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R (Greyhound Board of Great Britain Ltd) v Welsh Ministers [2026] EWHC 670 (Admin) What are the practical implications of this case? The ruling reinforces the constitutional divide between the courts and the legislature. It explains that the scheme and framework of the Government of Wales Act 2006 (GWA 2006) embody that separation of powers, and that any judicial attempt to recognise and enforce a common law obligation on Welsh Ministers to consult prior to introducing legislation in the Senedd would trespass upon that boundary. This is not a departure from established principle; case law has already upheld comparable rules for lawmakers in Scotland and at Westminster. However, this is the first express confirmation of the position for Welsh lawmakers, and the first time this dimension of the GWA 2006 has been analysed in such depth. The court examined earlier
The solution arrived through the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), a quasi‑judicial body handling mass claims, created under UN Security Council Resolution 687. By addressing environmental harm—most notably via its ‘F4’ claim class—the UNCC set a seminal benchmark shaping how international law and contemporary arbitral panels allocate financial responsibility for wartime ecological devastation. With present-day wars in areas such as Eastern Europe and the Middle East bringing dam breaches, strikes on chemical facilities, and the burning of farmland, the UNCC’s legacy endures as an essential reference point for states, global investors, and companies engaged in post‑conflict arbitration. The F4 claims: Quantifying the unquantifiable Prior to the 1990s, mechanisms in international law for war reparations overwhelmingly favoured property loss, foregone earnings, and bodily injury. The natural world was commonly treated as a mute, non-compensable victim of armed hostilities...
Understanding the farming business as a business Many farms still use long-standing structures that arose by habit, not strategy. Sole traders, informal partnerships and outdated partnership deeds are common. While once effective, such setups can cause major issues around succession, tax planning and involving the next generation. A corporate team can take a fresh, business-led view of the farm, asking: Who owns the land and other critical assets? Who manages daily operations? Who carries the risk and who enjoys the return? What is the enduring plan for succession? From this review, the team can confirm whether the current setup is fit for purpose or if an alternative — for example an updated partnership agreement, a company, a limited liability partnership, or a blended model — would better meet the family’s aims. Tax efficiency through joined-up advice Tax sits at the centre of most
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Tariffs cover imports of finished vehicles as well as components entering the country. Cars and car parts that meet the United States- Mexico- Canada agreement are excluded from the levies, yet they are still forecast to weigh heavily on carmakers across Europe and Asia in the months ahead. It could also significantly push up costs for American buyers looking to acquire a car, possibly by thousands of dollars. Speaking from the Oval Office, Trump sounded upbeat, asserting that the new duties might raise between $600bn and $1trn a year over the next two years. Trump also claimed they would encourage companies to invest further in US plants and manufacturing, a central objective of his administration. ‘ What we’re doing is incentivising companies to come into America and build’, he said......
In this issue: Key developments and materials WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Subsidies and countervailing measures Safeguard Customs Lex Talk®International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Key developments and materials Spring Statement 2025—key International Trade announcements In the Spring Statement on 26 March 2025, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Rt Hon Rachel Reeves MP, set out measures pertinent to International Trade practitioners, including temporary tariff reliefs on selected goods, progress towards a modern and effective tax and customs framework, and the financial implications of tariff liberalisation under the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans- Pacific Partnership. See: LNB News 26/03/2025 34. WTO WTO announces Canada's request for consultations with China over GATT violations On 24 March 2025, the World Trade Organization noted that Canada has begun formal dispute consultations with the People’s Republic of China regarding alleged breaches of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and the Dispute...
In this issue: Trade in goods Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trade in goods Commission launches Steel and Metals Action Plan under Clean Industrial Deal The European Commission unveiled an Action Plan for Steel and Metals on 19 March 2025, within its Clean Industrial Deal. The package outlines actions to back the EU’s steel and metals industries via trade defence, measures to curb carbon leakage, and lower energy costs. Funding comprises €150m from the Research Fund for Coal and Steel (2026–27), €600m through Horizon Europe, and a goal to mobilise €100bn via a new Industrial Decarbonisation Bank......
In this edition: WTO Customs Daily and weekly news updates New and refreshed content WTO Canada initiates WTO dispute challenging US over new trade duties Canada has launched World Trade Organisation ( WTO) dispute proceedings against the United States over recently announced ad valorem tariffs......
