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TMT weekly: OSA 2023 enforcement, ICO cyber guidance, Ofcom TLCS update, ASA rulings, Clarke v Guardian, spectrum charges, AI chatbots and child protection—25 September 2025

Published on: 25 September 2025

Published by a LexisNexis TMT expert
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Standalone AI chatbots test limits of European online child-protection regimes

MLex reports rising scrutiny of AI chatbots over potential harms to children, yet the EU Digital Services Act (EU DSA) and the Online Safety Act 2023 (OSA 2023) still leave them in a regulatory grey area. The pressure is escalating on several fronts: US lawsuits and hearings in Congress; fresh measures in Italy; and challenges from campaigners in Ireland and the UK. European regulators are being pushed to consider whether existing frameworks should be adapted to address AI more fully, while providers such as OpenAI and Character AI are signalling what voluntary safeguards could entail. See: Standalone AI chatbots test limits of European online child-protection regimes.

Ofcom issues provisional contravention notice to Itai Tech for OSA 2023 breaches

On 17 September 2025, Ofcom issued a provisional notice of contravention to Itai Tech Ltd for alleged infringements of the OSA 2023...

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