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Lucasfilm did not benefit in any way at Tyburn Film Productions Ltd's expense, counsel said to the appeals court there on 3 December 2025, in part because it already possessed rights over Cushing's likeness and an agreement and consent from the Cushing estate to 'resurrect' him as Grand Moff Tarkin. Tyburn contends it earlier made an agreement with the late actor then, at the time, granting the company a veto over any use of his image prior to his 1994 death. That contract concerns a TV series titled 'Heritage of Horror', which never aired. Tyburn further asserts the deal permits it to effectively 'resurrect' Cushing using stand-ins and CGI to ultimately finish the programme then if the actor were to die whilst filming remained in progress...
Irish telecom operator Eircom’s damages lawsuit against BT Group over a public-sector contract must be carefully managed to trial to deal with confidentiality issues and other matters, a UK judge told the parties today. At the High Court in London today, a judge said Eircom’s damages action against BT over a public-sector contract needs tight case management through to trial to address confidentiality and related concerns. Eircom brought the claim after Ofcom in 2020 penalised BT for its behaviour during a tender. Speaking to both sides, Judge Adam Johnson urged them to resolve any confidentiality flashpoints themselves and signalled he had no wish to step in unless it became unavoidable. He also expressed confidence that parties would do everything possible to keep confidential designations to a minimum, noting this was necessary to maintain control over the conduct of the trial. He framed this as the
The following document is attached: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/274 dated 5 February 2026, revising Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1981, establishing a final anti-dumping levy on imports of ceramic tableware and kitchenware produced in...
Justice Richard Arnold granted AstraZeneca leave to appeal and permitted lorries carrying about 175,000 packs of Glenmark’s generics to move on to wholesalers, provided they did not reach pharmacy shelves while the case continued at any point during those interim proceedings. In this way, Glenmark could keep its first-to-market advantage, while causing only minimal detriment to AstraZeneca should the Court of Appeal later be persuaded to issue an injunction against supply. The judge said this approach maintained the status quo with the least possible prejudice to Glenmark’s position overall. The hearing was arranged at short notice, just days after the High Court refused AstraZeneca an injunction to block the diabetes generic from sale while the court considered whether the patents supporting the branded medicine were valid in law. Glenmark, Generics (UK) Ltd and Teva Pharmaceuticals have each begun proceedings in the UK to set...
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Press release: Sports broadcast and production companies fined £4 million in freelancer pay investigation BT and the British Broadcasting Corp have rolled out or refreshed competition law training for staff after the Competition and Markets Authority ( CMA) penalised them and three rivals in an unusual move to police labour practices. BT British Broadcasting Corp ITV IMG Sky At the same time, on 21 March 2025, the CMA closed an inconclusive investigation into seven film and television companies’ employment practices in non-sports broadcasting, saying it will instead flag concerns to the businesses under scrutiny. Alongside this, the regulator has pledged to refresh its 2023 guidance to help employers avoid anti-competitive labour conduct. According to DWF LLP partner Dimitris Sinaniotis, these steps point to limited awareness among recruiters and HR teams of how easily competition rules can be breached. He emphasised that training and compliance are what count; while not...
Market investigations The CMA has revised the administrative timetable for its ongoing probe into the provision of veterinary services for household pets. According to the timetable as updated, the CMA intends to issue its final report in November—see further, case page. NOTE— For all live behavioural investigations before the CMA, see further, UK market studies and market investigation references—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates— For dates of forthcoming UK competition developments, see further, UK Competition calendar......
TPR has stated it is now committed to calibrating a degree of financial risk that is 'proportionate' to maintaining a system that nurtures a healthy environment for retirement savers. This commitment follows HM Treasury’s 17 March 2025 announcement, ' A new approach to ensure regulators and regulation support growth', which asks TPR to cut bureaucratic hurdles in order to strip back regulatory burdens viewed as holding back economic growth. Nausicaa Delfas, TPR’s Chief Executive, told the JP Morgan Pensions and Savings Symposium on 28 March 2025 that, this year, TPR will run a broad review of its scheme return and supervisory returns 'to rationalise and remove unnecessary burdens' on programmes. Delfas added that this work will concentrate on two principal areas......
