London Convention 1972 meaning

International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973 as modified by the 1978 and 1997 Protocols (MARPOL) Parties As at December 2017: MARPOL or its Annexes I and II—155 parties; Annex III—147 parties; Annex IV—141 parties; Annex V—152 parties; Annex VI—89 parties. Refer to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) status of conventions for further detail. Adopted 2 November 1973 Entry into force Annex I—2 October 1983 Annex II—6 April 1987 (major revision entered into force 1 January 2007) Annex III—1 July 1992 (major revision entered into force 1 January 2010) Annex IV—27 September 2003 Annex V—31 December 1988 Annex VI—19 May 2005 Full text MARPOL and the ‘How to do it guide’ can be purchased from the IMO in print or via an online subscription (‘Marpol on the Web’). Subject Marine pollution, marine conservation MARPOL MARPOL is the principal global treaty addressing the prevention of pollution of...

Oversight of UK decommissioning policy and its delivery sits with the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ). Formed on 7 February 2023, DESNZ assumed the energy remit of the former Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), which has now been dissolved, including its responsibilities for decommissioning. Any mention of ‘BEIS’ in this practice note refers to the department’s former functions. Although the UK issues policy documents, a substantial portion of the regime is driven by the UK’s commitments under international law. International Law—installations The 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf (Geneva Convention) was the first treaty to set out the law of the sea, and it remains the only convention that expressly mentions the ‘removal’ of installations. The United Kingdom gave effect to the Convention domestically in 1964 through the Continental Shelf Act 1964 (CSA 1964), which vested in the Crown all rights exercisable in designated areas beyond territorial waters concerning the seabed and subsoil in those zones. Today, two core international conventions...

OSPAR The OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic 1992 (OSPAR) is an international agreement rooted in the 1972 Oslo Convention against dumping and the 1974 Paris Convention, which expanded Oslo's scope to land-based marine pollution and the offshore sector. Those two instruments were later consolidated and developed through OSPAR, which further extended their combined reach. In 1998, a biodiversity and ecosystems annex was agreed to cover non-polluting human activities capable of harming the sea. For further details, see Practice Note: Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR)—snapshot. OSPAR deals with every source of contamination of the marine environment and the harmful impacts of human activities on it, applies the precautionary principle, and enhances regional co-operation through co-operative regional action across the North-East Atlantic region...