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Payment service meaning

What does Payment service mean?
In legal practice, “payment service” describes regulated activities that place, transfer or withdraw funds, or initiate or acquire payment transactions. The term is defined in the UK Payment Services Regulations 2017 (retained EU law implementing PSD2) and in Ireland’s European Union (Payment Services) Regulations 2018. Usage is broadly consistent across the UK and Ireland. Examples include: card payments; cash deposits to and withdrawals from ATMs and over the counter; executing direct debits (including one‑off direct debits); transfers of e‑money; credit transfers (standing orders, bacs/BACS, Faster Payments, CHAPS; and in Ireland/EEA, SEPA credit transfers and direct debits); money remittance; operating payment accounts; issuing payment instruments; acquiring payment transactions; and open banking payment initiation and account information services. It does not cover: point‑of‑sale cash‑back; cash paid directly between payer and payee without an intermediary; payments made solely via commercial agents; bureaux de change/currency exchange; or purely technical/IT services that support payments without holding client funds or controlling payment accounts. Classification determines authorisation and registration routes, safeguarding of customer funds, conduct‑of‑business standards, and user rights and dispute remedies.
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View the related Checklists about Payment service

CHECKLISTS
Consultancy agreements: UK drafting and negotiation checklist—employment status, IR35, IP, data protection, service levels, payment, liability, insurance, TUPE and insolvency

This Checklist This Checklist identifies the principal terms to weigh up within a consultancy agreement. It draws attention to points affecting the customer, matters impacting the consultant, and considerations shared by both sides for incorporation into a consultancy agreement. The Checklist supports both consultant and customer as they assess and bargain over a consultancy agreement, effectively guiding review and negotiation throughout the process. See also: Taking instructions for a consultancy agreement—checklist...

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CHECKLISTS
Construction advance payment bonds: drafting and negotiation checklist covering breach and insolvency triggers, demand procedures, caps, expiry, assignment, notices and governing law and jurisdiction

This checklist outlines matters to weigh up when preparing and agreeing an advance payment bond for a construction project. See also Practice Note: Advance payment bonds. Parties Where a party has its registered office outside England and Wales, it may need to nominate a service address within England and Wales. Consider carefully before accepting a surety located outside the UK and, where relevant, verify the surety is properly authorised to issue bonds in the UK. Always include company registration numbers so companies can be identified in the future. The relevant contract Set out the full particulars of the building contract and the works to which the advance payment bond applies, as appropriate...

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CHECKLISTS
UK B2B Services Agreements Negotiation Checklist: Customer, Supplier and Balanced Positions Across Key Clauses

Introduction This checklist sits alongside the more detailed Practice Note: Negotiation guide—services agreements. It serves as a quick-look aide and concentrates on the principal, generic points that commonly surface across most forms of services agreement. It leaves out certain specialist matters addressed in Practice Note: Negotiation guide—services agreements that tend to arise only in particular categories of services arrangements or those of greater complexity (eg acceptance testing, audit rights, TUPE, step-in rights, benchmarking and exit assistance). It sets out the customer’s and the supplier’s optimal stances for each topic, then offers a proposed middle-ground position (which is not intended to be comprehensive). For deeper analysis and explanation of each point, refer to Practice Note: Negotiation guide—services agreements. For balanced precedent contracts, which implement much of what is explored here and in the negotiation guide, see Precedents: Services agreement—one-off supply—balanced, Services agreement (ongoing supply)—balanced and Framework services agreement—single contract with call-off orders—balanced. This checklist is relevant only to business-to-business dealings in commercial practice...

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FLOWCHARTS
Service of a Claim Form Out of the Jurisdiction: Step-by-Step Flowchart for Cross-Border Service

This diagram outlines the concluding payment procedure under JCT Standard Building Contract 2016 (With Quantities, Without Quantities, and With Approximate Quantities). Refer also to Practice Note: JCT contracts—price and payment...