Apothekerkammer Nordrhein, Case C-517/23 (27 February 2025) What are the practical implications of this case? The judgment clarifies for the pharmacy sector which promotional practices fall within the Directive’s reach, assessed by whether the communication seeks to encourage the prescribing, supply, sale or consumption of medicinal products. After reviewing Doc Morris’ discounts and payments, the court drew a distinction between measures connected to prescription-only medicines ( POMs) and those concerning non-prescription medicines. It decided that advertising aimed purely at influencing a customer’s choice of pharmacy, by offering discounts or payments linked to the purchase of POMs, is not caught by the Directive. Such measures do not promote the prescribing or consumption of unspecified POMs, given that prescribing decisions rest solely with the doctor. However, the court indicated a different outcome where the incentive provided to customers who buy POMs consists of discounts or vouchers...
Directive ( EU) 2024/2853 (the EU Product Liability Directive) Directive ( EU) 2024/2853 (the EU Product Liability Directive) revamps the product liability framework established by Council Directive 85/374/ EEC (the 1985 Directive), signalling the EU’s resolve to tackle issues arising from the digital economy and new technologies. With digital and AI offerings now widespread, the EU has refreshed its legal benchmarks to safeguard consumers and enhance accountability. Following the European Commission’s withdrawal on 11 February 2025 of a specific AI product liability directive proposal, this regime will operate as the prevailing benchmark for AI-related product liability for the foreseeable future. Liability for defects now extends to digital offerings—software and AI systems included—with updated criteria for determining defectiveness. Manufacturers and other liable actors are responsible under the Directive for damage to protected legal interests arising from a product defect. It preserves the no-fault model...
Soydag v St Anne's Catholic High School for Girls ( ET/3309325/2023) Employment Judge Sarah Matthews, in Soydag v St Anne's Catholic High School for Girls ( ET/3309325/2023), concluded that St Anne's Catholic High School for Girls did not discriminate against Gozen Soydag when it dismissed her for refusing to take down social media posts deemed 'incompatible with the school's mission statement and ethos'. The tribunal accepted it was entirely credible that headteacher Emma Loveland would not wish pupils to encounter that post linked to the person to whom they were expected to turn for pastoral support, and recorded that the video 'advocated for relationships of coercive control'. The judgment also noted that Soydag operated two widely followed Instagram pages, which she said offered guidance aimed to 'encourage, empower and equip women to be wives', as recorded......
381 Southwark Park Road RTM Company Ltd and others v Click St Andrews Ltd ( In Liquidation) and another [2024] EWHC 3569 ( TCC) What are the practical implications of this case? BLOs and Information Orders are among the most potent remedies introduced by the BSA 2022 to hold culpable contractors and developers to account and to spare claimants Pyrrhic wins against judgment‑proof defendants. Because they can pierce the corporate veil of wealthier parent entities, these orders herald a retreat from elaborate corporate architectures that silo substantial assets from creditors, and from the tactical use of insolvency to thwart claims (eg, where any realistic recovery would be negligible). Although leaseholders are likely to welcome this outcome, it represents a significant development in company law and the long‑standing doctrine that companies are generally treated as distinct legal persons. If that no longer holds,...
When will a report be covered by without prejudice privilege? ( BNP Paribas v Briggs & Forrester) BNP Paribas Depositary Services Ltd and another v Briggs & Forrester Engineering Services Ltd [2024] EWHC 2575 ( TCC) What are the practical implications of this case? This ruling clarifies when without prejudice privilege ( WPP) can protect a document that is not an exchange between the parties, but is created to aid the resolution of a dispute. Where a report—such as a survey, condition assessment or defects report—is procured to underpin settlement discussions, WPP may attach if clear steps are taken to align the report with the settlement process. To maximise protection, ensure the report is obtained for the purpose of facilitating negotiations and is treated in a manner consistent with confidentiality throughout its lifecycle. In particular, any party seeking to rely on WPP for such material should ensure the...
