Jurisdiction(s):
European Union

EU AI Act: Obligations for General-Purpose AI (GPAI) Models, Transparency Duties, Systemic Risk Criteria, Open-Source Provisions, Applicability and Compliance Timelines

Published on: 16 February 2024

Published by a LexisNexis EU Law expert

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Article summary

What are GPAI models?

The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act) primarily targets AI systems, especially those labelled high-risk. This stems from the EU’s risk-based methodology adopted by the EU. In its final form, the EU AI Act also expressly brings general purpose AI (GPAI) models within the scope of regulation. Although AI models are vital building blocks of AI systems, they are not, by themselves, AI systems at all. In essence, a model comprises large collections of parameters—sometimes running into billions—that can be applied to input data to generate an output. To operate as an AI system, additional components are required, for example a software interface. Under the EU AI Act, GPAI models are described as models showing broad output generality and able to address a wide range of distinct tasks. Frequently, these models will often have been trained on large quantities of data.

What is the approach of the EU AI Act for GPAI?

As GPAI models can be used for many purposes, including some that are high-risk, they are subject to regulation under the EU AI Act...

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