Non-lawyer owner meaning

Checklist Use this Checklist when assessing online advertising terms and conditions, where a publisher (the owner of a website, app or other digital platform) sells advertising space on its platforms to advertisers (brands or advertising/media buying agencies acting for those brands) on a direct basis (Programmatic Direct). Where appropriate, this Checklist may operate as the starting point for straightforward, non-binding heads of terms. For direction on preparing these, see Precedent: Heads of terms—commercial contracts. For a specimen set of a publisher’s standard terms, see Precedent: Online advertising terms and conditions. As you work through the Checklist, the third column can be used to note observations or comments. Employ it to record notes while progressing through each item. Further information Notes (if any) Parties ☐ Verify each party’s legal status and whether the advertiser will contract in its own capacity or via an advertising agency. In some situations an advertiser will enter into the agreement itself; in others, it may appoint an...

Except where an exemption or relief is available, payments of yearly interest that have a UK source (including amounts that tax legislation treats as payments of yearly interest) must be made under deduction, with the payer required to account to HMRC for an amount in respect of UK income tax at the basic rate (20%) or, from 6 April 2027, at the savings basic rate (22%). Although often called a withholding tax, it is in fact simply a means, in practice, of collecting UK income tax. While the tax is imposed on the interest received by the non-UK beneficial owner, it is recovered from the UK-based payer of the interest. For further detail, see Practice Notes: UK withholding tax on yearly interest and Exemptions and reliefs from UK withholding tax on yearly interest. This Flowchart assists in determining whether the quoted eurobond exemption applies to a payment of interest, so that the payer need not withhold UK income tax from that payment in question. For more information on the quoted...

ARCHIVED: This flowchart has been archived and is not maintained. These flowcharts were produced to help identify whether an asset counts as excluded property for UK inheritance tax (IHT) on or after 6 April 2017. From 6 April 2025, a new framework came into force, replacing domicile as the primary test for an individual’s IHT exposure with the concept of long‑term residence. The reforms also adjusted the criteria for when trust property falls within the scope of excluded property... From 6 April 2025, assets held in trust qualify as excluded property only where: they are non‑UK situs assets, and the settlor is not a long‑term resident of the UK at the point a potential IHT charge arises For more information, see Practice Note: New IHT regime from 6 April 2025—FAQs. The flowcharts consider whether an asset is excluded property by reference to the location (situs) of the property and, where relevant, the domicile of the beneficial owner or settlor...

The Court of Appeal ruled that the insurers, among them Allianz and AXA, must pay Delos Shipholding SA, owner of the Win Win, after the vessel anchored in Indonesian waters and was then held for a year. In a written judgment, Justice Stephen Males said a panel of three justices dismissed the insurers’ case that the policy excluded liability for the ship’s arrest. The court found that the exclusion addressing detentions for customs or quarantine reasons did not extend to the vessel’s arrest following a sudden shift in Indonesian Government policy. According to Males J, the insurers’ reading of the exclusion seriously undermines the policy wording, treating it as though it captured any detention under any regulation unrelated to actual or impending hostilities, and thereby making the reference to customs or quarantine regulations redundant...

On 12 February 2024, Mr Justice Lionel Persey KC dismissed Hamsard One Thousand and Forty-Three Ltd’s action against AE Insurance Brokers Ltd. He identified multiple flaws in Hamsard’s case, citing evidential gaps and inadequate pleading of certain matters. Persey concluded that AE bore no liability to Hamsard for any breach of the duty to act as a competent broker. The policy at issue related to premises in Smethwick, West Midlands. Fusion Insurance Services Ltd voided the cover in 2014 after alleged non-disclosure that Hamsard’s directors had links to previously failed companies. The judgment also records that Hamsard failed to notify that the occupant, Incanite Foundries Ltd, entered administration in 2014. According to the decision, Hamsard’s owner, Mark Beresford, and AE director, Simon Rees, had collaborated since the late 1990s; Rees had arranged cover for Feldaroll Foundry, a business formerly owned by Beresford. When Feldaroll entered administration in 2008, Beresford’s subsequent venture, Surecast Alloys Ltd, acquired its operations. Surecast later went into creditors’ voluntary The court emphasised missing evidence and poor...

In this issue: Social housing Education Planning Local government finance Public procurement Governance Healthcare Social care Licensing Environmental law and climate change LexTalk®Local Government: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Social housing Local authority successful in Court of Appeal on suitability of accommodation offered in performance of prevention duty (Fatolahzadeh v LB of Barnet) Fatolahzadeh v LB of Barnet saw Genevieve Screeche-Powell represent the council, which prevailed in resisting a Housing Act 1996 (HA 1996), section 204 appeal pursued by a homeless applicant. Two central issues of principle arose: (i) whether Parliament intended that an alleged non-compliance with the ‘new’ HA 1996, s 189A duties should automatically vitiate any later decision taken to meet the duty to secure suitable accommodation; and (ii) the extent to which the section 202 review procedure can rectify asserted shortcomings. This marks the first occasion on which the Court...

People with significant control (PSC) regime The architecture of the people with significant control (PSC) regime, which first commenced on 6 April 2016, is contained in Part 21A of the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006). Its purpose is to tackle worries about the lack of transparency in corporate ownership, where historically the register captured only the legal holder of shares, not always the beneficial owner. By requiring a PSC register, more precise and up‑to‑date details are available about who ultimately owns and directs companies and other bodies, and this information is made public via the central register at Companies House and remains accessible to the public. It assists prospective investors in their decision‑making. It likewise aids law enforcement bodies with money laundering enquiries. LLPs formed under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000 must keep a record of persons with significant control over the LLP under the Limited Liability Partnerships (Register of People with Significant Control) Regulations 2016, SI 2016/340 (the LLP Regulations), as amended by the Information about People...