Thomas v Cheltenham Borough Council [2025] EWCA Civ 259 What are the practical implications of this case? This judgment will interest practitioners dealing with prior approval applications for electronic communication developments, and, more generally, those pursuing public law challenges about material considerations and appeals against High Court decisions. It reviews the Supreme Court's guidance in Friends of the Earth v Secretary of State for Transport [2021] UKSC 52 on three types of information that can amount to a material consideration. These include: information that legislation or policy, either expressly or by necessary implication, obliges the decision-maker to take into account or to ignore; and information that the decision-maker is entitled to consider where, in their own judgement and discretion, they regard it as appropriate. The judgment underlines that, within this third class, a decision-maker may choose not to refer to something others might regard as...
Background The Immigration ( Biometric Information etc) ( Amendment) Regulations 2025, SI 2025/382 took effect on 27 March 2025 and introduce a series of changes to the Immigration ( Biometric Registration) Regulations 2008 ( Biometric Regs 2008), SI 2008/3048, to support different elements of the shift to e Visas. They also revise other linked legislation, including the Immigration ( Provision of Physical Data) Regulations 2006 ( Provision of Physical Data Regs 2006), SI 2006/1743. The Biometric Regs 2008 prescribe the rules for obtaining ‘ Biometric Immigration Documents’ ( BIDs), covering biometric enrolment, as well as post-application obligations for maintaining these documents, such as notifying the Home Office when certain personal particulars change. Historically, the principal form of BID was the Biometric Residence Permit ( BRP), a physical identity card confirming a person’s immigration status. Since 2018, the Home Office has been moving to fully...
The portfolio letter This portfolio letter builds on an earlier FCA letter issued on 16 March 2023. That communication to payments firms outlined the steps the FCA expected firms to take to deliver three outcomes it had set for the sector, together with three cost-cutting priorities: Safeguard customers’ money Ensure firms do not compromise the integrity of the financial system Meet customers’ needs through high-quality products and services by implementing the Consumer Duty The FCA reiterated that firms must implement and comply with the Consumer Duty. The March 2023 portfolio letter also highlighted additional cost-cutting priorities: Governance and leadership, including oversight of agents and distributors Operational resilience, including reliance on providers of critical services such as technology and banking services Regulatory reporting The FCA stated it would make greater use of its right to charge firms that miss...
Targeted Support In a recent address, FCA chief executive Nikhil Rathi said regulated firms are piloting a consumer-facing component of targeted support, which they are currently designing and developing as a test. This approach will let financial institutions provide enhanced help to cohorts of customers purchasing financial products, while avoiding the regulatory exposure associated with personalised advice. Industry stakeholders have backed the plan. Rathi told the JP Morgan Pensions and Savings Symposium 2025: ' Working with the Treasury, we will soon consult on our proposed model ( Targeted Support), designed to bridge the space between generic factual guidance and regulated advice for pensions and investments'......
Rukhadze v Recovery Partners GP Ltd [2025] UKSC 10 What are the practical implications? The majority concluded that the liability to account for unauthorised gains is strict in nature and does not turn on whether the principal might have earned an equivalent profit, or would have agreed to the fiduciary retaining some or all of it if permission had been sought. It is, in short, enough that there is a sufficient connection between the fiduciary obligation and the gain. What was the background? The facts are complex but can be outlined very briefly so as to frame the issue now before the Supreme Court. The dispute followed the death of the Georgian billionaire Patarkatsishvili (known as ‘ Badri’, a name familiar to aficionados of oligarch litigation). The claimants (and associated parties) agreed with his family that they would deliver services to recover his assets...
What does the Market Standards Trend Report cover? Click here to download the full report in PDF format. This Market Standards Trend report delivers a concise snapshot of key data points concerning parallel merger investigations undertaken by the Competition and Markets Authority ( CMA) and the European Commission ( Commission) since the end of the Brexit transition period on 31 December 2020 ( Brexit). It focuses on: the frequency of divergent outcomes across parallel investigations assessment of parallel review cases featuring remedies or prohibitions headline timing statistics for parallel investigations how the parallel merger control landscape aligns with the CMA’s predicated case load four years post Brexit The report also includes market commentary from leading experts on how the CMA and the Commission have handled parallel cases over the four years since Brexit, alongside broad perspectives on what to...