In this issue: Trade in goods WTO Customs Lex Talk® International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts Trade in goods Tariffs to take effect on Canada and Mexico, Trump says, along with new China tariff MLex: On 27 February 2025, President Donald Trump announced that 25% duties on Canada and Mexico would begin the following week, alongside an extra 10% levy on China. These measures come into effect on 4 March 2025 for Canada and Mexico after he said both nations had failed to resolve border issues, while China on the same day will face a 10% charge added to an earlier 10% imposed in February 2025. See News Analysis: Tariffs to take effect on Canada, Mexico, Trump says, along with new China tariff. Trump says US will slap 25 per cent tariffs on all EU...
Trump stated on Truth Social that fentanyl and other drugs are still flowing into the country from Mexico and Canada at very high, unacceptable levels, noting that many of these narcotics are sourced from China. He argued that this scourge must not be allowed to keep harming the USA and, therefore, unless it stops, or is significantly reduced, the proposed tariffs scheduled for 4 March will, in fact, take effect as planned, he wrote on his social media platform. Trump also said reciprocal tariffs will take effect on 2 April......
He said the rate would be 25%, broadly, covering cars and a host of other items. Trump charged that the EU was ‘taking advantage’ of the US and refusing American cars, flagging a US$300bn goods deficit with the EU, he said. He asserted the EU ‘was created to shaft the United States’. ‘ They’ve done a fine job of it, but now I’m’......
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO DSB members agree to set up panel for Türkiye– China electric vehicle dispute The World Trade Organization’s ( WTO) Dispute Settlement Body ( DSB) has accepted China’s request to set up a panel to examine Türkiye’s measures on electric vehicles imported from China. The DSB also endorsed a panel decision on the EU’s treatment of palm oil and palm crop-based biofuels, concluding that Directive ( EU) 2018/2001 (the Renewable Energy Directive) and related regulations unfairly discriminated against Indonesia’s palm oil biofuels. See: LNB News 25/02/2025 28. Trade in goods Tariffs on Mexico and Canada to go forward, Trump says as deadline nears. MLex: Heavy tariffs on Mexico and Canada will proceed, US President Donald Trump said ahead of a 4 March 2025...
At a White House news briefing alongside French President Emmanuel Macron, Trump revealed the move, coming before a 4 March 2025 cut-off for tariff measures targeting Mexico and Canada. ' We are on schedule with the tariffs, and it appears they are progressing very quickly and efficiently,' Trump stated there as planned......
In this issue: WTO Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO Philippines notifies WTO of safeguard investigation on corrugating medium The WTO states that the Philippines has filed notice of the launch of a provisional safeguard investigation into corrugating medium. The Philippines has called on interested stakeholders to provide comments on the proposed measure within five days of publication, including views on whether its application would serve the public interest. See: LNB News 17/02/2025 45. WTO advances dialogue on sustainable plastics trade and pollution The WTO reports notable progress in its Dialogue on Plastics Pollution and Environmentally Sustainable Plastics Trade......
The investigation stems directly from a grievance filed by Glass Fibre Europe, the European body representing glass fibre manufacturers, regarding underpriced imports from the three nations. In January 2025, EU makers of filament glass-fibre reinforcements ( GFR), covering rovings, chopped strands and glass-fibre mats, formally took their concerns to the Commission’s trade department about a surge in unfairly cheap shipments notably from Bahrain, Egypt and Thailand that indeed harm the EU’s industry. Dumping arises when a product is offered below the......
In this issue: WTO Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO announces parties reach mutually agreed solution in trade dispute The World Trade Organization ( WTO) stated that the parties to a trade dispute informed the organisation on 17 January 2025 that they had reached a mutually agreed settlement. In line with Article 12.7 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding, the WTO panel released a report giving a concise account of the case and noting the settlement. These steps accord with established WTO dispute settlement practice, bringing the dispute to a successful close. See: LNB News 06/02/2025 57. WTO: China initiates dispute against US tariffs on Chinese goods The WTO has indicated that the PRC has requested consultations with the United States concerning additional tariffs levied on Chinese goods......
Steel producers across the globe will once more be hit with a 25% tariff on exports to the United States, under an executive order signed by President Donald Trump on 10 February 2025. The measures are slated to take effect on 12 March 2025, and no exemptions will be granted to the United States’ largest trading partners — Canada, Mexico and the EU — nor to any other country. At the White House, President Trump told reporters: ' It's a big deal. It's a big deal. This is the beginning of making America rich again'. The proclamation overturns duty‑free quota arrangements, exemptions and product exclusions afforded to overseas steel producers since 2018, when Trump first introduced a 25% import tariff during his initial term. Although the executive order sets 12 March 2025 as the start date, US media have reported a Trump...
