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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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Antitrust Commission fines Mondelēz €337.5m over cross-border trade restrictions On adopting its infringement decision, the Commission levied a €337.5m penalty on Mondelēz International, Inc. ( Mondelēz) for obstructing cross-border trade in chocolate, biscuits and coffee among Member States, in breach of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. The Commission concluded that Mondelēz violated Article 101 TFEU by participating in 22 anti-competitive agreements or concerted practices......
In this issue: UK private actions NSI EU state aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK private actions Court of Appeal dismisses Sports Direct’s appeal regarding CAT’s refusal to grant injunction about the supply of Newcastle United replica kit The Court of Appeal has handed down its judgment in Sports Direct.com Retail Ltd v Newcastle United Football Club Ltd & Anor, addressing an application challenging the CAT’s 12 April 2024 decision refusing an interim injunction that would have required Newcastle United Football Company Limited and Newcastle United Limited (together, Newcastle United) to supply Sports Direct with replica football kit (the CAT’s 2024 ruling). The Court of Appeal upheld the CAT’s 2024 outcome, yet concluded the tribunal was wrong to hold there was no serious issue to be tried. Sports Direct...
Antitrust CAT upholds appeal and sets aside CMA’s infringement decision regarding supply of prochlorperazine 3mg buccal tablets The CAT has delivered its judgment in (1) Advanz Pharma Corp. Limited and others, (2) Cinven Capital Management ( V) General Partners Limited and others, (3) Lexon ( UK) Limited and another and (4) Alliance Pharmaceuticals Limited and another v CMA, arising from an appeal brought against the CMA’s decision dated 3 February 2022, which levied fines exceeding £35m on Alliance, Focus, Lexon and Medreich for infringing Chapter I of the Chapter Competition Act by coordinating not to compete in the UK supply of 3mg buccal tablets. According to the CMA, Alliance and Lexon had concluded a ‘pay for delay’ arrangement concerning the tablets (the Market Exclusion Agreement ( MEA)), whose object was to restrict competition. Under that arrangement, Lexon agreed it would refrain from...
Antitrust The CMA has revised its administrative timetable for its probe into suspected anti-competitive behaviour in the recycling of old or written-off vehicles, namely cars and vans, commonly also termed ‘end-of-life vehicles’ or ELVs. The authority confirmed the inquiry is still in progress and it will continue collecting information and analysing and reviewing the material obtained until September 2024—see further, the case page. NOTE— For all live behavioural investigations before the CMA, see further, the UK behavioural investigations—ongoing cases tracker Upcoming dates For dates of forthcoming UK competition developments, see further, the UK Competition calendar......
NSI Government publishes updated guidance about exercise of the call-in power under the National Security and Investment Act The Cabinet Office has issued an updated section 3 statement, setting out how the Secretary of State expects to use the call-in power under the National Security and Investment Act 2021 ( NSI Act), which has been laid before Parliament. This update fulfils the Cabinet Office’s commitment made in the outcome to its call for evidence on 13 November 2023 regarding the NSI Act. While the refreshed statement retains a level of continuity with the 2021 version, it introduces several important revisions to clarify how the Government intends to apply the NSI Act’s powers. These revisions include additional detail on how risk is assessed in relation to: Trigger events – including when certain acquisitions may fall within the NSI Act, such as the...
Mergers The Commission has received notifications for: Unicredit/ Alpha Bank Romania ( M.11546), under the simplified merger procedure; CVC/ Monbake ( M.11530), likewise under the simplified merger procedure. Note— For all live merger investigations before the Commission, please see the EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. State aid The Commission approved, under EU State aid rules, a German scheme worth €1.7bn to support rail freight operators involved in single and group wagon transport—see Midday Express for more. The Commission also approved, under EU State aid rules, a French scheme valued at €120m to compensate downstream businesses, including poultry companies. ......
Mergers The CMA has invited comments on the expected purchase by Roche Diagnostics Limited of certain businesses owned by Lumira Dx Group Limited (in administration) and Lumira Dx International Limited (in administration)—see further, case page. NOTE— For all live mergers before the CMA, see further, UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Subsidy control The Subsidy Advice Unit has accepted a request to produce a report advising the Office for Life Sciences on its proposed Life Sciences Innovative Manufacturing Fund subsidy scheme for 2025–2030—see further, case page. NOTE— For all decisions referred to the Subsidy Advice Unit under the Subsidy Control Act 2022, see further, UK subsidy control—cases tracker. Market investigations The CMA has shared a speech by Martin Coleman, Non- Executive Director and Panel Chair, delivered at the Swedish Competition Authority’s Pros and Cons Conference, marking 75 years of the UK’s experience with market...
