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Success fees meaning

What does Success fees mean?
In practice, a success fee is the extra amount a lawyer charges only if the case succeeds, usually a percentage uplift on base costs under a conditional fee agreement (CFA or “no win, no fee”). In England and Wales, CFAs and success fees are regulated by the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 and related regulations: the uplift cannot exceed 100% of base costs and, since LASPO 2012, is generally not recoverable inter partes. In personal injury, any deduction from damages is capped at 25% of specified heads. In Scotland, the Civil Litigation (Expenses and Group Proceedings) (Scotland) Act 2018 and the Success Fee Agreements (Scotland) Regulations 2020 create defined “success fee agreements” with statutory percentage caps; the fee is normally taken from damages, not from the opponent. In Northern Ireland, CFAs and damages-based agreements are generally not permitted, so solicitors cannot charge a success fee uplift. In Ireland, contingency or percentage-based fees are prohibited; solicitors may defer fees (“no foal, no fee”) but cannot charge an outcome-linked uplift or a share of damages.
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CHECKLISTS
Franchising from the Franchisor’s Perspective: Legal and Commercial Advantages, Disadvantages and Practical Considerations - Checklist

This Checklist examines the pros and cons of adopting a franchising model from the franchisor’s viewpoint. Franchising attracts steady attention as a route to market, but would-be franchisors should assess carefully whether it suits their particular operation. Below is a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of franchising from the franchisor’s standpoint. Advantages Franchising is a well-established route for scaling a business, with numerous high-profile success stories, including pizza brands, hotel groups and mobile phone shops. Many high street banks may extend favourable lending to franchise businesses, as they can be perceived as presenting lower risk than alternative models. The franchise approach can demand far fewer staff than a centrally owned network, as the owner does not need to open and run multiple outlets. The franchisor can apply franchisees’ fees to fuel growth and lessen debt. These fees provide a key, predictable annual income stream and, in some cases, their total can meet operating expenses. ...

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CHECKLISTS
Archived checklist: pre-2013 CPR provisions on additional liabilities (success fees and ATE premiums) and funding arrangements (England and Wales)

ARCHIVED: This Checklist has been archived and is no longer maintained. It outlines historic provisions that were revoked on 1 April 2013 and continues to be unmaintained. Nevertheless, owing to transitional arrangements, those provisions may still hold relevance in proceedings where a conditional fee agreement or an insurance policy was entered into before 1 April 2013. These are the same provisions referenced within CPR PD 48, para 1.3 accordingly herein...

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CHECKLISTS
Appointing and managing agents and representatives: anti-bribery due diligence checklist on ownership/control, country and payment risks, scope and remuneration (including success fees), capability, licences and facilitation payments

This flowchart details the actions to follow when enhancing a procedure in your firm, highlighting relevant Precedents associated with every stage...

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FLOWCHARTS
Charging orders in England and Wales: procedure from application/ICO to final order (CNBC and non-CNBC) — flowchart

This Checklist This Checklist outlines practical due diligence actions for selecting and overseeing agents or representatives, such as verifying ownership and control, evaluating country and payment risks, defining scope and remuneration (including success fee exposure), confirming competence and credentials, and making sure fees, licences and facilitation payment controls are consistent with the company’s anti-bribery requirements. Practitioners supporting clients with appointing and supervising agents or representatives should reflect on the following: every agent or representative of the business should be subject to due diligence the company must undertake its own enquiries and augment any information with newspaper or web-based research to satisfy itself regarding each agent whether the company has analysed and documented the rationale for, and the procedure by which, an agent was appointed...

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NEWS
UK Supreme Court affirms VAT on success fees triggered post-degrouping; time of supply determines VAT group disregard; Article 64 PVD applies to continuous supplies; B J Rice confined

The Prudential Assurance Company Ltd v HMRC [2025] UKSC 34 On the facts, the supplier could levy success fees only once a hurdle rate had been achieved. That threshold was not reached until after the supplier had left the VAT group, so the supplier applied VAT. Prudential then lodged a non-statutory request with HMRC asking whether VAT ought to have been charged. HMRC concluded that it should, and Prudential appealed that conclusion to the First-tier Tax Tribunal. The dispute then moved on to the Upper Tribunal and, thereafter, the Court of Appeal. The questions before the Supreme Court concerned three lines of reasoning advanced to sustain Prudential’s contention that no VAT was due, and the counter-arguments relied upon by HMRC to maintain that VAT had been correctly charged. The strands of argument advanced for Prudential were as follows...

