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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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Mergers Notifications were filed with the Commission for: Safran/ Part of Collins Aerospace’s Actuation and Flight Control Activities ( M.11253) (ordinary merger procedure) EDFT/ Jera/ Powerco ( M.11915) (simplified merger procedure) Triton/ Keenfinity ( M.11872) (simplified merger procedure) GA/ TA/ TSYL Topco ( M.11838) (simplified merger procedure) Ingredion/ Agrana/ AGFD ( M.11780) (simplified merger procedure) Alcentra/ People & Baby ( M.11920) (simplified merger procedure) Public versions of the Commission’s phase I clearance decisions were released in: JBT/ Marel ( M.11615)—see further, decision Cinven/ Aise/ Fressnapf (...
Commission v Intel Corporation Case C-240/22 P What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling chiefly clarifies the function of the AEC test and identifies where the evidential burden under Article 102 TFEU sits, while also bearing on the EU’s position in its latest draft Guidelines. It further delineates the scope of review the General Court must undertake. The draft Guidelines sought to increase legal certainty in enforcing exclusionary abuses under Article 102 TFEU, regarded as crucial to competition operating effectively. They introduce a soft presumption that rebate schemes can yield exclusionary outcomes, thereby placing the onus on a dominant undertaking to disprove it. More broadly, the Guidelines point to a move away from the AEC test towards an appraisal of the potential effects of the exclusionary practice on all market players. Nonetheless, the General Court’s 2022 judgment, upheld by the Court of...
Market studies CMA publishes final report on its formula and follow-on formula market study; identifies concerns and recommendations for actions The CMA has issued its concluding report on the market for infant and follow-on formula. It concludes that this market possesses a number of distinctive characteristics, unlike typical consumer goods sectors, which together are leading to poor results for shoppers, notably the higher prices paid for infant formula. These characteristics stem from the regulatory regime that, for public health objectives, limits advertising and bans price promotions. Moreover, many customers are in vulnerable situations, prioritising factors other than price, and seldom move between brands. Parents also lack clear, impartial information to guide their choices at point of purchase......
Mergers The Commission approved Novo Holdings A/ S and TA Associates Management L. P. acquiring joint control of Matrix Topco Limited through an acquisition. ......
In this issue: UK NSI 2021 EU antitrust EU competition policy EU State aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK NSI 2021 High Court refuses application for interim relief by FTDI Holding regarding national security order to sell its shares in Future Technology Devices International Limited The High Court has handed down its judgment in FTDI Holding Ltd v Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, arising from FTDI Holding Ltd’s attempt to obtain interim relief against the defendant’s direction requiring it to divest its 80.2% interest in Future Technology Devices International Limited ( FTDI). The proceedings addressed FTDI Holding’s request to pause enforcement of that order. The court declined to grant the interim relief...
Merger control CMA announces a range of merger control proposals aimed at increasing growth, investment and business confidence In a CMA blog, Sarah Cardell, the authority’s Chief Executive, outlined fresh plans to stimulate growth, encourage investment and strengthen business confidence. She confirmed that the CMA will introduce a suite of measures to boost the speed, predictability and proportionality of the merger control regime. Together, these steps are designed to drive growth, support investment and bolster business confidence. The package accords with the government’s draft strategic steer to the CMA (see below), which asks the authority to support the overarching national priority of economic growth by using its tools proportionately, with growth and investment in mind, and to minimise uncertainty by engaging with those affected by the CMA’s work. The proposals...
Private actions Instaplanta ( Yorkshire) Limited v Leeds City Council (1688/5/7/24) has been re-filed before the CAT. This stand-alone action alleges an abuse of a dominant position by unfairly shutting the claimant out of the market for supplying environmentally friendly roadside advertising space in Leeds—see further, summary of claim. On 5 February 2025, the CAT issued an order in The BOC Group Limited and others v Fiat Chyrsler Automobiles NV (now Stellantis NV) and others. The damages action (the BOC Proceedings) targets truck manufacturers and relies on the European Commission’s 19 July 2016 decision into an alleged cartel concerning heavy and medium duty trucks. The BOC claimants have reached confidential settlement terms with Stellantis N. V., CNH Industrial N. V., Iveco S.p. A. and Iveco Magirus AG (the Iveco defendants). As a result, the CAT has dismissed the claims against the Iveco...
Mergers The Commission granted clearance for: the acquisition conferring joint control of BISA on Repsol and Bunge ( M.11571) after a phase I investigation—see further, Midday Express the acquisition leading to (i) joint control of National Amusements, Inc. by Lawrence J. and David Ellison alongside Redbird Capital Partners management LL. D., and (ii) sole control of Paramount Global by Lawrence J......
Mergers The Commission approved: the takeover of exclusive control of Invesis Group B. V. by PGGM Vermogensbeheer B. V. ( M.11877) following a phase I investigation—see further, Midday Express the establishment of a joint venture by EQT Fund Management S.à rl and Leigh Investment Pte......
