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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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Mergers The CMA has opened its phase 1 probe in relation to the expected takeover by Rhône Capital L. L. C....
In this issue: UK private actions UK subsidy control EU antitrust EU competition policy Daily and weekly news alerts Caselex CAT issues judgment on allocation of undistributed damages following settlement in alleged rail ticket overcharge damages claim The CAT has delivered its ruling in Justin Gutmann v First MTR South Western Trains Limited and Another, addressing how to allocate undistributed damages left after a settlement. Brought by Mr Justin Gutmann as the Class Representative ( CR) under section 47 of the Competition Act 1998, the claim alleged an abuse of dominance by Stagecoach South Western Trains Limited ( SSWT) for not making ‘boundary fares’ sufficiently available to travelcard holders. Background In 2019, Mr Gutmann applied to commence opt-out collective proceedings under section 47B CA 1998 against First MTR and SSWT, which had operated the South Western rail franchise at...
State aid Court of Justice rules Bulgaria failed to take necessary steps to recover State aid granted to private forest owners The Court of Justice has delivered its judgment in Case C- 632/23 Commission v Bulgarie (Échanges de terrains forestiers II), arising from an action by the Commission over Bulgaria’s failure to implement the Commission’s decision in SA.26212 concerning support granted to private forest owners. The Court found for the Commission, concluding that Bulgaria did not adopt the requisite measures to recover State aid awarded to enable private holders of forest land to exchange their properties for State-owned forests... Background In 1947, Bulgaria nationalised all forest land. After private property rights were restored post‑2000, Bulgaria commenced the return of forest areas to former owners. From 2002, national rules permitted the exchange of privately owned forest plots with publicly owned parcels from the State forest fund, with...
Subsidy Control CMA updated its guidance on the role of the Subsidy Advice Unit The CMA has issued an updated edition of its guidance on how the Subsidy Advice Unit ( SAU) carries out its subsidy control functions, originally published in November 2022 ahead of the Subsidy Control Act ( Act) 2022 coming into force. Under the Act, the SAU produces independent, non-binding reports on subsidies referred by public authorities, evaluating their impact on competition and investment in the UK, and overseeing and reviewing the wider operation of the subsidy control regime. The update clarifies the SAU’s remit, procedures and assessment framework, and mirrors its present practice......
State aid General Court dismisses case referred back from the Court of Justice regarding Greek support to aluminium producer The General Court has handed down its ruling in Joined Cases T-639/14 RENV II, T-352/15 RENV and T-740/15 RENV, DEI v Commission, following a remittal after the Court of Justice’s judgment in Joined Cases C-701/21 P and C-739/21 P. Those appeals succeeded against the General Court’s earlier judgments in T-639/14 and T-740/15, which had annulled Commission decisions concluding that an arbitration award, fixing an alleged preferential electricity tariff, did not constitute State aid to the aluminium producer Mytilinaios ( SA.38101). The General Court has now rejected the appeal... Background Dimosia Epicheirisi Ilektrisimou AE ( DEI), an electricity generator and supplier based in Athens ( Greece) and controlled by the Greek State, and its principal client, Mytilinaios AE – Omilos Epicheiriseon, formerly Alouminion tis Ellados VEAE, located in...
Mergers The CMA has opened a consultation on potential remedies to address the provisional competition concerns identified in its phase 2 investigation into Aramark/ Entier—see further, case page Following a phase 1 review, the CMA cleared the completed purchase of Macquarie Rotorcraft Limited by SMFL LCI Helicopters Limited—see further, case page The CMA released the full text of its phase 1 clearance decision concerning the anticipated acquisition of ORBCOMM AIS LLC by S& P Global Market Intelligence Inc.—see further, decision Note— For all live mergers before the CMA, see further, UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker Upcoming dates For dates of upcoming UK competition developments, see further, UK Competition calendar......
Competition policy The Commission has issued a Competition Policy Brief concerning legal professional privilege in competition law investigations, restating its position that this protection should not be widened to encompass in-house lawyers, and confirming that LPP should not extend to company-employed legal advisers either......
Mergers The Commission approved: the establishment of a joint venture between Eneco Heat Production & Industrials B. V. and Mainport Holding Rotterdam N. V.......
Private actions CAT issues judgment on allocation of undistributed damages following settlement in alleged rail ticket overcharge damages claim The CAT has handed down its judgment in Justin Gutmann v First MTR South Western Trains Limited and Another, addressing the distribution of undistributed damages arising after settlement of the collective damages claim brought by Mr Justin Gutmann, acting as the Class Representative ( CR), under section 47 of the Competition Act 1998, against Stagecoach South Western Trains Limited ( SSWT). The claim alleged an abuse of dominance stemming from a failure to make ‘boundary fares’ adequately available to customers holding travelcards... Background In 2019, Mr Justin Gutmann applied to commence opt-out collective proceedings, pursuant to section 47B of the Competition Act 1998, against First MTR South Western Trains Limited ( First MTR) and SSWT, each of which operated the South Western rail franchise during different periods. In...