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NEWS
Weekly property disputes update—England & Wales and Scotland: forfeiture, undue influence, BSA 2022 leaseholder protections, service charges and insurance commissions, Scottish servitudes (25 July 2024)

In this issue: Forfeiture Contractual issues Repairing obligations and dilapidations Service charges Key developments and horizon scanning Property disputes in Scotland LexTalk®Property Disputes: a Lexis®Nexis community Additional Property disputes updates Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trackers Latest Q&As Forfeiture Valuing a claim for wrongful forfeiture (Tanfield (as executor of the Estate of Paul Watkins) v Meadowbrook Montessori Ltd) In Tanfield (as executor of the Estate of Paul Watkins) v Meadowbrook Montessori Ltd [2024] EWHC 1759 (Ch), [2024] All ER (D) 77 (Jul), the court threw out a landlord’s winding-up petition for £167,593.41 presented against a company established to operate a school. It held there was a firmly arguable position that the majority of the petitioned sum was not rent arrears, but consideration payable for shares in the company. The judge further acknowledged a cross-claim with a genuine prospect of success, quantified at no less than £546,000 in...

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NEWS
Jassal v Shah: I(PFD)A 1975 awards cannot include provision for claimant’s litigation costs; costs determined separately under CPR; misconduct deductions considered (High Court, England and Wales)

Jassal v Shah [2024] EWHC 2214 (Ch) What are the practical implications of this case? With practitioners still waiting for the Supreme Court’s decision on whether success fees can be recovered under the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975 (I(PFD)A 1975), the High Court has resolved a different, perhaps unexpected, issue that strikes at the core of costs. May an I(PFD)A 1975 claimant receive an allowance for their legal costs within the substantive award? The court’s response is an emphatic ‘no’: costs fall to be determined later, via a distinct process. Yet James Pickering KC, acting as a Deputy High Court Judge, plainly recognised the troubling ramifications of that conclusion. More than ten years have passed since Mr Justice Briggs (as he then was) voiced a ‘real sense of unease’ in Lilleyman v Lilleyman [2012] EWHC 1056 (Ch) about the contrived separation of costs in this sphere, particularly when contrasted with the more integrated approach that prevailed until the Family Procedure Rules (‘FPR’). The difficulty persists: an...

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PRACTICE NOTES
2016 litigation funding and costs in England and Wales: funders’ liability and disclosure, CFA assignment, ATE/CFA recoverability in publication/privacy, and solicitors’ professional indemnity exclusion clauses

ARCHIVED: this Practice Note is no longer maintained and is offered for background reference only. Moreover, some links may not take you to the provisions as they stood when the guidance in this Practice Note was issued... Key litigation funding cases 2016—what do you need to know? Key takeaways from 2016 decisions in the commercial or third‑party litigation funding sphere include: the Supreme Court examined the interpretation of an exclusion clause in a solicitor’s professional indemnity insurance policy (Impact Funding v AIG), see below the Supreme Court agreed to hear three appeals balancing ECHR rights against recovery of costs linked to third‑party funding (Frost v MGN, Miller v Associated Newspapers Limited and Times Newspaper v Flood), which will determine these questions in the context of post‑Jackson reform funding. At present, the courts regard the recovery of additional liabilities as compatible with the ECHR (BNM v Mirror Group Newspapers), see below the Court of Appeal has held that third‑party funders can be...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Break fees in UK share purchase transactions: purpose, triggers and legal constraints—ultra vires, directors' duties, financial assistance and penalty rule; public takeovers—Takeover Code prohibition

