremation law, parts of which are more than 170 years old. Draft proposals cover regulation of burial grounds; grave re-use and reclamation; closed and disused burial sites, and exhumation; rights afforded to the Commonwealth War Graves Commission; and cremation law. Feedback is invited from the public, specialists...

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NEWS
UK tax weekly briefing for lawyers: corporation tax, employment status and PAYE, income tax and MTD, SDLT and LTT, EIS, Scottish aggregates tax, litigation and HMRC manuals—10 October 2024

In this issue: Companies and corporation tax Employment taxes Individuals and income tax Real estate tax Taxes management and litigation Incentivised investment Energy and environment International Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Companies and corporation tax DCMS announces Independent Film Tax Credit, with accompanying Regulations made The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) has confirmed an uplift in tax relief for independent film productions. Under the Independent Film Tax Credit, projects with budgets up to £15m can claim a 53% relief on qualifying spend, while those costing up to £23.5m access a tapered rate. To be eligible, a production must feature a UK writer or director, or hold certification as an official UK co‑production. Principal photography must begin on or after 1 April 2024, with only expenditure incurred from that date eligible for relief. The Corporation Tax (Certification as...

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View the related Practice Notes about Interim dividend

PRACTICE NOTES
Unlawful dividends under the Companies Act 2006: recovery by insolvency office-holders, director/shareholder liability, statutory relief and procedure (England and Wales)

A recurring scenario is that payments are made on account of dividends during a financial year, with the expectation of declaring a dividend at the year end. If the company fails, there are then no distributable profits from which a dividend can be declared and the on‑account payments, often treated as loans, are recoverable. In private companies, directors/shareholders are frequently advised to adopt this approach as a tax‑saving measure... When can dividends be declared? Under Part 23 of the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006), distributions may only be made to members out of profits available for that purpose. A company’s profits available for distribution are its accumulated, realised profits, so far as not previously applied by distribution or capitalisation, less its accumulated, realised losses, so far as not previously written off in a reduction or reorganisation of capital... The amount of profits available for distribution is determined by reference to the company’s last annual accounts, subject to two exceptions: where the distribution would breach...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Financial reporting continuing obligations for UK listed companies: DTR 4 and FCA Listing Rules on annual/half‑yearly reports, prelims, dividends, governance, dissemination and iXBRL

STOP PRESS: A major overhaul of the UK listing regime took effect on 29 July 2024, including scrapping the premium and standard listing segments and introducing a single listing category covering equity shares in commercial companies. That commercial companies category is strongly disclosure‑led and sits alongside other listing categories, namely the shell companies, secondary listing and closed ended investment fund categories. To implement the reforms, a new UK Listing Rules sourcebook came into force and the previous Listing Rules sourcebook was revoked. For further information, see Practice Note: Reform of the UK listing regime—fundamentals. This Practice Note describes the regime prior to 29 July 2024. It gives a general overview of a listed company’s financial reporting obligations as regards financial reporting under the Listing Rules and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules (DTR). These obligations are in addition to a company’s general legal obligations as regards accounts and reports in its home jurisdiction...

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PRACTICE NOTES
EU compatibility of the UK CFC regime: Cadbury Schweppes, Vodafone 2, CFC and Dividend GLO, and the 2006–2013 reforms

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note has been archived and is not maintained. This Practice Note sets out: the overarching concept of controlled foreign company (CFC) rules the UK’s CFC regime before its reform (ie from 2013) the application of EU rules to the UK’s CFC regime via the cases of Cadbury Schweppes, Vodafone 2 and the CFC and dividend GLO how EU principles could apply to the UK’s new CFC rules What are controlled foreign company rules? CFC rules are anti-avoidance measures adopted by countries concerned that domestic companies might artificially move profits to companies situated in low-tax jurisdictions...

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PRECEDENTS
Shareholder dividend waiver deed template (interim, final or special) with execution provisions for private limited and public limited companies

The Directors, [ Insert name of company ] [ Limited OR PLC ], company number [ insert company number ] (the Company), [ Insert registered office of company ], [ Insert date ] To: The Directors Waiver of dividend[s] [ I OR We ], [ insert name ] of [ insert address or registered office ] [ and [ insert name ] of [ insert address or registered office ] ], [ am OR are ] the [ joint ] registered holder[s] of [ insert number of shares ] [ insert class of shares ] shares of [ insert nominal value ] each in the capital of the Company (the Shares)...

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PRECEDENTS
Board minutes precedent: approving or recommending an interim, final or special cash dividend by a private company limited by shares (Companies Act 2006)

Company registration number: [ insert company number ] [ insert company name ] [ LIMITED OR LTD ] Minutes for a meeting of the board of directors (the Meeting) of [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR Ltd ] (the Company) Held at [ insert place of meeting ] Held on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Present: [ Insert names of directors attending, in person or by any remote method (unless such methods are expressly excluded by the company’s articles of association) ] [ by [ insert means of attendance for each director joining remotely ] ] [ In attendance: ] [ [ Insert name of any person present, in person or by any remote means, who does not count towards the quorum for the meeting (eg the company secretary, any legal advisers) ] ] [...

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