Mergers The Commission has approved: the establishment of the joint venture HAD Bordeaux Métropole by Clinique Saint- Augustin, Clinique Tivoli- Ducos and Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine ( M.12097), following a phase I assessment—see further, Midday Express; the acquisition of joint control over Aumovio’s brake boosters business by Aumovio Germany Gmb H and Huayu Automotive Systems Co. Ltd......
Mergers The CMA has issued the administrative timetable for its phase 2 probe into Getty Images/ Shutterstock—see the case page for more. NOTE— For all live mergers before the CMA, consult the UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Subsidy control The Subsidy Advice Unit has released its final report advising HM Treasury on its proposed subsidy for the National Wealth Fund—see the final report. NOTE— For all referrals handled by the Subsidy Advice Unit under the Subsidy Control Act 2022, see the UK subsidy control—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates For forthcoming UK competition developments, see the UK Competition calendar......
Antitrust Commission launches Article 101 investigation in derivatives markets The Commission has opened a probe under Article 101 TFEU into possible coordination involving Deutsche Börse and Nasdaq Inc concerning the listing, trading and clearing of financial derivatives markets across the EEA ( Case AT.40945)......
In this issue: UK mergers UK antitrust UK private actions EU antitrust EU mergers EU State aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK mergers Government issues reply to DCMS consultation on additional changes to foreign state influence regime for newspapers and magazines The Department for Culture, Media and Sport ( DCMS) has released the government’s reply to its July 2025 consultation on further proposed amendments to the Enterprise Act 2002 ( Mergers Involving Newspaper Enterprises and Foreign Powers) Regulations 2025 (the 2025 Regulations). Background The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 established a fresh regime addressing foreign state intervention in newspapers and periodic news magazines, banning foreign state ownership, control, or influence over such titles. The 2025 Regulations set out narrow carve-outs enabling sovereign wealth funds and other...
Mergers The CMA released the full published text of its Phase 1 decision relating to the anticipated acquisition by Global Payments Inc...
Foreign Subsidies Regulation Commission launches in-depth investigation into the tender for the construction of Lisbon railway line under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation The Commission announced that it has initiated an in-depth investigation under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation ( FSR) concerning a tender for the construction of the Lisbon railway line accordingly......
Mergers MMG/ Brazalian Nickel Business of Anglo Amercian referred to phase II The Commission moved to phase II the proposed purchase of Anglo American’s Brazilian nickel unit (the Target) by MMG Limited ( MMG) ( M.11944). MMG is a multinational mining and metals group involved in exploring, developing and producing base metals, with a focus on copper and zinc, supplying worldwide. MMG is owned by the Chinese State-owned China Minmetals Corporation. The Target includes two active ferronickel plants and two greenfield development projects currently situated in Brazil. At phase I, the Commission concluded the Target possessed strong market power within the highly concentrated low-carbon ferronickel market, and that European customers had scarce alternative supply options available......
Mergers The CMA approved: the expected tie-up between Subsea7 S. A. and Saipem S.p. A. after a phase 1 review—see further, case page the expected purchase by S& P Global Market Intelligence Inc.......
Mergers Notifications received: AIP/ International Paper ( Global Cellulose Fibres Business) ( M.12157) – simplified; Advent/ Sapiens ( M.12156) – simplified; Rhône Capital/ Invacare/ DHG ( M.12089) – normal procedure. Note— For all live merger probes, see further, EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. State aid Under the Clean Industrial Deal State Aid Framework, the Commission approved an Italian scheme (€219m) to expand manufacturing capacity in Lazio—see further, Midday Express. Case T-568/25, Ryanair v Commission: action for annulment against decisions SA.114648 (2024/ N) and SA.114657 (2024/ N) – Sweden – Denmark – Amendment to SA.57543 and SA.58342—see further, application. Case C-477/25 Servicekörperschaft: German reference on whether tax relief for non‑profit service corporations aiding tax‑privileged bodies is State aid under Article 107(1) TFEU, and whether widening that relief alters existing aid under Article 108(3) TFEU—see further,...
Mergers The CMA issued a revocation order, withdrawing the initial enforcement order dated 15 May 2025, connected to the completed acquisition of Macquarie Rotorcraft Limited by SMFL LCI Helicopters Limited—see further, case page. NOTE— For all live mergers before the CMA, see further, UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Private actions The CAT released the application in Spreadex Limited v CMA (1753/4/12/25), appealing the CMA’s decision in Spreadex/ Sporting Index (remittal) and asking that the decision be quashed—see further, application. The CAT handed down a ruling in Dr Sean Ennis v Apple Inc and Others, an opt-out collective proceedings application alleging abuse of dominance by Apple in the i OS app distribution market. The order declined Apple’s request for a split-trial—see further, ruling. NOTE— For live private actions in the UK that have been made public, see further, UK private actions—ongoing cases...
Mergers The Commission approved KBC Group N. V.’s acquisition of exclusive control of 365.bank, a.s.; KBC Group N. V. controls KBC Bank N. V...
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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