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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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Mergers The Commission approved the acquisition for the exclusive control of Teka Industrial, S. A. by Midea Group Co. Ltd...
Mergers The CMA said it is assessing proposed undertakings from the parties instead of referring the completed purchase by Topps Tiles Plc of certain assets of Tildist Realisations Limited (formerly CTD Tiles Limited) to a phase 2 investigation—see the case page for details. Note— For all live mergers before the CMA, see the UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Subsidy control The Subsidy Advice Unit has agreed to prepare an advisory report for Portsmouth City Council on its proposed subsidy to First Hampshire & Dorset Limited—see the case page. Note— For all referrals to the Subsidy Advice Unit under the Subsidy Control Act 2022, see the UK subsidy control—ongoing cases tracker. NSI Act The Cabinet Office confirmed it has issued a Final Order under the National Security and Investment Act 2021, conditionally clearing ESCO Maritime Solutions Limited’s acquisition of 100% of the issued share capital in Ultra PMES...
Mergers The Commission approved the purchase of shared control of Yondr Group Limited by Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec and Digitalized Group, Inc.......
Antitrust Commission launches consultation on the effectiveness of antitrust rules governing vertical agreements in the motor vehicle sector The Commission has opened a consultation into how Commission Regulation 461/2010 — the Motor Vehicle Block Exemption Regulation ( MVBER) — is working in practice, alongside the related Supplementary Guidelines on vertical restraints in agreements for the sale and repair of motor vehicles and for the distribution of spare parts ( Supplementary Guidelines). In April 2023, the Commission decided to prolong the MVBER for a further five years, up to 31 May 2028. It also revised the Supplementary Guidelines to recognise the growing significance of access to vehicle-generated data needed for repair and maintenance services as a driver of competition......
In this issue: UK antitrust UK private actions EU antitrust Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content UK antitrust CMA fines four banks over £100m after settling government bonds investigation; one bank receives leniency The CMA has issued five distinct infringement decisions, finding that Deutsche Bank, Citi, HSBC, Morgan Stanley and Royal Bank of Canada breached Chapter I of the Competition Act 1998 by sharing sensitive information on UK government bonds via one-to-one online chats. Four banks— Citi, HSBC, Morgan Stanley and Royal Bank of Canada—settled and accepted fines totalling £104.46m. Deutsche Bank was granted immunity after alerting the CMA to its participation in the unlawful conduct. The misconduct occurred at various times between 2009 and 2013. The exchanges happened in one-to-one Bloomberg chatrooms between a small number of traders at the banks and concerned the trading of UK government...
Competition policy Canada and CMA sign Mo U on cooperation on the application of national competition laws The Competition and Markets Authority ( CMA) has released a memorandum of understanding ( Mo U) with the Canadian Commissioner of Competition, outlining international co-operation on the application of national competition laws between the authorities......
Antitrust Advocate General seeks to overturn General Court ruling endorsing State aid for Hungary’s Paks II nuclear project Advocate General Medina has delivered her opinion in Case C-59/23 P, Austria v Commission, an appeal challenging the General Court’s judgment in Case T-101/18, which had rejected a bid to annul the Commission’s 2017 decision authorising Hungarian State aid for two additional nuclear reactors at the Paks II power plant ( SA.38454). She advises the Court of Justice to allow the appeal and quash the General Court’s ruling. Background MVM Paks II Nuclear Power Plant Development Private Company Limited ( Paks II) is a Hungarian, State-owned nuclear operator. In 2015, Hungary notified the Commission of an investment aid measure to build two new reactors at Paks II’s site, south of Budapest. The scheme was to be fully funded by the Hungarian State: €10bn through a Russian State loan,...
Mergers The Commission approved the following: Nokia Corporation’s takeover of control of Infinera Corporation ( M.11663), after a phase I review—see further, press release the establishment of a joint venture, Naha Cruise Terminal Ltd., by RCL Cruises Ltd. and Cruise Terminal Investment Limited Sarl......
Mergers The CMA approved the proposed purchase of Hashi Corp, Inc. by International Business Machines Corporation...
Antitrust Court of Justice confirms a dominant firm's refusal to enable interoperability with a third-party app can breach Article 102 TFEU The Court of Justice handed down its judgment in Case C-233/23, Alphabet and Others, a national reference from Italy asking for clarification on whether Google’s choice to refuse third-party access to Android Auto (a mobile app for Android devices) breaches Article 102 TFEU. The Court of Justice confirmed that a dominant company’s refusal to make a third-party app interoperable can amount to an abuse of dominance, even where the platform is not indispensable to the app’s commercial operation. Background Google is the developer of Android OS, an open-source operating system for Android mobile devices. In 2015, Google launched Android Auto, an app for mobile devices with an Android operating system that allows users to access selected apps on their smartphone via a car’s...
Antitrust A fresh appeal has been filed before the General Court in Case T- 19/25, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries and Teva Pharmaceuticals Europe v Commission, challenging the Commission’s decision in Teva ( Copaxone) ( AT.40588) and requesting that the fine-imposing infringement ruling be annulled—see further, application A fresh appeal has been submitted before the General Court in Case T- 682/24, Red Bull and Others v Commission, brought against the Commission for failing to reimburse additional costs incurred due to the disproportionate prolongation of an inspection—see further, application NOTE— For all......