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Free trade agreements Customs Lex Talk®International Trade: a Lexis®Nexis community Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO South Africa initiates safeguard investigation on steel products The World Trade Organisation ( WTO) has reported that, on 3 February 2025, South Africa formally informed its Committee on Safeguards of the launch of a safeguard probe. Commencing on 17 January 2025, the inquiry covers specified flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, as well as other alloy steel products. A 20-day window has been set for interested stakeholders to identify themselves and provide pertinent submissions and evidence. The purpose is to assess whether surging imports are causing, or risk causing, serious harm to domestic producers within the domestic industry, which could result in provisional import curbs being applied. See: LNB News...
In this issue: Trade in goods WTO Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content Trade in goods Trump kicks off overhaul of USA trade system MLex noted that, during his inauguration on 20 January 2025 in Washington, DC, USA President Donald Trump declared that the USA would move straight away to revamp its trade system. He said the initial step will be setting up an external revenue service to raise ‘massive amounts of money’ from tariffs and import duties. See News Analysis: Trump kicks off overhaul of US trade system. PCA announces hearing schedule for UK- EU sandeel fishing arbitration The Permanent Court of Arbitration ( PCA) has confirmed that the Arbitration Tribunal, constituted under Article 740 of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the UK, has arranged a public hearing for the UK- Sandeel case (......
As an initial move, the incoming administration, Trump promised, will set up an external revenue authority to collect import tariffs and duties. Core to his campaign is tariffs as high as 60% on goods from China and 25% on products from other economies, including Canada and Mexico. He intends to channel proceeds from these duties into cuts in income tax for US citizens. ‘ I will at once commence a transformation of our trade regime to safeguard American workers and families nationwide......
In this issue: WTO Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO panel rules EU palm oil measures violate trade agreements The World Trade Organization ( WTO) recently released a panel report concluding that specific EU actions relating to palm oil and biofuels derived from oil palm crops breach global trade disciplines. It also found the EU’s elevated indirect land use change ( ILUC)-risk cap and phase-out to be materially at odds with the Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT 1994), referencing overdue data reassessments and flaws in putting low ILUC-risk criteria into practice. The panel also held that France’s TIRIB scheme unlawfully discriminated against palm oil-based biofuels contrary to GATT 1994. Although certain steps qualified under Article XX of GATT 1994 exceptions, their execution and...
In this issue: WTO Safeguards Customs Daily and weekly news alerts WTO WTO announces India's initiation of safeguard investigation The World Trade Organisation ( WTO) has noted that India has opened a safeguard probe, with interested parties invited to file their views within 15 days of 19 December 2024. This inquiry seeks to assess whether rising import volumes are inflicting, or pose a risk of, serious harm to domestic industry. The WTO has also confirmed that members can impose temporary import curbs where the inquiry evidences serious injury or a credible threat. Throughout the process, stakeholders may submit proof and reply to other parties’ filings. See: LNB News 08/01/2025 28. WTO announces Madagascar's initiation of safeguard investigation The WTO states that Madagascar has commenced a safeguard inquiry to judge whether higher import levels are causing, or could cause, serious injury to a domestic industry. The notice...
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Safeguards Anti-dumping Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content International Trade Highlights 2024/2025 WTO WTO reports surge in trade restrictions amid growing global uncertainty The World Trade Organization ( WTO) has issued its annual trade monitoring report, signalling a marked upswing in trade‑restrictive measures. The WTO records that new actions by members impacted $US887.7bn of trade, a sharp rise on the prior year’s £US337.1bn. Although trade‑facilitating measures also increased, the WTO cautions that a swelling stock of import restrictions now covers 11.8% of world imports. The organisation additionally reports more export restrictions and a higher number of trade remedy initiations, alongside early indications of trade fragmentation linked to geopolitical tensions. See: LNB News 12/12/2024 41. Trade in goods DBT announces UK's official accession to CPTPP trade agreement The Department for Business and Trade ( DBT) has announced that the UK has formally joined the...
In this issue: WTO Trade in goods Subsidies and countervailing measures Customs Daily and weekly news alerts New and updated content WTO WTO announces Jordan's initiation of safeguard investigation The World Trade Organization ( WTO) has noted that Jordan has begun a safeguard investigation to evaluate whether rising imports are causing, or threatening, serious harm to its domestic industry. The WTO has outlined details of the notification, including contact details for the investigation's director and deadlines. Stakeholders should register by 22 December 2024 and lodge written submissions by 14 January 2025. The WTO states members may apply temporary import curbs only where the probe substantiates serious injury or a threat thereof. See: LNB News 09/12/2024 41......
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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