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FLOWCHARTS
CPR-Compliant Service of the Claim Form: Step-by-Step Flowchart (England and Wales)

ARCHIVED: This flowchart is archived and no longer supported. It portrays the final payment process within the JCT Design and Build Contract 2011. Refer also to Practice Note: JCT contracts—price and payment as well...

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NEWS
Dispute Resolution Update: CPR PD 174 mediation, DCP guidance, key costs rulings, insolvency cross-claim injunctions, police duty of care, UKSC Rules 2024, BHP litigation, diary dates—24 October 2024

In this issue: Key DR developments Claims and remedies Costs and funding Cross-border disputes Injunctions Civil appeals New content Dates for your diary Useful information Daily and weekly news alerts Key DR developments CPR updates 174th Practice Direction update effective 5 November 2024: The Master of the Rolls and the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Justice have authorised the 174th Practice Direction (PD) update to the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR). The changes take effect at 11am on 5 November 2024. This PD update amends CPR PD 51ZE (Small Claims Track Automatic Referral to Mediation Pilot Scheme) and CPR PD 51R (Online Civil Money Claims (OCMC) Pilot Scheme), expanding the obligation to engage in integrated mediation in civil matters to money claims submitted via the OCMC service. For more information, see: LNB News 22/10/2024 127—174th Practice Direction update—in force 5 November 2024. Court guidance Damages Claims Pilot under CPR PD 51ZB—updated guidance:...

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NEWS
UK corporate crime update: court backlogs, POCA disclosure orders, sanctions/OFSI changes, DUAA 2025, FCA Woodford, HSE reviews, AML developments and prosecutions—2 October 2025

In this issue: Criminal procedure and evidence Proceeds of crime Appeal and judicial review Sentencing Bribery, corruption, sanctions and export controls Cybercrime and data protection offences Environmental offences Financial services and pensions offences Food safety and hygiene offences Fraud, forgery, tax and theft offences Health and safety and corporate manslaughter offences Local authority prosecutions Money laundering International LexTalk®Corporate Crime: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Criminal procedure and evidence Court delays soar as backlogs break records Between April and June 2025, the criminal courts in England and Wales amassed an unprecedented caseload of almost 440,000, with incoming matters exceeding disposals and a system hampered by long-standing funding shortfalls. In response, the Ministry of Justice (MOJ), together with The Rt Hon David Lammy MP, confirmed extra resources to accelerate outcomes for...

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NEWS
Construction law update: TCC Sunday deadline ruling, HRB gateway updates, PAP reform, UKSC digital portal, investment treaty award upheld, CIS change for traffic management, SBCC 2025 pricing, sector news

In this issue: Contract law Building safety Litigation Arbitration Tax for construction lawyers Standard form contracts Construction industry news Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Construction trackers Contract law Employer deemed out of time in issuing a notification on the Monday after a Sunday deadline (My Contracts v 74 Hamilton Terrace) In My Contracts Ltd v 74 Hamilton Terrace Freehold Ltd [2024] EWHC 2896 (TCC), the TCC issued a declaration at the contractor’s request concerning the construction of a clause that imposed a deadline for the employer to notify costs for which the contractor was responsible. The court concluded the employer missed the deadline by serving the notice on the Monday immediately after the final day for service, which had fallen on a Sunday. Central to the decision was that the clause made no provision for the period to be calculated by reference to ‘Business Days’. See News Analysis: Employer...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Service charges in Scottish commercial leases: disputes, lease interpretation, RICS Service Charge Standard, and remedies

What is a service charge? A service charge is a sum a tenant may have to pay to a landlord under a commercial lease to reimburse the landlord for services they provide in connection with the common parts and for the upkeep of the property. Commonly, this applies where multiple tenants occupy one property, for example a shopping centre, and the landlord looks after the communal parts of the building for everyone’s benefit. In most contemporary leases the tenant pays the service charge on account, before the landlord incurs the expenditure, calculated from an estimate of the next year’s costs. At the close of the accounting period a reconciliation is prepared and any shortfall or surplus is settled by or to the tenant. Sometimes, earlier forms of lease stipulate that the landlord must meet the outlay first. For more detail on service charges ordinarily charged to tenants of multi-occupied buildings by commercial landlords in Scotland, see Practice Note: Service charge and outgoing provisions in commercial leases in Scotland. ...

