Suspension meaning

This Checklist reviews the entitlement to suspend under the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA 1996), and the matters that ought to be carefully considered before any party opts to suspend carrying out its obligations and duties under a construction contract. Is there a general common law right to suspend a contract? No. At common law, a party to a contract has no general right to pause or withhold ongoing performance of contractual duties when the other party is in breach, unless the breach is sufficiently serious to constitute a ‘repudiatory breach’, thereby permitting the innocent party to rescind or bring the contract to an end (see Practice Notes: Termination of a construction contract—Common law termination and Repudiation of contract). How does the right to suspend arise in a construction contract?...

This Checklist highlights the principal points and potential pitfalls to address when preparing and agreeing a payment clause in a business to business contract, covering late payment as well. For a model clause, see Precedent: Payment clause-commercial contracts. Guidance on late payment is in Practice Notes: Penalty interest rates in commercial contracts and Late Payment of Commercial Debts (Interest) Act 1998, including, in particular, the sections on: Contracts, organisations and debts subject to LPCD(I)A 1998 Calculating the statutory interest Express terms for late payment in place of statutory interest Meaning of 'grossly unfair' Price and payment terms in a contract are often closely linked. When using this checklist, also refer to: Drafting and negotiating a price clause-checklist. Legal issues, general comments and what to watch out for are noted. Late payment legislation The Late Payment of Commercial Debts (Interest) Act 1998 (LPCD(I)A 1998) allows all businesses and public sector bodies to claim statutory interest on late payment of commercial...

Under section 279(1) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986) A bankrupt is released from bankruptcy automatically at the expiry of one year starting on the date the bankruptcy order is made, pursuant to section 279(1) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986). In some circumstances, however, it is preferable to apply to the court for an order suspending that automatic discharge. This concise checklist and timetable addresses applications to suspend automatic discharge from bankruptcy, outlining each stage from preparing the application for issue through to the making of the suspension from discharge order, together with matters to be dealt with after the order is made. The checklist and timetable do not apply to criminal bankruptcies under IA 1986, ss 264 and 280, nor to applications by the official receiver (OR) under the Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016 (IR 2016), SI 2016/1024, r 10.104(5) following the adjournment of a public examination. Step/action Time (days) Section/rule 1...

STOP PRESS: This document is being updated to reflect the implementation of the Data (Use and Access) Act 2025 (DUAA 2025), which amends the UK GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018. For more guidance on the compliance implications of DUAA 2025, see Practice Note: Data (Use and Access) Act 2025—compliance implications. This document reflects the UK GDPR regime. All references and links to the GDPR refer to the UK GDPR (Assimilated Regulation (EU) 2016/679) unless expressly stated otherwise. The UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR) confers on data subjects a number of rights, including providing the right to restrict the processing of personal data. Individuals may submit a request to an organisation to exercise this right in particular circumstances. It is not, however, an absolute right. There are strict time limits for complying with such requests made. See Practice Notes: Rights of data subjects How to handle data subject requests This flowchart resource sets out a process for assessing...

On 7 April 2026, Dyson secured an interim injunction against Chinese rival Dreame after the UPC tribunal held that the ‘Dazzle’ hair styler infringed Dyson’s patent, compelling a suspension of sales throughout all UPC Member States and Spain. The Hamburg Local Division explained that including Spain (despite it not being a UPC Member State) was warranted because Dreame’s EU-based importer was actively putting the goods on the Spanish market, thereby creating a sufficiently close jurisdictional connection to hear the claims together under EU jurisdictional rules. The panel, chaired by Sabine Klepsch, declined to stretch the order to the UK. Citing the UK–EU Windsor Framework, under which certain EU product safety requirements still apply in Northern Ireland and oblige non‑EU manufacturers to appoint an EU-based representative to place goods there, Dyson argued this regulatory nexus tied UK sales to the EU and could ground UPC jurisdiction. The judges disagreed, concluding those provisions are principally intended to smooth trade between Northern Ireland and the EU, not to create an adequate legal link...

After unveiling a pause to tariff hikes on Truth Social, President Donald Trump told reporters at the White House that he believes China wants to reach an agreement but is unsure how to proceed (Pool via AP). On the platform, he said more than 75 nations had contacted US government officials to explore talks on tariff and non-tariff barriers, prompting him to implement a 90-day suspension of the higher reciprocal rates. Those increases had begun at 12:01am on Wednesday 9 April 2025... However, he noted the 10% global baseline levy on imports from all countries will remain in effect during the suspension. The executive order updating the reciprocal tariffs was not issued immediately. In his social media post, Trump added that increased tariff rates on China would apply at once, citing what he described as a lack of respect China has shown to the world’s markets. In response to the president’s reciprocal tariffs, China announced last week that it would introduce countermeasures and pursue a legal case at the...

In this issue: Judicial review Education Public procurement Social care Local government finance Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Judicial review Judicial monitoring of compliance with orders in judicial review proceedings (R (ECPAT UK) v Kent CC) The proceedings in R (ECPAT UK) v Kent CC offer a case study in the deployment of suspended quashing orders and the court’s role in supervising observance of its directions. The case has generated four published judgments. The second judgment set out why suspension and continuing judicial oversight were warranted here and featured in an earlier piece. This article now gives a concise chronology of the claim and reviews the fourth judgment, which illustrates the limits of the court’s ongoing supervisory function. Authored by Dr Alice Irving, barrister at Doughty Street Chambers. See News Analysis: Judicial monitoring of compliance with orders in judicial review proceedings (R (ECPAT UK) v Kent CC)... Education DfE updates...