State aid Commission consults on draft amendments to State aid rules on access to justice in environmental matters The Commission announced it is consulting on draft amendments to the State aid Implementing Regulation 794/2004 and the State aid Best Practices Code ( BPC), addressing new rules on access to justice. This initiative comes in response to the Aarhus Convention Compliance Committee’s 2021 findings that the EU is failing to comply with its obligations by not enabling the public to challenge State aid decisions allegedly breaching EU environmental law. The EU and its Member States are parties to the Aarhus Convention, which covers access to information, public participation in decision making, and access to justice in environmental matters. In a 2023 Communication, the Commission accepted that an adjustment to the existing legal framework is necessary to ensure compliance......
National Security and Investment Act 2021 High Court refuses application for interim relief by FTDI Holding regarding national security order to sell its shares in Future Technology Devices International Limited Delivering its judgment in FTDI Holding Ltd v Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, the High Court considered an application for interim relief against a decision of the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (the defendant) requiring FTDI Holding Ltd ( FTDI Holding) to dispose of its 80.2% holding in Future Technology Devices International Limited ( FTDI). The High Court refused the request and did not grant interim relief......
In this issue: UK private actions UK market studies UK competition policy EU antitrust EU State aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK private actions High Court rules France is the correct place to bring damages claim arising from cartels in the supply of car air conditioning and engine cooling components to car manufacturers The High Court handed down its judgment in Vauxhall Motors Ltd & Ors v Denso Automotive UK Ltd & Ors, tackling jurisdictional objections in a damages claim brought by car manufacturers within the Stellantis group against companies previously found by the European Commission (the Commission) to have infringed Article 101 TFEU by taking part in cartels involving the supply of air conditioning and engine cooling components to car makers. The High Court...
Private actions The CAT issued a consent order on 6 February 2025 in Asda Stores Limited and Others v Bremnes Seashore AS and Others, a damages claim under section 47A of the Competition Act 1998. The action, brought by UK supermarkets against several suppliers of farmed Atlantic salmon, alleges that the salmon suppliers operated a cartel concerning the supply of farmed Atlantic salmon, in breach of Article 101 TFEU and the Chapter I prohibition. The order records the consensual removal of one defendant, Lerøy Seafood UK Limited, as a party to the proceedings—see further, order. NOTE— For all live private actions in the UK that have been made public, see further, UK private actions—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates— For dates of upcoming UK competition developments, see further, UK Competition calendar......
State aid General Court dismisses Ryanair’s action against Commission’s readopted decision approving rescue aid to TAP SGPS in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic The General Court has handed down its judgment in Case T-743/21, Ryanair v Commission ( TAP II; aide au sauvetage; COVID-19), which concerned a challenge to the Commission’s readopted decision of 16 July 2021 approving rescue aid for Transportes Aéreos Portugueses SGPS ( TAP SGPS) ( SA.57369) (the Commission’s readopted 2021 decision). The Court dismissed Ryanair’s action, thereby upholding that readopted decision... Background In 2020, Portugal notified the Commission of an aid measure for TAP SGPS, set up either as a State loan or as a combination of a loan with a State guarantee, with a maximum amount of €1.2bn. The measure aimed to keep TAP, the parent company and 100% shareholder of Transportes Aéreos Portugueses SA ( TAP), operating for six...
Mergers The Commission has granted clearance to: the takeover of sole control of substantially all Rehau automotive business entities by Atlas FRM LLC ( M.11797), following a phase I review—see further, Midday Express the acquisition of joint control of Rolls‑ Royce SMR Limited by Rolls‑ Royce Plc and CEZ Holdings B. V. ( M.11809), following a phase I review—see further, Midday Express The Commission has also received notifications for: PSS/ Maccaferri/ JV ( M.11862) (simplified merger procedure) AZ Direct/ Iptiq ( M.11815) (simplified merger procedure) RCL Cruises/ MSC Cruises/ NAHA JV ( M.11822) (simplified merger procedure) Siris Capital Group/ EIM/ Gigamon ( M.11824) (simplified merger procedure) Note— For all live merger investigations before the Commission, see further, EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker Foreign Subsidy Regulation The Commission has received the notification for AMD/ ZT ( FS.100155)...
Antitrust High Court rules France is the correct place to bring damages claim arising from cartels in the supply of car air conditioning and engine cooling components to car manufacturers The High Court handed down its judgment in Vauxhall Motors Ltd & Ors v Denso Automotive UK Ltd & Ors, addressing jurisdictional challenges to a damages action brought by car manufacturers within the Stellantis group against companies that the European Commission (the Commission) had found to have infringed Article 101 TFEU by participating in cartels relating to supplies of air conditioning and engine cooling components to car manufacturers. The Court concluded that the appropriate forum for the damages claim is France rather than the UK......
Mergers The CMA has issued the full text of its phase 1 ruling clearing the proposed acquisition of Carlsberg UK Holdings Limited by Britvic plc—see further, the decision note. For every live merger before the CMA, consult UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates For timings of forthcoming UK competition developments, please see the UK Competition calendar......
Mergers The Commission authorised: the formation of a joint venture by KONČAR - Electrical Industry Inc. and Siemens Energy Holding B. V. ( M.11804) after a phase I inquiry—see further, Midday Express the purchase of sole control of Buderus Edelstahl Gmb H by Mutares SE & Co......
Mergers The CMA released the complete wording of its Phase 1 ruling regarding the proposed takeover by Synopsys, Inc....
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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