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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Lex Talk®TMT: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts WTO WTO Dispute Settlement Body adopts compliance panel report and receives EU appeal notification The World Trade Organisation ( WTO) Dispute Settlement Body ( DSB) has endorsed a compliance panel report in DS591 on Colombia’s anti-dumping measures applied to frozen chips from Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands, following its 24 November 2025 session. On 23 October 2025, the panel determined that Colombia had not completely implemented an earlier panel decision and an arbitrators’ award delivered under the Multi- Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement. The EU confirmed it would appeal the panel’s findings in DS616 concerning duties on steel imports from Indonesia, which led to the removal of two items from the DSB’s agenda: adoption of the DS616 report and the EU’s bid for...
Commission Implementing Regulation ( EU) 2025/2314 of 17 November 2025 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of phosphorous acid originating in Implementing act by Commission ( EU) 2025/2314, dated 17 November 2025, setting a temporary anti-dumping levy on phosphorous acid imports originating in......
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Safeguards Free trade agreements Customs Lex Talk®TMT: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts WTO WTO report highlights sharp rise in G20 tariffs amid efforts to facilitate trade The latest World Trade Organization ( WTO) review finds tariff coverage in G20 economies at record highs between mid- October 2024 and mid- October 2025. Imports worth US$2,599bn came under duties—more than four times the prior period. Counting exports, 185 measures touched trade of roughly US$2,900bn. Even with this protectionist upswing, G20 members also unveiled 184 trade‑facilitating steps spanning goods valued at US$2,055bn, almost double last year’s level. The report observes that most economies avoided retaliation, choosing dialogue and moves to ease barriers. See: LNB News 18/11/2025 44. Trade in goods China welcomes US pause on...
In this issue: Anti-dumping Safeguards Free trade agreements Customs Lex Talk®TMT: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Anti-dumping EU dumping duties on Chinese trichloroisocyanuric acid remain in place. MLex notes the European Commission stated on Wednesday that EU imports of trichloroisocyanuric acid from China will continue to attract punitive anti-dumping levies for a further five years. The rates, which peak at 78.97%, stem from a partial interim review launched in 2024 following a request by Ercros and Electroquímica de Hernani. See: EU dumping duties on Chinese trichloroisocyanuric acid remain in place. The EU has revised the anti-dumping duties on Chinese trichloroisocyanuric acid after that interim review, as reflected in the Official Journal. Commission Implementing Regulation ( EU) 2025/2216 of 4 November 2025, amending Implementing Regulation ( EU) 2023/2757 imposing a...
On 10 November ( Eastern Time), the US Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security issued an official notice in the Federal Register announcing a one-year temporary pause on enforcing the 'penetrating rules' for export controls. The Ministry of Commerce responded to the decision, discussing the effects of the suspension and whether it could be prolonged beyond the initial one-year timeframe......
In this issue: Trade in goods Lex Talk®International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trade in goods DBT and OFSI publish guidance on countering Russian sanctions evasion for freight and shipping sector The Department for Business and Trade ( DBT) together with the Office of Trade Sanctions Implementation ( OFSI) has issued comprehensive guidance directed at the freight and shipping industry to deter Russian sanctions evasion. This material supports firms in spotting frequent techniques used for Russian circumvention and in cutting the likelihood of being singled out by actors seeking to bypass sanctions......
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Subsidies and countervailing measures Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO China requests WTO consultations over India’s EV battery subsidy measures MLex: China has sought consultations at the World Trade Organisation ( WTO) regarding India’s electric vehicle ( EV) battery subsidy regime, alleging New Delhi’s measures breach WTO disciplines and amount to banned import-substitution incentives, the Ministry of Commerce stated on 15 October 2025. The ministry argued the rules unduly favour Indian industries, damage the interests of Chinese companies and distort fair competition. Beijing said it would take ‘firm steps’ to defend its industries’ rights. Citing that several of India’s recent trade and economic initiatives have prompted compliance concerns among WTO members, it urged India to honour its commitments and address the alleged...
The statement follows: A Ministry of Commerce spokesperson responded to media enquiries about China’s WTO complaint against India concerning subsidies for electric vehicles and batteries. Reports state that China has lodged a WTO case alleging India subsidises electric vehicles and battery output......
In this issue: Trade in goods Anti-dumping Subsidies and countervailing measures Lex Talk®International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trade in goods European Parliament committees approve ban on Russian gas and oil imports The European Parliament’s Committees on Industry, Research and Energy and on International Trade have backed draft rules to prohibit imports of Russian natural gas—covering pipeline flows and liquefied natural gas ( LNG)—from 1 January 2026, with narrow carve‑outs for existing contracts until mid‑2026 and into early 2027. The plan likewise forbids storing gas of Russian origin in EU facilities and widens the embargo to Russian oil and petroleum products from the same date. It would tighten customs checks on provenance, require mandatory authorisations and audits, and deploy anti‑circumvention tools to stop re‑labelling, routing via third countries, or the use of shadow fleets. Members removed a clause permitting temporary suspension of the embargo on...
In this issue: Safeguards Free trade agreements Daily and weekly news alerts Safeguards Commission publishes consultation on steel sector trade regulation proposal The European Commission has issued a draft regulation to tackle the adverse trade impact of worldwide steel overcapacity on the EU steel industry. During the call for evidence, it attracted 143 submissions. The initiative is set to succeed the existing safeguard regime, which lapses on 30 June 2026, amid record global surplus. The consultation remains open until 9 December 2025, concluding then. See: LNB News 14/10/2025 35. Free trade agreements Council......
