Schemes of arrangement meaning

This is an illustrative timetable for a takeover structured as a scheme of arrangement. It sets out the typical stages of a scheme, spanning the necessary court procedures and the obligations arising under the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers (the Code). In broad terms, it captures each step required in a standard scheme process. For schemes, Rule 31 of the Code, which governs the timing of an offer, does not apply; instead, timing matters are addressed principally in Section 3 of Appendix 7 to the Code. Because the court process must be accommodated, the Takeover Panel (Panel) permits greater flexibility on the scheme timetable than on an offer. Even so, the Code imposes certain constraints on the scheduling of a scheme, including: where the offeror’s firm intention announcement contains a statement from the offeree board that it intends to recommend the scheme, the scheme circular, combining an offer document and the offeree circular, must be posted within 28 days of the firm intention...

Where a scheme of arrangement, restructuring plan, company voluntary arrangement or individual arrangement is put forward in respect of a regulated firm (defined below), the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) should be engaged at the earliest possible stage. The FCA serves as the conduct regulator for both financial services firms and for the financial markets across the United Kingdom. Under section 1B of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA 2000), it is tasked with pursuing specified objectives, including one centred on consumer protection in practice. The FCA states its statutory aims as securing an appropriate level of protection for consumers and safeguarding and strengthening the overall integrity of UK financial markets, with the intention of limiting the volume of proposed compromises it deems unsuitable (see FG22/4 para 1.2). On 5 July 2022, the FCA issued guidance on compromises by regulated firms (FCA Guidance FG22/4 July 2022, updated January 2024), prompted by serious concerns that these mechanisms were being advanced and deployed by firms to sidestep redress due to customers...

This Checklist This Checklist provides points to weigh up when preparing and seeking sign-off for a company voluntary arrangement (CVA) involving the Pension Protection Fund (PPF). It draws on PPF Guidance Note 5 issued in 2018 (see PPF Guidance Note 5: CVAs). When an employing company (or all participating employers in a last man standing scheme) files a CVA proposal with the court, a PPF assessment period begins. Under section 137 of the Pensions Act 2004, the PPF assumes the pension trustees’ voting entitlement (see Practice Note: The Pension Protection Fund—eligibility and entry). In practice, the PPF will typically cast a vote for or against the proposal rather than refrain. The PPF is consistently focused on avoiding any precedent that might allow pension schemes to be diluted where potential PPF entry could arise in the near future (the PPF observes that this has occurred in numerous prior CVAs). The PPF also anticipates that pension trustees will appoint their financial advisers to produce a report addressing the areas of concern...

In this issue: Save As You Earn Corporate governance Useful information Dates for your diary Weekly highlights from other practice areas Save As You Earn HMRC updates guidance on SAYE savings arrangements and deductions from pay HMRC has revised its guidance at ETASSUM34120 to confirm that employees cannot use third‑party loans or other finance to boost the amounts saved under an SAYE scheme. The scheme must instead be operated in line with the SAYE prospectus, which specifies that contributions are made via deductions from pay. This further clarification appears to respond to market products where participants receive an immediate refund of monthly contributions from a third party funder, in exchange for an arrangement fee and a share of any profit ultimately realised when the SAYE option is exercised and the shares are sold. For more detail on the requirements applying to SAYE‑linked savings contracts, see Practice Note: How SAYE schemes work and key features. See: ETASSUM34120...

The Mayor and Commonality and Citizens of The City of London v 48th Street Holding Ltd and another company [2025] EWHC 1130 (KB) What was the background? The second defendant (‘POLL’) traded in devising rate mitigation schemes (the RMS) for empty premises for third parties. The first defendant, 48SHL, implemented one such arrangement and relied on it as a defence to a claim for non‑domestic rates. Under the arrangement, once relevant property fell vacant, section 45(1) of the Local Government Finance Act 1988 together with the Non‑Domestic Rating (Unoccupied Property) (England) Regulations 2008, SI 2008/386, regs 3 and 4a, operated to confer an exemption from liability for unoccupied rates for three months and, on the expiry of that three‑month period. To facilitate this, 48SHL granted POLL a lease of the premises and, at the same time, served a break notice bringing the lease to an end six weeks after the grant. This was done to demonstrate occupation by POLL for the scheme’s purposes...

Countrywide Partners Ltd v HMRC [2026] UKFTT 357 (TC) HMRC served the appellant with a stop notice over a contractor loan arrangement for which it had been tagged as the promoter and given a scheme reference number. Despite the notice, the appellant continued to produce payslips, process salary and loan disbursements, and file RTI returns for users of the scheme. HMRC determined these steps amounted to the ongoing organisation and management of arrangements, and levied a £1m penalty under FA 2014, Sch 35, being £100,000 plus £5,000 in respect of each of 180 users...