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PRACTICE NOTES
UK VAT Penalties: Civil (Default Surcharge Pre-2023 and FA 2021 Late Submission/Payment), Fraud, Inaccuracies, Mitigation, Reasonable Excuse and Criminal Offences

This Practice Note outlines when someone can become liable to a VAT-related penalty. A person charged with a VAT penalty may have a right of appeal; for guidance on appeal rules, see Practice Note: Appealing an HMRC decision. Civil penalties There are two broad types of civil penalties: those arising from failure to meet basic compliance obligations, and those stemming from more serious conduct or omissions This Practice Note highlights the principal penalties in each group; for a comprehensive list, consult the further reading link to De Voil Indirect Tax Service [V5.332]. Civil penalties are issued by HMRC through assessment; for general information on assessments, see Practice Note: VAT assessments. Penalties for basic compliance failures Penalties apply where a taxpayer does not meet core VAT compliance duties, including: breach of regulations made under VATA 1994. These regulations set out detailed collection and payment rules, so most administrative mistakes are covered. Failure to carry out specific obligations,...

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PRACTICE NOTES
School fees and educational expenses: court orders, applications under MCA 1973/CPA 2004 and Schedule 1 Children Act 1989, and CMS variations (England and Wales)

Practice Note This Practice Note sets out guidance on the court’s authority to order periodical payments and/or lump sums covering school fees and other educational or training outgoings. It outlines the steps to be taken in matters involving parents who are or have been married or in a civil partnership, as well as in situations where the parents have never been married or in a civil partnership, and prescribes the process to follow. Significant limits apply to the court’s ability to make periodical payment orders for a child where the Child Maintenance Service (CMS) has, or would have, competence to carry out a maintenance calculation. Even so, the court still has power to direct that a parent, or any person who has treated the relevant child as a child of the family, must pay or contribute towards the expense of a child receiving instruction at an educational institution, or undertaking training for a trade, profession, or vocation (whether or not in paid work). Most frequently, such directions concern the...

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PRECEDENTS
Service Charge Reserve Fund Clause Precedent for Leases: Contributions, Fund Account/Interest, Landlord Obligations, Shortfall, End of Term, Assignment, Insured Damage, ADR

1 Reserve Fund 1.1 Definitions In this clause, the following further definitions apply: Fund Account – an interest‑bearing [ trust ] account [ opened with [ name of bank ] ] held in the Landlord’s name; Reserve Fund – a fund that the Landlord may, though is not obliged to, set up and keep from time to time to receive and hold a Reserve Fund Contribution; Reserve Fund Contribution – the sum (if any) in each Service Charge Period that the Landlord [ (acting reasonably) ] determines to be a fair annual payment by the Tenant towards the advance funding of [ providing the Services OR regularly‑recurring major items of [ the Service Costs OR service charge expenditure ] ] [ (including, but not limited to, repair, decoration, maintenance and renewal) ], and including any VAT payable where the Landlord cannot obtain a credit for that VAT from HM Revenue & Customs...

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PRECEDENTS
Precedent ET3 defence—redundancy: response to unfair or wrongful dismissal, selection and consultation, trade union automatic unfair allegations, redundancy pay and interim relief (Employment Tribunals: England, Wales and Scotland)

Insert in para 6.1 of response form ET3: It is [ accepted OR not accepted OR denied ] that the Claimant was employed by the Respondent [ at its [ insert details, eg London office ] ] as [ insert job title, eg an electrician ] from [ insert date ] until [ his OR her OR their ] dismissal on [ insert date ]. It is [ accepted OR denied ] that the Respondent is [ insert brief description of the nature of the Respondent, eg a nationwide property maintenance service ]. For the reasons set out below, the Respondent denies that the Claimant was unfairly [ and/or wrongfully ] dismissed, as alleged or at all. [ It is further denied that the Respondent [ insert details of any other claims, eg automatically unfairly dismissed the Claimant under section 152 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (TULR(C)A 1992), automatically unfairly selected the Claimant for redundancy under section 153 of TULR(C)A 1992,...

