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Materially distort the economic behaviour meaning

What does Materially distort the economic behaviour mean?
In practice, this describes an effect on the average consumer where their ability to make an informed choice is appreciably impaired so that they take a transactional decision they would not otherwise take. It is a statutory concept: defined in the UK consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 and in Ireland’s Consumer Protection Act 2007 (both implementing the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive). It sets the threshold for the general prohibition on unfair commercial practices and underpins misleading actions, misleading omissions and aggressive practices. The impairment must be significant enough to change the decision that the average consumer (or the average member of a targeted group) would make. Examples include buying a product they would not have bought, paying a higher price, or not exercising cancellation/withdrawal rights when they otherwise would. The assessment is contextual and objective, considering the presentation, timing and sufficiency of information. A practice that does not, or is unlikely to, affect the economic behaviour of average consumers is unlikely to be unfair under the general prohibition. Usage and the legal test are broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland. UK courts may have regard to retained EU case law; CJEU authority remains binding in Ireland.
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NEWS
CJEU clarifies ‘average consumer’, information duties, aggressive or misleading practices, and national measures under the UCPD in cross-selling loans and unrelated insurance (Compass Banca v AGCM)

Compass Banca SpA v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, Case C-646/22, ECLI-EU-C-2024-957 What are the practical implications of this case? The Court of Justice reiterates that the average consumer is reasonably well-informed, reasonably observant and circumspect. As a result, the assessment of commercial practices must focus on a notional, typical consumer. This is an objective yardstick, uninfluenced by any specific knowledge or information held by particular individuals. Nevertheless, the Court of Justice acknowledges that such a practice may still materially distort the economic behaviour of that notional consumer where there is a lack of information on his or her part. Accordingly, traders are under a duty to ensure consumers are fully informed about the implications of their actions, enabling decisions taken with complete awareness of all pertinent facts. In practical terms, this may require the inclusion of clear and unambiguous informatory notes within advertisements, contracts, and similar documents. While this enhances the protection afforded to the targeted consumers, the Court of Justice clarifies that...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Archived: Contravening professional diligence under CPUTR 2008—elements, recklessness, corporate liability and unavailable defences (pre‑6 April 2025)

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note is archived and no longer maintained. From 6 April 2025, the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008, SI 2008/1277, are revoked and replaced by the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 (DMCCA 2024). However, CPUTR 2008, SI 2008/1277 continues to govern any conduct that occurred before 6 April 2025. For guidance on contravening professional diligence under DMCCA 2024, see Practice Note: Contravening professional diligence under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024... The offence of contravening professional diligence The offence of contravening professional diligence is a criminal offence within the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008, SI 2008/1277 (CPUTR 2008). See Offences under the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 [Archived]. Regulation 3 prohibits unfair commercial practices. A commercial practice is unfair where it, among other things: fails to meet the requirements of professional diligence; and materially distorts, or is likely to materially distort, the economic behaviour of the average consumer regarding the product ...

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