Latest SIs laid for sifting The following statutory instrument was laid for sifting on 28 March 2025: Public Procurement ( Revocation) Regulations 2025 A complete list of all proposed negative procedure SIs under REUL( RR) A 2023 is available here. Sifting process for proposed negative procedure SIs introduced under REUL( RR) A 2023 REUL( RR) A 2023 provides a suite of delegated powers enabling the government and the devolved administrations to introduce SIs to revise assimilated law. The primary legislative powers appear in REUL( RR) A 2023, ss 11–16. The central procedural requirements, including routes for parliamentary scrutiny, for these instruments are specified in REUL( RR) A 2023, s 20 and Schedules 4–5......
According to an official, the Trump administration announced the halt at a WTO budget meeting in mid‑ February 2025, stating the payments were frozen as part of President Donald Trump’s 20 January 2025 executive order pausing all foreign aid for a 90‑day review period process......
Editor’s note— Anurag Deb, Ph D researcher at the School of Law, Queens University, Belfast Welcome to the inaugural 2025 issue of the Public Law Case Law Quarterly, bringing together summaries and analysis of pivotal judgments chosen by the Lexis+ UK Public Law team, complemented by expert comment from a range of specialist contributors. This instalment spans a broad spectrum of public law matters, from human rights to the ongoing effects of Brexit, public procurement, and even State immunity. Notable among the cases is Department for Justice v JR123, where the Supreme Court endorsed Northern Ireland’s offender rehabilitation regime, holding that the Rehabilitation of Offenders ( Northern Ireland) Order 1978 strikes a fair equilibrium between Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights ( ECHR) and the public interest. Also significant is R ( GB News Ltd) v Ofcom, in which the High Court...
Mergers The Commission has been notified of the following: APG REP/ Pimco PRE/ OMGH JV ( M.11648) — ordinary merger procedure Actis/ EDF/ Bharat Grid ( M.11962) — simplified merger procedure BWGI/ Verallia ( M.11960) — simplified merger procedure Apax Partners/ Norva24 Group ( M.11955) — simplified merger procedure Metinvest/ IB/ JV ( M.11817) — simplified merger procedure BNPP/ AXA IM ( M.11828) — simplified merger procedure Note— For ongoing merger investigations before the Commission, see the EU mergers—ongoing cases tracker. Upcoming dates For forthcoming EU competition developments, see the EU Competition calendar......
Advocate General Athanasios Rantos In a non-binding opinion, Advocate General Athanasios Rantos advised that the Court of Justice should confirm the General Court’s earlier ruling dismissing objections by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd and Cephalon Inc. to the penalty the European Commission imposed in 2020. He concluded that the General Court applied the proper test when assessing whether Teva and Cephalon’s 2005 settlement — which ended patent‑infringement litigation between the companies — contravened the EU’s antitrust laws. According to Rantos, the General Court was rightly attentive to the restrictive provisions, namely the non‑compete and non‑challenge undertakings, which in substance required the parties to refrain from entering the market......
Mergers Safran/ Collins merger meets the test for reference to phase 2 Following review, the CMA has decided that the expected acquisition by Safran S. A. ( Safran) of part of Collins Aerospace’s ( Collins) actuation and flight control business, a unit within RTX Corporation ( RTX), meets the threshold for a phase 2 reference. Safran, headquartered in Paris, France, is principally active in the design, manufacture and sale of aerospace equipment worldwide. RTX, whose head office is in Arlington, US, operates in the design, manufacture and sale of aerospace and defence products, and delivers aftermarket service solutions supporting those products. Collins is an RTX business unit engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of, amongst other things, actuation systems for the aerospace industry. This portfolio includes trimmable horizontal stabiliser actuation systems ( THSA), together with other actuation systems that control the movement of...
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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...
This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...
Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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