Mergers The Commission authorised: the acquisition of joint control over FTAPI Software Gmb H by Armira Gmb H & Co. ...
Antitrust CMA fines four banks over £100m after settling government bonds investigation; one bank receives leniency The CMA handed down five distinct infringement decisions, concluding that five banks— Deutsche Bank, Citi, HSBC, Morgan Stanley and the Royal Bank of Canada—violated Chapter I of the Competition Act 1998 by swapping confidential UK government bond information in private online conversations. Citi, HSBC, Morgan Stanley and Royal Bank of Canada resolved the probe and accepted penalties amounting to £104.46m. Deutsche Bank obtained immunity after notifying the CMA of its own involvement in the misconduct. The wrongdoing occurred at different points between 2009 and 2013. These exchanges were conducted via one-to-one Bloomberg chatrooms among a small cohort of bank traders and concerned trading in UK government debt—namely gilts and gilt asset swaps. Shared content covered pricing and other elements of their trading...
In this issue: UK mergers UK competition policy UK market studies EU antitrust EU State aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content UK mergers CMA announces a range of merger control proposals aimed at increasing growth, investment and business confidence The CMA released a blog from Sarah Cardell, the CMA’s Chief Executive, outlining fresh plans to spur growth, boost investment and strengthen business confidence. Cardell indicated the authority will deploy a package of steps to raise the speed, predictability and proportionality of the merger control regime. The CMA’s plans align with the government’s draft strategic steer to the CMA (see below), which asks the CMA to support the overarching national priority of economic growth by using its tools proportionately, with growth and investment front of mind, and to reduce...
Mergers The Commission authorised the joint control of six logistics warehouse assets in Germany and the Netherlands by SEGRO plc ( UK) and the Public Sector Pension Investment Board ( Canada) ( M.11821)—see further, Midday Express. Notifications received in: Mondi/ Schumacher Packaging ( German, Dutch and UK Business) ( M.11786) (normal merger procedure) Daikin/ Copeland/ C- D Compression Technologies JV ( M.11867) (simplified merger procedure) Hunan Yunchu/ Minmetals New Energy/ TMCI/ Meiwa/ JV ( M.11884) (simplified merger procedure) Report published on the implementation and effectiveness of antitrust remedies over the last 20 years under Articles 7 (prohibition) and 9 (commitments) of Regulation 1/2003—see further, report. For live merger...
Mergers CMA issues interim report in Boparan/ For Farmers merger phase 2 investigation; provisionally finds no competition concerns The CMA has published its interim report and interim notice on the anticipated purchase by Boparan Private Office Limited (through 2 Agriculture Limited) (together, Boparan) of For Farmers UK Limited’s Burston and Radstock feed mills ( For Farmers). For Farmers is a European manufacturer and supplier of animal feed, headquartered in the Netherlands. 2Agriculture, a Boparan subsidiary, is among the UK’s largest suppliers of poultry feed by volume produced and channels its output to Hook 2 Sisters, a company affiliated with Boparan, as well as farmers on the open market. At phase 1 of its review, the CMA concluded there is a realistic prospect of a substantial lessening of competition ( SLC) arising from: a loss of rivalry in the supply of meat poultry feed to...
Mergers The Commission approved ALSO Holding AG’s acquisition of exclusive control over Westcoast Holdco Limited and certain subsidiaries ( M.11715) following a phase I review; for more detail, see Midday Express. The Commission was notified of Quattror/ BC Partners/ Cigierre ( M.11873) under the simplified merger procedure. NOTE— For all live merger investigations before the Commission, see the EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates For timings of forthcoming EU competition developments, see the EU Competition calendar......
Mergers The Commission approved the takeover of: exclusive control of the pharmaceutical solutions arm of International Flavours and Fragrances Inc. ......
Mergers CMA issues interim report in GXO/ Wincanton merger phase 2 investigation; provisionally finds competition concerns The CMA has published its interim report and interim notice on the completed takeover of Wincanton Plc ( Wincanton) by GXO Logistics, Inc ( GXO). GXO is the world’s largest contract logistics services company. Wincanton, a UK‑based business, also provides these services. Both organisations supply mainstream contract logistics services ( CLS) to business customers in retail—such as groceries, fashion, and apparel—and in non‑retail—such as manufacturing and construction—sectors. In its phase 1 review, the CMA determined that the merger gives rise to a realistic prospect of an SLC, stemming from horizontal and unilateral effects in the provision of mainstream CLS across the UK......
Mergers Topps Tiles/ CTD Tiles merger meets the test for reference to phase 2 The CMA has announced its ruling that the concluded purchase by Topps Tiles Plc ( Topps) of selected assets from Tildist Realisations Limited (formerly CTD Tiles Limited) ( CTD) satisfies the criteria required to meet a phase 2 reference. Topps, the UK’s largest dedicated tile retailer, runs more than 300 outlets nationwide, also supplying tiles and related products to both retail and trade customers......
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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