Jurisdiction(s):
European Union

EU AI training and copyright: CMOs cite scarce licences, transparency gaps and weak leverage; Commission considers Copyright Directive changes to develop a functioning licensing market

Published on: 20 June 2025

Published by an LexisNexis EU Law expert

Legal News

Article summary

Across the EU, a copyright licensing marketplace for training artificial intelligence systems remains nascent, largely because AI developers shy away from entering licensing talks, a summary of feedback from European governments and CMOs indicates. The document, seen by MLex, consolidates replies from EU countries—many informed by national collective management organisations—to a policy questionnaire circulated in January. CMOs administer copyright and related rights for multiple rights holders, notably in creative sectors such as the music industry. Even so, the summary records that licensing of protected works by CMOs for AI training is uncommon in the EU, as most respondents report developers’ unwillingness to engage in negotiations...

AI licensing market

The survey highlights two priority obstacles:

Transparency, which rights holders regard as essential to exercise their rights and negotiate remuneration
Workable opt-out mechanisms for the EU Copyright Directive’s text and data mining exception

Together, these issues sustain the underdeveloped nature of the EU’s AI licensing landscape...

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