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Professional indemnity meaning

What does Professional indemnity mean?
Professional indemnity describes the insurance legal practices and other professionals maintain to cover civil liability to clients and third parties for negligence, breach of duty and related claims, usually including defence costs. In legal services it is a descriptive term rather than a statutory definition; its scope is set by regulators’ rules and the policy wording. Across the UK and Ireland, solicitors’ firms and many other regulated legal services providers are required to maintain professional indemnity insurance (PII), but the mechanism and minimum terms differ. In England and Wales, the SRA’s Indemnity Insurance Rules and Minimum Terms and Conditions require authorised firms to obtain PII from participating insurers on a claims‑made basis, with specified minimum limits and mandatory run‑off on closure. In Scotland, compulsory primary cover is provided through the Law Society of Scotland’s Master Policy, with optional top‑up. In Northern Ireland, the Law Society of Northern Ireland operates a comparable Master Policy regime. In Ireland, the Law Society’s PII Regulations require firms to maintain claims‑made cover meeting prescribed minimum terms, including run‑off arrangements. In practice, PII underpins risk management, client protection and contractual requirements (for example, engagement terms and panel appointments), and entails prompt notification of claims and circumstances.
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View the related Checklists about Professional indemnity

CHECKLISTS
Professional indemnity insurance: insurer checklist for assessing notifications of claims or circumstances, cover triggers, exclusions, conditions, other insurance and reserving

ARCHIVED: This checklist has been archived and is not maintained. Insured party name Name Prospective claimant name Name Policy reference Policy number Policy term Policy period Earlier policies Previous policies Date of notification Date Is the person or entity making the notice on the policy schedule, or in the proposal?...

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CHECKLISTS
Property purchase due diligence: post-completion review checklist for construction contracts, consultant appointments, collateral warranties, third-party rights, reports and guarantees (England and Wales)

This Checklist outlines the principal contractual points within a bundle of construction documents that a construction lawyer should review and report on for a prospective buyer of a property or development. It should be read alongside: Construction due diligence for property purchase-initial review of construction package-checklist. After reviewing the documents and raising enquiries, the purchaser’s construction lawyer will also need to produce a report on the construction documents, see Precedent: Report on construction documentation. The issues below proceed on the basis that construction at the relevant property has been completed. Accordingly, there is no need to scrutinise terms governing the running of the contract during the build, such as payment provisions; these are only relevant where a buyer is acquiring while works are ongoing and step-in rights are being offered. Building contracts Identity of contractor – Confirm the contractor continues to exist and carry out a financial check (for example via Dun & Bradstreet) to ensure it is financially sound. Date of contract –...

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CHECKLISTS
SRA successor practice: scenarios, due diligence, PII and run-off checklist for law firm mergers, acquisitions, closures and transfers (England and Wales)

For law firms For law firms, whether you are considering a merger, taking over another practice, disposing of the business or winding it up, the successor practice provisions are almost invariably engaged in such scenarios. You must give careful thought to these rules and their effect on the deal, at every stage, as outcomes are frequently truly surprising, costly and, in the end, can pose intolerable risks for either party or, indeed, both. Grasping the ramifications of your proposals is essential. When the parties collaborate, it is often feasible to reduce exposures enough and in good time to allow a deal to move forward that might otherwise collapse. As ever, knowledge is power. Seldom will buying any element of a legal practice not result in the purchaser becoming a successor practice—you are generally safest to presume that is so. Section 1 aims to outline circumstances in which a successor practice is liable to arise. If you think your arrangement can sidestep creating a successor practice, for example by taking...

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View the related News about Professional indemnity

NEWS
Survey: Insurers may exit solicitors’ PII as SRA minimum terms restrict aggregation after Discovery Land, driving higher premiums and prompting reform calls in England and Wales

The survey gathered input from 14 of the 28 insurers listed by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) for the 2024 indemnity year. Conducted anonymously via Qualtrics and in partnership with the International Underwriting Association, it found that 38% of respondents foresaw potential difficulties at renewal, although the exact tally was not provided. Browne Jacobson reported that solicitors began considering leaving the PII market after the Court of Appeal’s January 2024 decision in Discovery Land Co LLC and others v Axis Specialty Europe SE. The firm noted that the ruling heightened worries about tightly drawn aggregation of claims under the SRA’s minimum terms and conditions, which influence the limit of indemnity. Ed Anderson, a partner at Browne Jacobson who deals with PII, ...