Taxation regime What factors determine tax liability in your jurisdiction (eg domicile, residence or citizenship)? Türkiye’s tax landscape is intricate, operating through numerous laws, regulations, communiqués and subsequent amendments. The key legislative instruments include: Tax Procedure Law No. 213 (10 January 1961) Corporate Tax Law No. 5520 (21 June 2006) Value Added Tax Law No. 3065 (2 November 1984) Stamp Tax Law No. 488 (11 July 1964) Income Tax Law No. 193 (6 January 1961) Broadly, the Turkish Tax System is considered under three headings: (i) income taxes, such as individual income tax and corporate income tax; (ii) taxes on expenditure, including Value Added Tax (VAT), the Banking and Insurance Transactions Tax and Stamp Tax; and (iii) taxes on wealth, for example Property Tax and Inheritance and Gift Tax. For natural persons, residency, ownership of property and citizenship are key in determining which taxes apply in Türkiye. An individual’s tax burden is mainly linked to their earnings,...

Except where an exemption or relief applies, payments of: annual interest (or amounts that tax rules treat as annual interest), and that have a UK source must be made under deduction, with the payer required to withhold and account to HMRC for UK income tax at the basic rate (20%) or, from 6 April 2027, at the savings basic rate (22%) (for more detail, see Practice Note: UK withholding tax on yearly interest). This Practice Note describes the duty to deduct (and account to HMRC for) UK income tax from UK‑source annual interest as a withholding tax, even though it is in substance a mechanism for collecting UK income tax from the UK‑based payer rather than from the recipient who: is the beneficial owner of the income, and is likely to be based outside the UK For more information on the requirement to deduct UK income tax from UK‑source annual interest, see Practice Note: Administration...

I, [ name ], of [ address ], do solemnly and sincerely state that: [ I have worked for [ name of owner ] (‘the Owner’) for [ number ] years. During the past [ number ] years I have occupied the role of [ description ]. I am completely familiar with the matters addressed in this statutory declaration. OR I am [ a partner in OR employed by ] [ name of firm ], a practice of [ chartered ] surveyors which, since [ date ], has been continuously engaged by [ name of owner ] (‘the Owner’) to [ manage and act as agent OR collect the rents and other income and pay the outgoings OR [ other ] ] for the Owner in connection with the Property (as defined below). I have personally [ carried out AND/OR supervised ] that work since [ date ]. I am thoroughly acquainted with the matters addressed in this statutory declaration. ] The Owner is the [...

£ [ insert number ] [ insert rate ]% convertible [ subordinated ] redeemable loan notes 20[ insert year ] [ insert name of issuer ] Dated [ insert day and month ] 20[ insert year ] Parties [ Insert name of issuing company ], incorporated in England and Wales under number [ insert company number ], whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the Issuer) Background The Issuer has determined to create up to a maximum nominal amount of £[ insert number ] [ insert rate ]% convertible [ subordinated ] redeemable loan notes, to be constituted as set out in this document...

[ insert address of trade mark proprietor ] Our ref: [ insert reference ]Your ref: [ insert reference ] [ insert address of recipient ][ insert date ] Dear [ insert name of recipient ] Authorisation to use registered trade marks: [ insert details of trade marks at issue ] We are the owner of the registered trade marks listed in Schedule 1 to this letter (the Trade Marks). For clarity, in this letter agreement (the Agreement) we refer to ourselves as we. Further to your request dated [ insert date ] to use the Trade Marks in [ insert territory ] (the Territory), we confirm our permission for such use by [ insert name of requesting party ] (you), on the basis set out in this Agreement as follows: 1 Authorisation to use [ From the date of this letter OR From [ insert effective date ] ] we grant you a non-exclusive, non-transferable, [ royalty free, ] [ fully paid-up, ]...

If a lease was granted at undervalue, you are the 3rd owner, and you knew it was at undervalue, if creditors ask for an order returning the property to the original owner you cannot claim relief? Transactions at an undervalue (TUVs) are regulated by the Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986). The relevant provisions are: sections 238, 240 and 241 of the IA 1986 for companies sections 339 to 342 of the IA 1986 for individuals These powers are available to trustees in bankruptcy, liquidators (in both compulsory and voluntary liquidations), and administrators. They permit the office-holder to review dealings made by the insolvent person or company in the lead-up to insolvency and to assess whether assets should be recovered for the insolvent estate. In particular, an order under: section 241 of the IA 1986 (for companies), or section 342 of the IA 1986 (for individuals) cannot be made against the other party to a...

Interim possession order (IPO) An interim possession order (IPO) is a remedy that can be sought solely in relation to trespassers, and non-compliance—by not vacating the premises within 24 hours—constitutes a criminal offence (Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s 76). This extends to anyone who departs and then returns (CJPOA 1994, s 76(4)). Procedural requirements for applications are set out in CPR 55.21–28...

Legal ownership of a property in England and Wales as joint tenants Holding legal title to a property in England and Wales as joint tenants means each proprietor owns the undivided whole, and if one dies, the survivor automatically becomes the sole owner (and where there are more than two legal owners, the successively smaller number of survivors does so, until only one remains). This is called the doctrine of survivorship. No transfer takes place and the co-owner’s interest does not form part of their estate; rather, that interest is extinguished. Legal joint tenants who co-own hold the property’s beneficial interest on trust for the beneficial owners. The starting position is that the legal joint tenants are also the beneficial owners in the ordinary course of ownership...