Featured documents
R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
Most recent News
In this issue: UK antitrust UK private actions EU State aid Daily and weekly news alerts Caselex UK antitrust CMA accepts Vifor’s commitments to end CMA’s abuse probe into disparaging treatment in iron treatment market The CMA has confirmed it will accept commitments from Vifor Pharma ( Vifor) to resolve concerns that it abused a dominant position by issuing misleading statements about a rival intravenous iron treatment. For context, on 31 January 2024 the CMA opened an investigation into whether Vifor—which manufactures the intravenous iron deficiency therapy Ferinject—had curtailed competition by disseminating misinformation to healthcare professionals regarding the safety of a competing product, Monofer, supplied by Pharmacosmosa—a family-owned specialist pharmaceutical company......
Mergers The Commission approved the transaction granting exclusive control over assets of the European over-the-counter business of Viatris Inc. to Cooper Consumer Health S. A. S.......
Private actions The CAT issued an order (dated 21 May 2025) in Perse Technology Ltd v Electra Link Limited, partially allowing an application, under section 47A of the Competition Act 1998, for an interim injunction brought by Perse Technology against Electra Link Limited. No further information on this application has yet been released—see further, order. NOTE— For all live private actions in the UK that have been made public, see further, UK private actions—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates— For dates of upcoming UK competition developments, see further, UK Competition calendar......
Mergers The Commission has received notifications for: Brasserie Nationale/ Boissons Heintz ( M.11485) — ordinary merger procedure Madison Dearborn Partners/ Schoeller Group ( M.12012) — simplified merger procedure (re‑notified after the original notification was withdrawn on 18/11/2024) In Unicredit/ Banco BPM ( M.11830), commitments have been offered during the phase I review Note— For all ongoing merger investigations before the Commission, see EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. State aid An appeal has been filed before the Court of Justice in Case C-348/25, PGI Spain and Others v Commission, challenging the General Court’s judgment in Case T-596/22, which dismissed an action to annul the Commission’s decision in State aid Case SA.102454— MIBEL fossil fuel cost adjustment...
Mergers The Commission approved the deal by H. I. G. Europe Middle Market Holdings, L. P., securing exclusive control over TIMETOACT Holding Gmb H......
Antitrust CMA accepts Vifor’s commitments to end CMA’s abuse probe into disparaging treatment in iron treatment market The CMA has confirmed it will accept commitments from Vifor Pharma ( Vifor) to address concerns that it abused a dominant position by issuing misleading claims about a competing intravenous iron treatment. By way of context, on 31 January 2024, the CMA opened an investigation into whether Vifor—the company behind the intravenous iron deficiency medicine Ferinject—had curtailed competition by circulating misinformation to healthcare professionals about the safety of a rival product, Monofer, supplied by Pharmacosmosa, a family-owned specialist pharmaceutical company. To resolve the CMA’s competition concerns, Vifor has undertaken to: make a voluntary payment of £23m to the NHS rectify any potentially misleading communications issued by Vifor Pharma regarding the safety of Monofer and Ferinject through a multi-channel communications campaign directed at healthcare...
Mergers The Commission approved: the securing of joint control over Kee Safety Group by Inflexion Private Equity Partners LLP and 65 Equity Partners Pte. Ltd ( M.11983) following a phase I investigation—for further details, see Midday Express the attainment of joint control of Grand Bahamas Shipyard Ltd......
In this issue: UK private actions UK mergers EU antitrust EU Mergers EU Competition Policy EU State aid Daily and weekly news alerts Caselex UK private actions CAT issues judgment approving settlement in Mastercard collective damages action The CAT handed down its judgments in Walter Hugh Merricks CBE v Mastercard Incorporated and Others, arising from an application by the settling parties for a collective settlement approval order ( CSAO) in relation to collective proceedings that were commenced in 2016 under section 47B of the Competition Act 1998. The request for CSAO approval was lodged after the parties reached a provisional settlement agreement in December 2024. Background In September 2016, the CAT received an application to initiate opt-out collective proceedings under section 47B of the Competition Act by Mr Walter Hugh Merricks CBE, against Mastercard...