This Practice Note sets out the principal steps for properly bringing to an end a defined contribution (DC) occupational pension scheme—also described as a money purchase occupational pension arrangement or a trust-based defined contribution plan. Throughout this Practice Note, this type of arrangement is termed a ‘DC scheme’. The guidance applies across a range of DC schemes, including trusts that sit outside the authorised master trust framework and small self-administered pension schemes (SSASs), although the latter may, in certain cases, be excluded from particular statutory obligations or requirements. This Practice Note does not cover the winding-up of any: an ‘authorised master trust’ under the Pension Schemes Act 2017 (PSA 2017)—for further detailed information, please see Practice Note: The authorisation and supervisory regime for master trusts, contract-based DC arrangements (eg group personal pension arrangements)—for further details and guidance, see Practice Note: Winding up of personal pension schemes Statute makes distinct and specific provision for hybrid schemes (combining defined benefit (DB) and DC...

This Practice Note explains the meanings of ‘flexible benefit’, ‘safeguarded benefit’ and ‘safeguarded‑flexible benefit’ in relation to the pension freedoms that took effect on 6 April 2015 (for further detail, see Practice Note: Pension freedoms—an introduction [Archived]). Why does the distinction matter? Drawing a line between flexible benefits and safeguarded benefits is crucial, as the pension freedoms introduced on 6 April 2015 are available only for the former and not the latter. Put simply, someone holding safeguarded benefits alone cannot use the pension freedoms unless they first convert those safeguarded benefits into flexible benefits, for example by transferring to a flexible benefit arrangement or by converting them within a scheme into flexible benefits. The government initially floated a consultation on extending certain pension freedoms to safeguarded benefits, but nothing further has emerged since the July 2014 announcement. In any event, schemes providing safeguarded benefits would have been expected to dismiss such proposals because of the administrative and actuarial difficulties the scheme would face whenever a member made...

FORTHCOMING CHANGE: Following the Autumn Budget 2024, the government initiated an independent review into the loan charge. Launched on 23 January 2025, the review’s remit was to examine the obstacles preventing people within scope of the loan charge, who have not settled and paid their tax liabilities in full, from reaching agreement with HMRC, and to recommend measures to encourage settlement with HMRC (see News Analysis: Autumn Budget 2024—Independent review of the loan charge). To support this work, a call for evidence—directed at those still affected by the loan charge and their advisers—was issued on 28 March 2025. The Final Report, together with the government’s response, was released at Budget 2025 on 26 November 2025...

The Directors [ insert offeror's name ] ([ Offeror ]) [ insert address ] [ and ] [ The Directors ] [ [ insert name of financial adviser ] (the Adviser ) [ insert address ] ] [ insert date ] Dear Directors Proposed acquisition of [ name of offeree ] ([ Offeree ]) It is our understanding that [ Offeror ] intends to acquire (the Acquisition ) [ all ] the issued [ and to be issued ] [ ordinary ] shares of [ insert nominal value ] each in [ Offeree ] (the Shares ) for the consideration, and otherwise substantially on the terms and subject to the conditions set out in the draft press announcement enclosed with this letter (the Announcement ), subject to such modifications or additions to such terms and conditions as may be required by the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers (the Code ), the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers (the Panel ), the High Court of Justice in England and...

This Deed is entered into on the [ insert day ] day of [ insert month ] 20[ insert year ] Parties [ Insert full company name ], incorporated in England and Wales with company number [ insert number ], and whose registered office is at [ insert registered company address ] (the Departing Employer); [ Insert full company name ], incorporated in England and Wales with company number [ insert number ], and whose registered office is at [ insert registered company address ] (the Receiving Employer); and [ [ Insert full name of company ] incorporated in England and Wales with company number [ insert number ] and having its registered office at [ insert registered company address ] OR [ insert individual name(s) ] of [ insert individual address(es) ] ] (the Trustees). Background: (A) [ insert full name of scheme ] (the Scheme) was constituted by an [ interim OR definitive ] deed dated [ insert...

1 By this power of attorney dated [ insert date ] I, [ insert name of director ] of [ insert address of director ], being a director of [ insert company name ] (incorporated in [England and Wales] under registered number [ insert company number ]) (the Company), appoint every other director of the Company, severally, as my true and lawful attorney (each an Attorney). Each Attorney may, on my behalf and in my name or in the Attorney's name, carry out all acts, deeds and matters, and may negotiate, approve, agree to, sign, execute and deliver any deeds, contracts, agreements, documents, undertakings and assurances which, in my personal capacity or in my capacity as a director of the Company [ or any of its subsidiaries (as appropriate) ], are necessary or required, or which the board of directors of the Company or any committee thereof (the Board) considers desirable, for or in connection with: 1.1 the proposed offer to be made by the Company for...