Microwave band meaning

In telecoms practice, the microwave band describes radio‑frequency spectrum from roughly 1 GHz upwards (commonly 1–30 GHz), used for terrestrial point‑to‑point and point‑to‑multipoint links (fixed service/backhaul and fixed wireless access) and certain satellite or broadcasting feeder links. It is a descriptive expression rather than a defined statutory term; regulators allocate and licence particular bands within this range. Key legal features include spectrum licensing, frequency assignment and coordination to prevent interference, equipment conformity, and site and planning rights for antennas and dishes. In the UK (including Northern Ireland), Ofcom licences microwave spectrum (for example 6, 7, 13, 18, 23 and the E‑band 71–76/81–86 GHz) under the Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006, with some light‑licensed or licence‑exempt use (such as 57–71 GHz) subject to technical conditions. In Ireland, ComReg applies a similar framework under the Wireless Telegraphy Acts 1926–2009. Typical users are electronic communications providers (including mobile network backhaul), broadcasters and media distributors, fixed wireless access providers, utilities and other private operational fixed users. Usage and legal treatment are broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland, though specific licensing terms, fees and band plans differ.