Mergers The CMA has cancelled and reissued the IEO dated 15 May 2025 relating to the completed purchase by SMFL LCI Helicopters Limited of Macquarie Rotorcraft Limited—see the case page for details. NOTE— For all current mergers before the CMA, see the UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates— For forthcoming UK competition developments, see the UK Competition calendar as referenced there too......
Advocate General Szpunar has presented his views in Joined Cases C- 416/24 On Air Media Professionals and C- 417/24 Different Media, arising from a Romanian national reference. The request seeks guidance, inter alia, on whether applying retroactively a revised Romanian-language version of an EU regulation enables national authorities to reclaim State aid granted on the basis of the initial Romanian text, taking into account the principles of legal certainty and safeguarding legitimate expectations. The reference asks, amongst other matters, whether the retroactive effect of a corrected Romanian-language version of an EU regulation can lawfully justify recovery of aid previously conferred under the uncorrected Romanian wording in Romania. Background On 27 August 2020, the Commission approved, under the Temporary Framework supporting the economy during the COVID-19 outbreak, a Romanian measure for SMEs and certain larger undertakings. That scheme was then implemented...
State aid General Court overturns Commission decision dismissing State aid complaint concerning alleged new aid by Lithuania to a Lithuanian public service broadcaster The General Court delivered its judgment in Case T‑72/22, Interneto žiniasklaidos asociacija and Others v Commission, in proceedings challenging the Commission’s letter of 25 November 2021, by which it refused a complaint asserting that Lithuania had granted new aid to Lietuvos nacionalinis radijas ir televizija VšĮ ( LRT), the Lithuanian public service broadcaster. The Court upheld the appeal and annulled the Commission’s letter in full. Background LRT is a public service broadcaster owned by the Lithuanian State. Created by statute in 1990, it was subsequently reorganised by legislation in 1996 (the Law on LRT). That Law on LRT was later amended in 2015 (the 2015 amendments) and again in 2020 (the 2020 amendments). Under the version of the Law on LRT...
Private actions Court of Appeal dismisses appeal against CAT’s judgment on certification of collective damages action against cryptocurrency exchanges The Court of Appeal has delivered its judgments in BSV Claims Ltd v Bittylicious Ltd & Ors, determining an appeal pursued by BSV Claims Limited, the class representative ( CR), against the CAT’s judgment dated 26 July 2024. The appeal concerned the CR’s application to certify a collective damages action against multiple cryptocurrency exchanges, which the Court of Appeal ultimately dismissed. Background In July 2022, the CR submitted an application to the CAT for a collective proceedings order ( CPO) pursuant to section 47B of the Competition Act 1998, seeking approval for a proposed opt-out collective action to be brought against Bittylicious Limited, Payward Limited and Payward Inc ( Kraken), Shape Shift Global Limited, Shape Shift AG, and Binance Europe Services Limited ( Binance)...
Competition policy European Commission adopts proposals to sign EU- UK Competition Cooperation Agreement The European Commission (the Commission) has tabled proposals for Council decisions to sign and bring to a close the EU‑ UK Competition Cooperation Agreement (the Competition Cooperation Agreement). The EU‑ UK Trade and Co‑operation Agreement ( TCA) envisages a distinct accord on co‑operation and coordination between the Commission, the EU Member State national competition authorities ( NCAs) and the United Kingdom’s competition authority(ies), which may set out terms for sharing and using confidential information. A Council Decision in June 2023 authorised the Commission to launch negotiations with the UK, which duly started in spring 2024. On 29 October 2024, the Commission and the Department for Business and Trade ( DBT) confirmed that the technical talks on a competition co‑operation agreement between the EU and the UK have been...