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NEWS
Personal Injury and Clinical Negligence Weekly Update (England and Wales): Supreme Court in Armstead and Paul; CPR 36 not for Solicitors Act assessments; s71 differences; HMCTS anonymity; GDC indemnity guidance

PI & Clinical Negligence weekly highlights—15 February 2024 In this issue: Road traffic accidents Clinical negligence Costs Court and the legal profession Other PI and clinical negligence news Daily and weekly news alerts Useful information New Q&As Road traffic accidents Pure economic loss and remoteness In Armstead v Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Company Ltd [2024] UKSC 6, the Supreme Court held that a bailee’s possessory interest in goods is sufficient to found a claim against a third party whose negligence damages those goods. The appeal succeeded: a car-hirer was entitled to sue the negligent third party in tort to recover the contractual daily loss-of-use sum owed to the vehicle owner (the bailor, hire company) arising from the damage. The court also issued succinct guidance on core principles governing negligence claims for harm to tangible property, and on the limits of remoteness. Further, the Supreme Court confirmed that once a claimant has shown that...

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NEWS
Norman Hay plc v Marsh Ltd: Court of Appeal (England and Wales) dismisses Marsh’s appeal; claim over failure to arrange overseas hire‑car liability cover proceeds

Justice Stephen Males in the Court of Appeal held that the claim that Marsh failed to secure appropriate motor insurance for vehicles hired overseas by Norman Hay plc staff and group companies could not be summarily rejected. The judgment observes: for a court to assess whether a breach of duty caused loss, it must be told what, specifically, the defendant ought to have done. Males J indicated that further detail is required about the brief given to Marsh, the obligations it assumed, and whether a competent broker in Marsh’s position should have offered different advice on the availability of non-owned motor cover. Norman Hay contends that Marsh, whether negligently or in breach of contract, failed to appreciate that the chemical group’s senior employees needed adequate liability insurance when travelling on business abroad...

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View the related Practice Notes about Professional indemnity

PRACTICE NOTES
Separate businesses and unbundled legal services under the SRA: reserved/non-reserved scope, referrals, informed consent, transparency, protections, conflicts, confidentiality, client money and PII (England and Wales)

The SRA Standards and Regulations allow law firms and legal service providers to organise their businesses in several formats, depending on whether they deliver reserved legal activities. Options comprise: a single SRA-regulated entity delivering both reserved and non‑reserved services an SRA‑regulated entity delivering reserved legal services, with some or all non‑reserved work carried out by a separate, non‑SRA regulated business (which, importantly, may employ SRA‑regulated solicitors) a non‑SRA regulated entity supplying only non‑reserved legal services, employing SRA‑regulated solicitors a freelance solicitor—see Practice Note: Dealing with freelance solicitors This Practice Note offers guidance to law firms on running a separate business, including allocating parts of a client matter between the law firm and the separate business, which will entail unbundling legal services. It reflects the Legal Services Act 2007 (LSA 2007) and the SRA Standards and Regulations, together with separate business guidance issued by the SRA. Unless stated otherwise, references in the Practice Note to: ‘solicitor’ includes Registered European...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Preliminary EHS issues in private M&A: heads of terms, data room, and allocating environmental liabilities in asset versus share purchases

Heads of terms A business purchase (the target business) typically starts with settling the key commercial points—price, structure of the deal, due diligence steps, exclusivity provisions and timetable. These points are commonly negotiated by the parties themselves, or alongside their accountants and other professional advisers, and then set out in heads of terms, sometimes called a ‘letter of intent’ or ‘memorandum of understanding’. See Practice Note: Heads of terms—share and asset purchases. Where environmental risks are known or suspected, the heads of terms might cover: providing the buyer with any existing environmental report(s) a requirement for a reliance agreement or collateral warranty, giving the buyer the benefit of those report(s) a process allowing the buyer to undertake a phase 1 environmental audit or phase 2 ground investigations headline terms for an environmental indemnity or environmental insurance What happens during the preliminary phase?...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Client Account Fraud: Immediate Response, SRA Compliance, Required Notifications, Client Communications, Operating During Investigation, Recovery and Prevention Guidance (England and Wales)

This Practice Note sets out advice for law firms on responding to client account fraud and outlines the applicable legal and regulatory duties. Client funds are inviolable and their careful stewardship is essential and paramount. What is client account fraud? A firm suffers client account fraud where money is unlawfully taken from its client account. Immediate steps to take Act swiftly to limit harm in the immediate aftermath of client account fraud. Do everything possible to prevent further loss and disruption promptly. Form a fraud response team and appoint someone to lead the incident without delay; suitable choices include: the compliance officer for finance and administration (COFA) the finance director the compliance officer for legal practice (COLP) the nominated officer the senior partner another appropriately senior person within the firm The SRA warning notice, Money missing from client account, states that if you discover that funds are missing, you must take steps to ensure...

