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Summons (Court of Session) meaning

Published by a LexisNexis Family expert
What does Summons (Court of Session) mean?
In Scottish civil practice, a Summons (Court of Session) is the formal writ that starts an ordinary action in Scotland’s supreme civil court, including actions for divorce or dissolution. The form, required content and procedure are prescribed by the Rules of the Court of Session. A summons identifies the parties, states the conclusions sought and the factual/legal grounds, is authorised for service, and—once served on the defender—brings the action before the court and enables interim remedies to be sought where appropriate. In England and Wales, the nearest equivalents are the claim form (CPR Part 7/Part 8) for civil claims and, in matrimonial proceedings, an application for a divorce or dissolution order (formerly a divorce petition). In Northern Ireland, divorce is commenced by petition; other High Court civil claims begin by writ of summons or originating summons. In Ireland, most High Court civil claims commence by plenary or special summons, while divorce is commonly brought in the Circuit Court by family law civil bill. Within Scotland, the sheriff court counterpart to a Court of Session summons is the initial writ. The term “summons” in this context is procedural rather than substantive and is grounded in the Court of Session’s rules rather than standalone...
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View the related News about Summons (Court of Session)

NEWS
UK Public Law weekly highlights: Supreme Court equality ruling, judicial review and FOI decisions, Horizon Inquiry report, MI5 investigation, Brexit SIs, legislative scrutiny, trackers and updates (Q2 2025)

In this issue: Public Law case law quarterly Brexit highlights Brexit SIs Constitutional and administrative law Judicial review Equality and human rights Information law State security and intelligence Subsidy control and State aid Other Public Law news Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Dates for your diary Trackers Useful information Public Law case law quarterly Public Law case law quarterly—Q2 2025 The Public Law case law quarterly sets out summaries and commentary on significant rulings compiled each quarter by the Lexis+® UK Public Law team. Standout coverage in this instalment reviews the Supreme Court’s ruling in For Women Scotland v Scottish Ministers, confirming that ‘sex’ in the Equality Act 2010 (EqA 2010) denotes biological sex. The issue further surveys Supreme Court judgments addressing: the Special Immigration Appeals Commission’s function in national security appeals; anonymity and freedom of expression where proceedings involve NHS Trusts; and matters...

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View the related Practice Notes about Summons (Court of Session)

PRACTICE NOTES
Court of Session Ordinary Actions (Scotland): A Practical Procedural Guide from Summons and Service to Defences, Adjustment/Amendment, Debate/Proof/Jury, Summary Decree, Motions, Enforcement, Expenses, Appeals and Virtual Hearings

Civil justice reform See our Practice Note, Civil justice reform in Scotland—virtual hearings and electronic submission of documents, for authoritative guidance on the current rules and practice in the Scottish civil courts concerning virtual hearings and the electronic signing, secure transmission and lodging of documents. This Practice Note supplies practical and procedural guidance on ordinary actions proceeding in the Court of Session. For information on: substantive and procedural matters to consider before commencing a civil action in the Scottish courts, including the jurisdiction of the Court of Session, see Practice Note: Starting a civil claim in Scotland the role of the Court of Session, how it is constituted and the binding nature of its judgements, see Practice Note: Civil court structure in Scotland Key: RCS—Rules of the Court of Session 1994 What is an ordinary action? An ordinary action is one that follows the ordinary cause procedure set out in the RCS. The ordinary...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Commercial actions in the Court of Session (Scotland): practitioner guide to pre‑action, pleadings, document recovery, case management, hearings, sanctions, enforcement, expenses and appeals

Civil justice reform Consult our Practice Note: Civil justice reform in Scotland—virtual hearings and electronic submission of documents for up-to-date guidance on how the Scottish civil courts manage remote hearings and the electronic signing, sending, transmission and lodging of documents. The Practice Note supplies pragmatic and procedural direction for commercial actions raised in the Court of Session. It also addresses the current rules and practice applicable to such proceedings, including virtual hearings and electronic processes today. For details on: substantive and procedural points to weigh before starting a civil claim in the Scottish courts, including the Court of Session’s jurisdiction, see Practice Note: Starting a civil claim in Scotland the Court of Session’s function, composition and the binding force of its judgements, see Practice Note: Civil court structure in Scotland Key: commercial clerks inbox—commercial@scotcourts.gov.uk commercial section inbox—gcs@scotcourts.gov.uk RCS—Rules of the Court of Session 1994 What is a commercial action? RCS, Rule 47.1(2)...

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PRACTICE NOTES
Landlord and tenant remedies in Scotland: interdict, specific implement, payment and damages actions, rescission, retention, irritancy, hypothec and recovery of heritable property

Main remedies in Scottish landlord and tenant disputes The principal remedies available in the context of landlord and tenant disputes in Scotland are: Interdict Specific implement Payment action Damages action Rescission Retention of rent Irritancy Hypothec Action for recovery of heritable property Interdict Interdict is a court remedy used to restrain an actual or threatened breach of contract by a party; for example, a landlord may seek it to stop a tenant using the premises for a purpose other than that for which it is let. It is the counterpart of the English remedy of injunction. An interdict can be obtained in the Court of Session (by petition or summons, see: Introduction: Stair Memorial Encyclopaedia [88]) or in the sheriff court (by initial writ, see: Form of writ: Stair Memorial Encyclopaedia [382]). If brought in the sheriff court, proceedings must be raised where the defender is domiciled or where the alleged wrong is occurring....

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