Private actions Court of Appeal dismisses Sports Direct’s appeal regarding CAT’s refusal to grant injunction about the supply of Newcastle United replica kit The Court of Appeal has delivered its judgment in Sports Direct.com Retail Ltd v Newcastle United Football Club Ltd & Anor, arising from an application challenging the CAT’s ruling of 12 April 2024 that declined to grant Sports Direct an interim injunction compelling Newcastle United Football Company Limited and Newcastle United Limited (together, Newcastle United) to provide Sports Direct with replica football kit (the CAT’s 2024 ruling). The Court of Appeal upheld the CAT’s 2024 ruling, dismissing Sports Direct’s appeal, but determined that the CAT was wrong to conclude there was no serious issue to be tried......
Mergers The Commission approved the acquisition of shared control over Nordic Seed Germany Gmb H and Nordic Seed A/ S ( M.10921) following a Phase I review—see further, Midday Express. The Commission has received notifications for: IBM/ Certain Software AG Products ( M.11468) (standard merger procedure) Hedin Mobility/ Iveco Sweden/ Iveco Denmark/ Iveco Finland/ Iveco Norge ( M.11410) (standard merger procedure) The Commission issued the public version of its decision in Agco/ Trimble/ JV ( M.11382)—see further, decision. Note— For all ongoing merger investigations before the Commission, see further, EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates: For dates of forthcoming EU competition developments, see further, EU Competition calendar......
State aid AG issues opinion recommending Court of Justice should set aside General Court’s judgment and annul Commission’s decision regarding State aid granted by Finland to Helsinki transport operator Advocate General Medina has delivered his Opinion in Case C‑697/22 P, Koiviston Auto Helsinki v Commission, concerning an appeal brought against the General Court’s ruling in Case T‑603/19, which rejected an action seeking annulment of the Commission decision adopted on 28 June 2019. In that decision, the Commission concluded that Finland had conferred €54.2m in State aid in contravention of Article 108(3) TFEU, thereby rendering the measure incompatible with the internal market and requiring recovery ( SA.33846). For context, during 2002–2012, the Helsinki bus undertaking Helsingin Bussiliikenne Oy ( Hel B) benefited from public support provided by the City of Helsinki, comprising one equipment loan and three capital loans......
Mergers The CMA released the full text of its phase 1 referral decision concerning the prospective acquisition by Theramex HQ UK Limited of the European Rights to Viatris’ Femoston and Duphaston products — see further, decision The CMA issued its issue statement relating to its phase 2 investigation in Spreadex/ Sporting Index — see further, case page The CMA set out its administrative timetable for its phase 2 investigation in Lindab/ HAS- Vent — see further, case page NOTE— For all live mergers before the CMA, see further, UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker NSI The government has conditionally approved the acquisition of Fire Angel Safety Technology Group Plc by Intelligent Safety Electronics Ptd Ltd — see further, final order NOTE— For a summary of transactions in which the UK government has intervened on national security grounds under the National Security and...
Mergers Alpha Theta/ Serato referred to phase 2 The CMA has moved to a phase 2 investigation of the expected acquisition of Serato Audio Research Limited ( Serato) by Alpha Theta Corporation ( ATC), after the parties elected not to offer undertakings in lieu. ATC, based in Japan, supplies DJ software worldwide for use on laptops and desktops under the rekordbox name, and markets DJ hardware carrying the Pioneer DJ and Alpha Theta brands. ATC also offers We DJ, a DJ software application intended solely for mobile and tablet devices......
State aid General Court dismisses further appeals regarding Spanish aid for the acquisition of ships The General Court delivered two judgments covering the Joined Cases T-401/14 Duro Felguera v Commission, T-406/14 Promoinmo v Commission, T-407/14 Gres Le Sagra v Commission, T-408/14 Venatto Design v Commission, T-415/14 Embutidos Rodriguez v Commission, T-416/14 APM terminals management v Commission, T-417/14 Afar 4 v Commission, T-433/14 Superficies de Alimentación v Commission, T-442/14 Metalúrgica Galaica v Commission and T-443/14 Ibereolica Renovables v Commission, together with Case T-508/14 Naturgy Energy Group v Commission, all contesting the Commission’s decision of 17 July 2013. That decision found that a Spanish scheme for acquiring vessels, based on leasing and financing arrangements supported by tax relief, involved unlawful State aid ( SA.21233). The General Court dismissed every action. Under the arrangement, a shipowner could obtain a newly built ship with a rebate on the price...