The nature and purpose of break fees Break fees typically exist to reimburse a party’s legal and professional outlay incurred through due diligence and negotiations when a deal ends. They can also act as a deterrent to behaviour that might unreasonably derail the process, encouraging both sides to keep talking, and discouraging steps that could prevent the transaction from moving forward at all or otherwise cause it to stall. The parties usually enter into a break fee agreement early in the sale process, commonly before the buyer begins its due diligence. Such provisions (also referred to as inducement, termination or broken deal fees) may appear in a stand-alone agreement or be set out within heads of terms. Types of break fees The most prevalent form of break fee arises where the target undertakes to pay the bidder a sum if a specified event happens and the transaction then fails to complete (for instance, where the seller accepts a superior third-party offer or any necessary shareholder consent is...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Civil litigation costs 2016 review and 2017 outlook: Precedents R and H, fixed recoverable costs, funding, new bill of costs, and solicitor and client costs (England and Wales)

ARCHIVED: this Practice Note is archived, not updated, and provided solely for background reference. In addition, certain links may no longer lead to the provisions as they stood when the guidance in this Practice Note was issued. It should not be treated as current advice or actively maintained content, for background only. This note reviews developments during 2016 in the following areas: Costs precedents—new and updates Fixed costs reform Costs funding—ATE insurance and CFA success fees Costs assessment—bill of costs Solicitor and client costs Costs precedents—new and updates New costs precedent—Precedent R Precedent R is a report for budget discussions. It applies to proceedings in which the claim was issued on or after 6 April 2016 and where costs budgets are required. It was brought in to encourage parties to attempt agreement on the opponent’s costs budget. If agreement cannot be reached, the form identifies the disputed areas and records a short summary of the reasons for...

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PRECEDENTS
Conditional Fee Agreement template for insolvency office-holders (post-6 April 2016): solicitor-client terms on success fees, costs recovery, counsel CFA and ATE insurance (England and Wales)

This Agreement is entered into on [ date ] Parties [ Company Name ] [ (in liquidation, etc) ] [ (the ‘ Company ’) acting through ] [ name(s) of insolvency practitioner(s) ] [ (the ‘ Liquidator ’), (the ‘ Administrator ’), etc ] [ (and all successors in title) ] [ acting as agent for the Company, except as provided in this Agreement ] ( [ together ] the ‘ Client ’) [ both ] of [ address ]; [ Firm Name and Address ] (the ‘ Firm ’). It is hereby agreed as follows: 1 Definitions 1.1 In this Agreement: Appeal means any request for permission to appeal and/or an appeal to the Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court from a lower court’s decision, or to a Judge from a decision of a District Judge, Registrar, Master or Insolvency and Companies Court Judge, in relation to the Claim Basic Costs means the fees...

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PRECEDENTS
Precedent client letter: CFA (no win, no fee) post‑1 April 2013—irrecoverable success fee and ATE premium; base costs recovery, disbursements, barrister fees and cancellation rights (England and Wales)

Standard CFA (success fee and costs insurance premium not recoverable inter partes) We have explored several ways to fund your costs, including: legal expenses insurance, e.g. under your home or car insurance through a trade union or other membership organisation via a third-party funding arrangement through legal aid [any other method you may have discussed] As none of these routes is available or appropriate, we have agreed to act for you on a no-win-no-fee basis. This is a conditional fee agreement (CFA), and we have enclosed the agreement with this letter. We are satisfied that this CFA suits your needs and serves your best interests. Key features of no-win-no-fee The table below sets out what you would be responsible for if you succeed, and whether those sums can be recovered from your opponent. Our base costs, which depend on the time spent on your case and are calculated at the hourly rates stated in...

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Q&As
Discounted CFA with LEI: usual rate on success, LEI rate if not?

What is a DCFA? Most practitioners know the ‘pure’ CFA, commonly referred to as a ‘no win, no fee’ agreement. Working under a pure CFA, the lawyer or legal representative is remunerated only upon a win, as the CFA expressly defines it. If that outcome is not achieved, no fee is payable for the professional work undertaken on the matter. For additional detail, see the subtopic: CFAs and DBAs for further information. A DCFA is often described as a ‘no win, lower fee’ arrangement in contrast to the pure CFA. Under a DCFA, the client agrees to meet the lawyer’s fees in full on success; if the case fails, a reduced fee is payable to the representative. The role of success fees Success fees exist to ensure a solicitor’s portfolio of CFA-backed litigation can operate at nil net loss overall. Put differently, the success uplifts on winning matters are designed to meet the base costs that cannot be recovered on losing matters within that portfolio...

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