The two party rule meaning

In this issue: Key DR developments Claims and remedies Costs and funding Cross-border disputes Evidence and disclosure Civil appeals New content Dates for your diary Useful information Daily and weekly news alerts Key DR developments Consultation CPRC launches consultation on electronic service modernisation for CPR 6 and CPR PD 6A: The Civil Procedure Rule Committee (CPRC) has opened a consultation on revisions to the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR) aimed at updating how documents are served. The exercise suggests two principal amendments to CPR 6 and CPR PD 6A: first, where a legal representative has confirmed authority to take service for a client, they would be obliged to accept service by electronic means without further permission; and second, fax would be withdrawn as a form of electronic service, given email’s predominance. The consultation closes on 12 September 2025. For more information, see: LNB News 04/07/2025 54—CPRC launches consultation on electronic service modernisation for...

In this issue: Key PI and Clinical Negligence developments Civil procedure rule committee minutes Occupational disease Road traffic accidents Public authorities and the state Clinical negligence LexisNexis® PI & Clinical Negligence Quantum Database LexTalk®PI & Clinical Negligence: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts LexisNexis® Webinars Useful information Key PI and Clinical Negligence developments LSB looks at who can litigate after shock Mazur ruling On 13 October 2025, England’s legal oversight regulator confirmed that it is reassessing guidance issued by regulators and representative bodies following an unexpected ruling that has left law firms uncertain, casting doubt over which litigation activities may lawfully be undertaken by employees without any formal qualification. See News Analysis: LSB looks at who can litigate after shock Mazur ruling. High Court upholds use of surveillance footage despite flawed procedure and confirms privilege over draft expert report In Perrin v Walsh [2025] EWHC 2536...

In this issue: Arbitration under the AA 1996 Act International arbitration Investment treaty arbitration Institutional and ad hoc arbitration Other arbitration and ADR-related news and developments Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Useful information Arbitration under the AA 1996 Act Conflicting arbitration and jurisdiction clauses—principles of contractual construction and relevance of a ‘confusion clause’ The judgment in Tyson International Company Ltd v GIC Re [2025] EWHC 77 (Comm) is significant for parties and their legal advisers grappling with contracts that include competing jurisdiction and arbitration provisions. A dispute over insurance cover arose between the claimant and the defendant reinsurer. The parties had executed two sets of policy documentation. The first set featured an exclusive jurisdiction clause in favour of the courts of England, alongside an English choice of law clause. The second set incorporated an arbitration agreement calling for arbitration seated in New York and the application of New York law. The...

Introduction to Musharaka—a profit and loss sharing instrument of Islamic finance At the heart of Islamic finance lies the maxim ‘no profit without risk’, ie no person should realise a gain unless they bear some degree of risk. This concept is most clearly shown through the application of profit and loss sharing instruments. For further detail on this principle, see Practice Note: Key principles of Islamic finance. This Practice Note examines Musharaka, an Islamic finance technique originally founded on profit and loss sharing and broadly analogous to a conventional partnership arrangement. In straightforward terms, a Musharaka is a partnership customarily entered into by two or more parties, not necessarily for a fixed term, and most commonly for the purpose of undertaking a business venture. In a typical Musharaka, each participant makes a capital contribution to the venture and profits and losses are shared between them. A comparable Islamic finance arrangement premised on the same profit and loss sharing rule is Mudaraba, a special form of partnership in which only...

What is the PCA? The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is the oldest intergovernmental organisation devoted to enabling the peaceful settlement of international disputes. Based in The Hague, it was created by the 1899 Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, signed at the close of the first Hague Peace Conference in 1899. Initially centred on state‑to‑state arbitration, the PCA now administers and offers related services for matters involving states, state‑controlled entities, intergovernmental organisations and private parties... The PCA Arbitration Rules In December 2012, the PCA issued its Arbitration Rules (the PCA Rules). These Rules superseded and replaced four earlier PCA rule sets: 1992 Optional Rules for Arbitrating Disputes between Two States (PCA State/State Rules) 1993 Optional Rules for Arbitrating Disputes between Two Parties of Which Only One is a State (PCA State/International Organisation Rules) 1996 Optional Rules for Arbitration Involving International Organisations and States, and 1996 Optional Rules for Arbitration between International Organisations and Private Parties ...

Practice Note This Practice Note consists of two strands created to help dispute resolution practitioners remain up to date with developments in case law that affect their field, or which influence civil litigation procedure more generally: selected forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court are highlighted below; see Key forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court—2022 summaries of significant appeal decisions in England and Wales (ie rulings of the Court of Appeal and Supreme Court and, where appropriate, certain judgments of the Competition Appeal Tribunal, Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Court of Justice of the European Union), and ECtHR, which we have covered; see: Key forthcoming appeal cases—2022 You can navigate this content using the table of contents in the left-hand margin. Alternatively, search this tracker using [CTRL]+[F]. This material is not intended to be a comprehensive register of every appeal or major decision relevant to dispute resolution practitioners. Key forthcoming appeals to the Supreme Court—2022 Tort and negligence ...