Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Costs definition

What does Costs mean? In litigation, costs are the legal fees, disbursements, court fees and VAT incurred in bringing, defending or appealing a claim, and the sums a court or tribunal may order one party to pay another for those liabilities. The concept is governed by procedural rules and case law rather than a single statutory definition: England and Wales (CPR 44–47), Northern Ireland (RCJ Ord 62), Scotland (where the equivalent term is expenses), and Ireland (Legal Services Regulation Act 2015 and the Legal Costs Adjudicators). The general approach is broadly consistent, subject to local terminology and procedure. Typical features include the discretionary rule...

Trade associations and competition law: practical staff guidance and checklists on meetings, information exchange, membership criteria, political activity, credit exchange programmes, joint R&D, and standards

Published by a LexisNexis Risk & Compliance expert

Precedents

Industry associations can deliver useful, pro‑competitive advantages, but the chance of facing a competition law issue in the trade association context is considerable and should not be underestimated. This guide is an information resource about competition law compliance risk in the context of trade associations.

Joining a trade association

You must inform [ insert, eg the legal department ] if you are joining a trade association. See our [ Contact with competitor form ].

Trade association meetings

Before attending a meeting

Insist on an agenda.
Review the agenda in advance:
- Satisfy yourself that the agenda topics are permissible (see sections 2.2 and 4);
- If in doubt, seek advice from [ insert, eg the legal team ] or, if there is no time to seek advice, do not attend the meeting.

Topics of conversation to avoid

Just as you must avoid discussing sensitive business topics with competitors during informal meetings, you must avoid these types of discussions in the context of trade associations. This includes conversations with competitors during formal trade association meetings, at related social events, and casual encounters before or after trade association meetings or social events...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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