Mergers The Commission has given clearance for: the set-up of a joint venture by E. ON SE and OHB SE ( M.11491) following a phase I investigation—see also, Midday Express the establishment of a joint venture between Baywa Global Produce Gmb H and Nufri Agricultural Transformation Society ( M.11492) after a phase I investigation—see also, Midday Express the formation of a joint venture, Net Zero North Sea Storage Limited, by BP CCUS UK NEP Limited and Equinor Low Carbon UK Limited ( M.11213) subsequent to a phase I investigation—see also, Midday Express NOTE— For all ongoing merger investigations before the Commission, see also, EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker Russia’s war against Ukraine The Commission approved, under the Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework, a Spanish measure (valued at €120m) to back investments in strategic sectors in the region of Asturia, advancing the shift to a...
Digital markets Commission designates Booking as gatekeeper; launches market investigation into X The Commission stated that it has resolved to designate Booking, for its online intermediation service Booking.com, as a gatekeeper under Regulation 2022/1925 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector (the Digital Markets Act, DMA). Based on Booking’s self-assessment that it satisfies the relevant thresholds, the Commission determined that Booking’s core platform service is an essential gateway, as such, effectively connecting businesses and consumers. At the same time, the Commission decided not to designate X Ads and Tik Tok Ads......
Mergers The CMA has published a notice extending the inquiry timetable under section 39(4) of the Enterprise Act 2002, connected to its continuing phase 2 probe into the Vodafone/ CK Hutchison JV—see further, case page The CMA has opened a phase 1 review regarding the proposed acquisition by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. of Olink Holing AB—see further, case page NOTE— For all live mergers before the CMA, see further, UK mergers—ongoing cases tracker Upcoming dates For dates of forthcoming UK competition developments, see further, UK Competition calendar......
Mergers DMCMS launches consultation on the draft regulations relating to the foreign state ownership of newspaper provisions in the DMCC Bill The Department for Culture, Media and Sport has released, for consultation, the draft Enterprise Act 2002 ( Mergers Involving Newspaper Enterprises and Foreign Powers) Regulations 2024. Ministers have tabled changes to the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Bill to establish a fresh intervention framework focused on foreign states for newspapers and periodical news magazines, banning foreign state ownership, control or influence over newspapers and news magazines......
In this issue: UK mergers EU state aid Lex Talk®Competition: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Caselex UK mergers Lindab/ HAS- Vent merger referred to phase 2 The CMA has referred to phase 2 the completed acquisition of HAS- Vent Holdings Limited ( HAS- Vent) by Lindab International AB ( Lindab), following Lindab’s decision not to offer undertakings in lieu. Lindab, a ventilation business based in Sweden and listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm exchange, operates in the UK mainly through Lindab UK and Ductmann Limited. Both produce and supply ventilation system products, including ducts and fittings. Lindab has 21 branches across England and Wales. HAS- Vent, a UK firm headquartered in Wombourne, likewise manufactures and distributes ventilation system products, including ducts and fittings, in England and Wales, and runs 10...
Mergers The CMA put in place an IEO over the completed acquisition by GXO Logistics, Inc. ...
State aid General Court annuls Commission’s decision to approve restructuring aid for the charter airline Condor The General Court has delivered its judgment in Case T-28/22, Ryanair v Commission ( Condor; aide à la restructuration), challenging the Commission’s decision of 26 July 2021 that approved restructuring aid of €321m provided by Germany to the charter airline Condor ( SA.63203) (the Commission’s 2021 decision). The General Court annulled the Commission’s 2021 decision. By way of context, the measure — effected through the write-off of loans granted during the COVID pandemic — sought to underpin Condor’s restructuring and the continuation of its operations, tackling the difficulties arising after the insolvency of its former parent, Thomas Cook. The Commission had authorised that aid under Article 107(3)(a) TFEU and the Guidelines on State aid for rescuing and restructuring non-financial undertakings in difficulty. The General Court...
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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