In this issue: WTO Safeguards Free trade agreements Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO panel publishes report regarding EU duties on Indonesian steel products The WTO released a panel report in Indonesia’s dispute with the EU over countervailing and anti-dumping measures applied to Indonesian stainless steel cold-rolled flat products. It concluded the EU acted inconsistently with Article 1.1(a)(1) of the SCM Agreement by ascribing Chinese financial contributions to Indonesia via an ‘inducement’ theory not encompassed by the Agreement’s closed list of governmental conduct. The panel also rejected the EU’s sector-wide designation of all Indonesian nickel ore mining companies as ‘public bodies’, finding the Commission leaned excessively on regulatory obligations and failed to examine the fundamental attributes and state relationships of individual entities. See: LNB News 06/10/2025 13. WTO revises global trade forecasts in October 2025...
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Customs Lex Talk® International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts WTO announces EU appeal of panel report on biodiesel import duties from Indonesia The World Trade Organization confirmed that the EU has lodged an appeal against the panel’s findings in Indonesia’s dispute over countervailing duties on biodiesel imports ( DS618), as noted at the Dispute Settlement Body meeting. Indonesia criticised the step, pointing to the Appellate Body’s current non-functioning state, while the EU reiterated its invitation for Indonesia to participate in the Multi- Party Interim Appeal Arrangement to preserve appeal rights. Ongoing deadlock among WTO members over filling Appellate Body vacancies continues to impede effective dispute settlement; Colombia, speaking for 130 members, again urged the launch of the selection process. The United States opposed the move,...
In this issue: Anti-dumping Free trade agreements Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Anti-dumping TRA proposes anti-dumping duties on engine oils from Lithuania and UAE The Trade Remedies Authority ( TRA) has issued a Statement of Essential Facts proposing lasting anti-dumping duties on engine oils and hydraulic fluids imported from Lithuania and the UAE. Opened in June 2024 after an application by Aztec Oils Ltd, the investigation covered passenger car motor oils, heavy-duty commercial vehicle oils and hydraulic oils. The TRA found that UK producers—largely small businesses with fewer than 100 employees—suffered material injury, with industry sales of £285m from April 2023 to March 2024. Proposed duty rates rise to 84.72% for individual participating companies, with country-wide rates of 95.36% for Lithuania and 34.55% for the UAE, intended to run for five years. See: LNB News...
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Egypt launches two WTO safeguard investigations on import injury concerns The World Trade Organization noted that Egypt has opened two distinct safeguard probes to assess if rising import volumes are inflicting serious harm on local industries. Egypt has invited consultations, pursuant to Article 12.4, with relevant WTO members holding significant export interests in the products at issue. Stakeholders have 30 days from the date the Notice of Initiation appears in Egypt’s Official Gazette to file written submissions and corroborating evidence......
In this issue: WTO Free trade agreements Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO announces Thailand's safeguard investigation submission deadlines The World Trade Organization ( WTO) has set Thailand’s deadlines for submissions to its safeguard inquiry on polypropylene imports, referenced as G/ SG/ N/6/ THA/7. The inquiry will assess whether rising polypropylene imports are causing, or threatening to cause, serious harm to Thailand’s domestic industry. This mechanism is consistent with WTO safeguard rules, which allow temporary import measures only where serious injury, or the risk of it, is proven. Interested parties, including importers and exporters, are invited to provide written evidence and observations by 24 September 2025 if submitting within Thailand, or by 1 October 2025 if submitting from abroad. See: LNB News 10/09/2025 5......
According to the European Commission, EU farmers producing beef, poultry, sugar and other ‘sensitive’ agricultural products will benefit from protective measures—among them a safeguard tool and a contingency fund—to avert market upheaval linked to the EU‑ Mercosur accord. The EU‑ Mercosur Association Agreement, 25 years in preparation and hailed by EU officials as ‘historic’, will gradually phase down or scrap tariffs over the coming decade, ultimately forming a marketplace of 700 million people when fully implemented. In today’s unsettled geopolitical environment, EU trade chief Maroš Šefčovič said diversifying supply chains and deepening cooperation with trusted allies, partners and friends is not a luxury but a necessity, at a press conference. He added that these agreements will anchor the EU’s economic presence in Latin America, a presence that has been in......
In this issue: Customs Lex Talk® International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis forum Daily and weekly news alerts Fresh and revised materials Customs Weekly roundup of HMRC import, export and customs guidance—1 September 2025 Full details on changes to HMRC import, export and customs guidance spanning 26 August to 1 September 2025. Refer to LNB News 01/09/2025 5......
In this issue: Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Anti-dumping TRA publishes Statement of Essential Facts proposing anti-dumping duties on Chinese biodiesel The Trade Remedies Authority ( TRA) released a Statement of Essential Facts, advising anti-dumping measures on Chinese biodiesel imports. The inquiry was opened on 5 June 2024 after an application from the Renewable Transport Fuels Association on behalf of domestic......
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Safeguards Subsidies and countervailing measures Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO China initiates WTO consultations over Canadian steel and aluminium import measures The World Trade Organisation ( WTO) reports that China has requested dispute settlement consultations with Canada regarding Canadian measures on certain steel and aluminium imports. The request concerns Canada’s imposition of a 50% surtax through tariff-rate quotas on steel from non-free trade agreement partners, including China, and a 25% surtax on products using steel melted and poured in China or aluminium smelted and cast in China. China argues these actions impede market access and discriminate against inputs of Chinese origin. See: LNB News 20/08/2025 24. Trade in goods Commission and US announce joint trade and investment framework agreement The European Commission and the United States have...
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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