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PRECEDENTS
Buyer-side pensions warranties for business sale: buyer to provide future benefits only, no past service transfer; precedent addressing TUPE, disclosure, compliance, liabilities and disputes

This precedent has been produced on the basis that the drafter is acting for the buyer. The following warranties have been prepared for a transaction where: The Buyer will provide pension benefits through its own arrangement or via an appointed provider; and Employees’ past service benefits will not be transferred to the Buyer’s arrangement. You are strongly advised to involve a pensions specialist at the earliest opportunity. 1 Definitions For the purposes of paragraphs 2 to 7 inclusive: Employee means [ [specify as necessary, either by category or by named individuals ]; Pension Scheme [ s ] mean [ s ] [ [ name(s) of scheme(s) ] OR an arrangement or practice for the payment of, or contribution towards, an annuity, pension, lump sum, gratuity or similar benefit to be given on retirement, long-term ill-health or death, or pursuant to a pension sharing order, in relation to the service or historic service of an Employee or any other person, or...

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Q&As
Is child maintenance ever linked to contact where PWC prevents it?

The statutory formula for child maintenance under the Child Support Act 1991 (CSA 1991) The statutory formula for child maintenance under the Child Support Act 1991 (CSA 1991) does not link the amount payable to whether the paying parent has contact with the children, other than insofar as the shared care rules operate. Under CSA 1991, s 3(5), it is recognised that, for the purposes of the Act, there can be more than one person with care in relation to the same qualifying child. The Child Support Maintenance Calculation Regulations 2012, SI 2012/2677, reg 46(2), further provide that any calculation must be grounded in the number of nights the non-resident parent is expected to care for the qualifying child overnight during the 12 months commencing on the effective date of the relevant calculation decision. The Child Maintenance Service (CMS) retains a discretion to take into account a shorter timeframe where appropriate in making that assessment...

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Q&As
Copyhold Acts entry on title—do manorial rights still bind?

During the medieval period, the manor’s lord allowed local people to occupy and farm open land on the estate in return for payment (in cash or in kind, for example tithes and corn rents) or services (ie labour or military service). Moreover, the lord of the manor also kept certain rights over the land. Such manorial rights were annexed to the lordship (ie the title ‘lord of the manor’), rather than to the manor land. A full catalogue of these rights appeared in Schedule 12, paragraphs 5 and 6 of the Law of Property Act 1922 (now repealed). That list is, however, conveniently reproduced in HM Land Registry Practice Guide 66—Overriding interests losing automatic protection in 2013, within that guidance document for reference...

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Q&As
s.81 CRAR subtenant notice: waiver of headlease forfeiture; 21‑day re‑accrual

A landlord of commercial premises let under a lease may invoke the mechanism in Schedule 12 to the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 (TCEA 2007) to recover rent due from the tenant under that lease. This mechanism is known as commercial rent arrears recovery (CRAR) (TCEA 2007, s 72(1)). When TCEA 2007 commenced on 6 April 2014, CRAR supplanted the landlord’s former common law right to distrain, which from that date was abolished (TCEA 2007, s 71). TCEA 2007, accordingly, provides a complete statutory code defining the scope of the landlord’s remedy where rent on commercial premises is outstanding under the CRAR regime. If a tenant leaves rent unpaid, the landlord may serve a notice on any subtenant specifying the sum it is entitled to recover under CRAR (TCEA 2007, s 81). That notice takes effect after 14 clear days have elapsed from service (TCEA 2007, s 81(5) and the Taking Control of Goods Regulations 2013, SI 2013/1894, reg 53)...

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