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View the related Precedents about Professional indemnity

PRECEDENTS
Contractor collateral warranty deed to funder, purchaser or tenant—contractor‑friendly form with optional step‑in rights, assignment limits and PI/copyright provisions (English law)

This Deed is entered into on the [ insert date ] day of [ insert month ] 20[ insert year ] Parties [ insert name ] (Company Number [ insert number ]) whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the ‘Contractor’); [ and ] [ insert name ] (Company Number [ insert number ]) whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the ‘Beneficiary’, which expression shall include successors in title and any permitted assignee) [ ; and OR . ] [ [ insert name ] (Company Number [ insert number ]) whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the ‘Employer’). ] WHEREAS (A) [ [ insert name ] (Company Number [ insert number ]) whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the ‘Employer’) OR The Employer ] has entered into a building contract dated [ insert date ] with the Contractor (the ‘Building Contract’) for the [ design and ] construction of...

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PRECEDENTS
Deed of Dissolution and Winding Up of Partnership with Going Concern Sale to Third-Party Purchaser, TUPE Transfer, Liability Settlement and Run-off Professional Indemnity Insurance (England and Wales)

This Deed of dissolution is entered into on [ insert date ] Parties Each individual whose name and address appear in Schedule 1 (each a Partner and, collectively, the Partners named therein). Background: The Partners have conducted and managed the Business in partnership in accordance with the terms of the Partnership Agreement. The Partners intend to dissolve and wind up the Partnership [ as contemplated by clause [ insert clause number ] of the Partnership Agreement ] on the basis set out in this deed. AGREED TERMS: 1 Definitions and interpretation 1.1 Except where expressly stated otherwise in this deed, the definitions and rules of interpretation in the Partnership Agreement shall govern...

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PRECEDENTS
Law firm professional negligence policy: internal reporting, client communication controls, professional indemnity insurance notification, claims register and staff training

1 Introduction 1.1 Our goal is to deliver outstanding service to our clients. Despite our best endeavours, mistakes may on occasion occur. So far as possible, we nurture a culture without blame—any of us can make an error. 1.2 This policy describes our procedures for managing acts or omissions that may give rise to a negligence claim. 1.3 This policy applies to everyone working at any level, including partners, consultants, solicitors, and other employees (whether permanent, fixed-term or temporary), together with contractors, trainees, seconded staff, home-workers, casual staff, agency staff, interns and students, agents, sponsors, volunteers, or any other person connected with the firm wherever they are located (collectively referred to as ‘staff’ in this policy). 2 Responsibility for handling claims against the firm 2.1 [ Insert name of person nominated to receive internal claim/circumstance report forms ] is responsible for dealing with: 2.1.1 acts or omissions that might result in a negligence claim against us; 2.1.2 actual negligence claims against...

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View the related UK Parliament Acts about Professional indemnity

UK PARLIAMENT ACTS
Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (2000 c 8)

Financial Services and Markets Act 20002000 CHAPTER 8An Act to make provision about the regulation of financial services and markets; to provide for the transfer of certain statutory functions relating to building societies, friendly societies, industrial and provident societies and certain other mutual societies; and for connected purposes.[14th June 2000]BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—Part I . . .1 . . .. . .2 . . .. . .3 . . .[3A . . .]4 . . .5 . . .6 . . .[. . .][6A . . .]. . .7 . . .. . .8 . . .9 . . .10 . . .11 . . .. . .12 . . .13 . . .. . .14 . . .15 . . .16 . . .17 . . .18 . . .[Part 1A The Regulators][Chapter 1 The Financial Conduct Authority][The Financial Conduct Authority][1A The Financial Conduct Authority][The FCA's general duties][1B The FCA's general duties][1C The consumer protection objective][1D The integrity objective][1E The competition objective][Interpretation of terms used in relation to FCA's general duties][1F Meaning of “relevant markets” in strategic objective][1G Meaning of “consumer”][1H Further interpretative provisions for sections 1B to 1G][1I Meaning of “the UK financial system”][Modifications applying if core activity not regulated by PRA][1IA Modifications applying if core activity not regulated by PRA][Power to amend objectives][1J Power to amend objectives][Recommendations][1JA Recommendations by Treasury in...