STOP PRESS From 24 February 2025, the core provisions of the Procurement Act 2023 (PA 2023) take effect and apply. Competitions commencing on or after that date must proceed under PA 2023, while procurements started under the earlier regimes — the Public Contracts Regulations 2015 (PCR 2015), the Utilities Contracts Regulations 2016, the Concession Regulations 2016, and the Defence and Security Public Contracts Regulations 2011 — must continue to be run and overseen in line with those rules and procedures accordingly. See Practice Note: Introduction to the Procurement Act 2023—PA 2023. This material concerns the Procurement Act 2023 regime. It provides practical guidance on public procurement under the Procurement Act 2023 (PA 2023). For practical guidance on light touch contracts under the former legislation, see Practice Note: Considerations when authorities procure contracts that are not subject to the full procurement regime. Overview of the light touch public procurement regime Under PA 2023, light touch contracts (LTCs) mean contracts wholly or predominantly for the delivery of identified...

NOTE—to check whether notification thresholds in Vietnam and worldwide are triggered, please consult: Where to Notify. 1. Have there been any recent developments regarding the Vietnamese merger control regime and are any updates/developments expected in the coming year? Are there any other ‘hot’ merger control issues in Vietnam? In 2020, Vietnam promulgated Decree 35 on Detailed Regulations for Implementation of the Law on Competition dated 24 March 2020 (Decree 35), which became effective on 15 May 2020. This marked a pivotal step in putting into operation the competition framework envisaged under the Law on Competition dated 12 June 2018 (Competition Law). The body designated under the Competition Law, the Vietnam Competition Committee (VCC), was established on 1 April 2023 and from that date assumed responsibility for the merger control regime. Decree 35 introduced the following clarifications to merger control: Notification thresholds, under which a transaction must be notified where: the total assets or turnover in Vietnam of...

This Practice Note sets out the commercial and legal dimensions of transition in outsourcing arrangements. It distinguishes transition from transformation and outlines the core stages for moving services from an incumbent to a replacement supplier. It also highlights standard provisions commonly included in transition schedules to outsourcing contracts, covering creation of the transition plan, milestones and milestone credits (including earn‑back), rights of suspension, management and reporting. Transition is a pivotal phase of an outsourcing, during which specified business functions are handed over to the incoming provider... This Practice Note considers the following legal and commercial aspects of transition in outsourcing agreements: What is transition? Transition process Drafting the transition schedule Transition plan Milestones and milestone credits Right of suspension Management and reporting For an illustrative transition schedule, see Precedent: Transition schedule. For end‑of‑term transition matters, see Practice Note: IT outsourcing—transition and termination issues... What is transition? Transition is typically the initial phase following signature of...

Definitions (General) Competent Authority • any body exercising jurisdiction over the Property, its occupation or its use; Restricted Period • any period [ exceeding [ number ] [ continuous ] weeks ] within the Term when a Pandemic Restriction is operative; Pandemic Restriction • any Legislation, or any requirement from, or guidance issued by, a Competent Authority that: (a) arises from [ COVID-19 or the occurrence of any other OR any ] national or local pandemic disease; and (b) prohibits, hinders or limits the Tenant from [ fully ] [ trading at the Property OR using [ more than [ number ]% (measured by floor area) of ] the Property for the Permitted Use ] . 1 Repair—suspension of Tenant’s repair obligation for pandemic reason The Tenant’s obligation to observe [ this clause OR clause [ number ] ] is suspended to such extent as the Landlord’s Surveyor deems fair...

Dated [ date ], this Agreement is entered into between the parties identified below. Parties [ insert name of Customer ] [ of OR a company incorporated in [ England and Wales ] with registered number [ insert registered number ] and whose registered office is at [ insert address ] ] (the Customer) [ insert name of Supplier ] [ of OR a company incorporated in [ England and Wales ] with registered number [ insert registered number ] and whose registered office is at [ insert address ] ] (the Supplier) Each of the Supplier and the Customer is a party; together, they are the parties. Background The Customer carries on the business of [ insert description ]. The Supplier conducts the business of providing [ insert description of services ] to other businesses. The parties have agreed that the Supplier will provide services to the Customer on the terms contained in this Agreement....

Employee name: Employment commencement date and present length of service [ Insert date ] [ Insert length of service ] Job role: Division/Department Assessed by: Assessment date: Role: Approved by: Date: Role: Guidance: When using the criteria (other than disciplinary history), reasonable adjustments might be required for workers with a disability (as set out in the Equality Act 2010, s 6) where not doing so would put them at a significant disadvantage compared with non-disabled colleagues. This exception does not extend to disciplinary records. Service refers to continuous employment with the company and any linked company. Service includes transferred service within associated companies. If the worker has under 12 months’ service, convert the absence record to an annualised figure. Annualisation ensures a balanced and like-for-like assessment. Disregard the following absences: These must be excluded from absence calculations. absences linked to a disability (as defined by Equality Act 2010, s 6); maternity...

Under section 11 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985, landlords of specified residential tenancies are required, among other duties, to keep the installations in the dwelling-house for space heating and heating water in good repair and proper working order. A tenancy might also impose express duties on a landlord concerning provision of heating and hot water. See Practice Note: Residential tenancies—landlord’s implied covenant of fitness for human habitation and statutory obligation to repair. Where...

In ordinary circumstances, the employer determines the range of disciplinary sanctions, together with the rules on how, and in which situations, they should be used, and records these within its disciplinary policy. For initial misconduct where instant dismissal would not be fitting, a tiered approach to warnings is commonly adopted, aligned with the disciplinary framework set out in the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures (the Acas Code). The terms of the Acas Code ought to be reviewed with care when managing disciplinary matters at work. Although a departure from the Acas Code will not, by itself, create liability, a tribunal can take such non‑compliance into consideration when assessing appropriate cases. It may, therefore, influence how relevant matters are decided accordingly...