Competition policy Commission adopts proposals to sign EU- UK Competition Cooperation Agreement The Commission has endorsed proposals for Council decisions to sign and formally finalise the EU- UK Competition Cooperation Agreement (the Competition Cooperation Agreement). Under the EU- UK Trade and Co-operation Agreement ( TCA), a distinct arrangement is envisaged to govern effective co-operation and coordination among the Commission, EU Member State national competition authorities ( NCAs) and the United Kingdom’s competition authority(ies), including potential provisions on sharing and handling confidential information. Following a Council Decision in June 2023, the Commission was authorised to begin negotiations with the UK, which officially started in spring 2024. On 29 October 2024, the Commission and the UK Department for Business and Trade ( DBT) confirmed that technical talks on a competition co-operation agreement between the EU and the UK have now been...
Mergers The Commission has been notified of the Mars/ Kellanova deal ( M.11753), proceeding under the ordinary merger procedure. Note— For details of all active merger investigations before the Commission, consult the EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. State aid Under EU State aid rules, the Commission has cleared a Finnish scheme valued at €300m to merge Finnish State-owned firms operating in risk capital and private equity, forming the Tesi group—see also Midday Express. The application has been made public in Case C‑117/25, Canal Sea Services and Others, a national reference from Romania. ......
Antitrust The CMA issued an update concerning its ongoing probe into suspected anti-competitive conduct in the supply of fragrances and fragrance ingredients......
Mergers The CMA has released the complete wording of its phase 1 clearance ruling, confirming clearance under the de minimis exception for proposed purchase by Keysight Technologies, Inc......
Antitrust Commission consults on commitments offered by Microsoft in ‘ Teams tying’ investigation The Commission has opened a market test of voluntary measures proposed by Microsoft to resolve worries that it leveraged its dominant position by bundling its communications and collaboration service, Teams, with its widely adopted Office 365 and Microsoft 365 productivity packages. Teams is a cloud-based solution that brings together chat, voice calls, video meetings and file-sharing, and forms part of Microsoft’s enterprise Saa S productivity suites. Those suites combine several tools, including Word, Outlook and Excel. Since Teams’ debut in 2017, Microsoft has shipped it as the default component within its Office 365 and Microsoft 365 business plans. In July 2023, the Commission initiated a formal probe after complaints from Slack Technologies and alfaview Gmb H. In June 2024, its preliminary view was that Microsoft holds a dominant position in the global...
In this issue: UK antitrust EU antitrust EU mergers EU Foreign direct investment EU State aid Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK antitrust Court of Appeal denies permission to appeal from the CAT’s judgment affirming the CMA’s finding of excessive and unfair pricing for an NHS thyroid medicine; restores the CMA’s original fine in full The Court of Appeal handed down its judgment in Cinven Capital Management ( V) General Partner Ltd & Ors v CMA, a challenge to the CAT’s ruling of 8 August 2023 that upheld the CMA’s decision identifying breaches of the Chapter II prohibition in the Competition Act 1998 concerning the supply of liothyronine tablets (a vital medicine used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency). CMA’s 2021 decision On 29 July 2021, the CMA adopted an infringement decision concluding that Advanz Pharma abused a...
Mergers Government publishes its response regarding consultation on updating the media mergers regime, and (2) the government publishes 2025 strategic steer setting out priorities for the CMA The Department for Culture, Media and Sport ( DCMS) has released the government’s reply to the November 2024 technical consultation on reforming the media mergers regime, acting on a recommendation from Ofcom. The government will move forward with the proposals consulted upon. In its view, the package achieves a balance: preserving the public interest in a digital era while backing a media sector that is competitive and sustainable. In line with this, the government will revise the definition of ‘newspaper’ in section 44(10) of the Enterprise Act 2002 to expressly include print newspapers, periodic news magazines and online news publications......
Popular documents
When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
Discover more from LexisNexis
