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European Union

EU AI Act draft enforcement: Commission powers to access GPAI model weights, hosting and system-state interactions; expert-led evaluations, five-year penalty limits, and limited rights of defence.

Published on: 17 March 2026

Published by an LexisNexis EU Law expert
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Under envisaged enforcement procedures for the EU's flagship AI legislation, the European Commission would be empowered to probe thoroughly the internals of general-purpose AI models, including their weights and the hosting infrastructure, and to also examine and alter system-state interactions. The EU AI Act authorises the Commission to run model evaluations to judge whether providers meet their legal duties and to look into potential systemic risks, in particular after a warning from an independent panel of scientific experts. As the sole authority charged with supervising the EU AI Act's provisions for general-purpose AI models (GPAI), the Commission on 13 March 2026 issued secondary legislation defining the procedural framework for such evaluations and for related infringement proceedings...

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